جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « گردشگر خارجی » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Foreign tourists who enter a country may commit crimes and then claim that they were not aware of the consequences of the crime they committed and the penalty involved. According to Article 155 of the Penal Code, failure in knowing about the criminal law is not acceptable except on occasions in which, according to Islamic Sharia, one is to be fully aware of the consequences of his/her actions. In all crimes, the law is explicit in Article 218 of the Penal Code that the claimant should prove that the person is fully familiar with sharia laws or for a foreign tourist who is accustomed to being aware is not obtainable under the charge and that he has to prove this. In all crime laws written expressly in Article 218 of the Penal Code lack of awareness would be tantamount to alleged failure of being informed about the penal code of a country. The claim that the foreign tourist was essentially unaware of the type and amount of punishment is not basically acceptable. Being uninformed about each of the thematic elements constituting a crime can cause the decline of criminal responsibility but when it comes to unintentional crimes being uniformed about a sentence or subject or punishment does not affect the decline of criminal responsibility but can make the punishment milder. The current paper will study the issue of a foreign tourist being uninformed about the criminal law of a country from four different perspectives: 1. Lack of information on legal issues related to foreign tourists 2. Lack of information on the subject of foreign tourism 3. A foreign tourist's lack of information about the issue of punishment in the host country 4. The burden of proving lack of information and the person who should bear it.

The major natural tourism attractions of every country or estate are considered as main capitals for development of ecotourism. Deserts are mentioned as one of the appropriate tourism attractions in Iran wherein are enriched by historical, cultural and natural characteristics and are capable of attracting many of eco-tourists annually. This investigation aims at examining the characteristics of deserts in order to identify and prioritize the influential factors in attracting foreign tourists to mentioned regions. Besides, according to theories of motivation and factors of attracting tourism to destinations, the tourist reaction and response is variable relying on economic, social, cultural, natural and environmental changes. This investigation highlights a case study on desert regions of Sadeq Abad, Bafgh. Accordingly the cross-sectional method is implemented and the statistical sample contains intakes of foreign tourists to the region of Sadeq Abad until Oct 2014, relatively numbers of 200 foreign tourists are randomly selected for the study. The main data collection method is the use of questionnaires and data are analyzed through factor analysis and the Friedman test. Likewise, the data analysis result illustrates total of seven factors with 56.83 percentage of variance in which mentioned factors are named as: health, natural, sports-entertainment, Services - Infrastructure, information and advertisements, economic, social-cultural elements. Similarly, the Friedman test proves that based on the average rate of 6.10 the social factor is the most significant factor from tourists’ point of view and it is due to security matter and following the social factor, the second and third important factors in attracting tourists to desert regions of Sadeq Abad are the factors of natural and training with the average rate of 6.08 and sports-entertainment with the average rate of 4.32 percentage.

Extended Abstract:Tourism is a major sector of the global economy and it is one of the largest industries in the world. One of the most important factors that can lead to the growth and development of international and domestic tourism are resorts and hotels that accommodate of passengers. The use of modern marketing can be extremely helpful to the progress and development of the hotel industry. Sensory marketing is a form of marketing that has a great influence on customer satisfaction because it contributes the success to the emotions and sensory component. This research seeks to determine the impact of sensory marketing and its components in improving satisfaction of the hotel customers. In this article¡ sub-components of the sensory marketing were identified¡ then the customer satisfaction level regarding sensory component is measured by using a questionnaire. Statistical population of this study includes all four and five-star hotel in Isfahan. The sample size is obtained 120 people using Cochrane methodology. Finally¡ in order to analyze the data and test the study hypothesis descriptive statistic and analytical statistic have been used respectively. All statistical analyses are conducted using SPSS20 and Amos20. The findings suggest that the proportion of hotel features and sensory taste of tourists has a direct influence on their satisfaction and behavioral intention.
Tourism is considered as the biggest and the most diverse industry. Many countries have selected this dynamic resource as their main source for income¡ creating jobs¡ growing the private sector and expanding their infrastructures.Tourism has become of special interest for the developing countries.Today¡ hotel management and food supplying industry are considered as dynamic parts of the tourism industry. A potential traveler that travels to any given place requires a bed for sleeping and food. Hotel is a reflection of travelers’ tastes and needs in this market. The way of delivering the services to customers is of a special importance in a hotel. Hotels are among the most influential factors that can cause the satisfaction of foreigners and local tourists. Hotel is one of the main needs of tourism industry in any country. Hotel management is one of the most dynamic sections of tourism industry and includes facilities for resting and sleeping¡ foods and beverages and various types of entertainments. Paying attention to marketing and specially sensory marketing can have a considerable impact on the customers’ satisfaction.
Material and The current research is functional in its aims and regarding the nature and data gathering procedures is a descriptive survey. Using questionnaires for gathering the opinion of the sample is a reason for counting the current research as a survey and it is considered as a statistical research. In addition since the current research studies the existing things¡ it can also be considered descriptive. The library has been used to gather information about the history and the literature of the subject and since the questionnaire is the most common tool for gathering initial data in the surveys and field researches¡ the questionnaire has been used in order to examine the hypotheses and research questions. In the questionnaire used for this purpose¡ close-ended questions are presented in the Likert scale. In analyzing the responses¡ a score between 1 to 5 is dedicated to the Likert scale.
Discussion and With a look at results from tables and equations¡ the positive impact of sensory inputs on customers satisfaction can be observed. The research hypotheses are in line with the studies of researchers including Krishna¡ Elder et al. ¡ Dona¡ Kim & Perdue and Agapito & Valle and many others. All these people have mentioned the the significance of sensory elements in enhancing in customer satisfaction. It can be mentioned that Kim & Perdue have specifically used sensory parameters regarding the hotels. They have come to the conclusion that if sensory parameters of a hotel are in line with the customers’ tastes¡ it will have a positive impact on their satisfaction.
The findings of the current research is in line with the results of the aforementioned study and have considered the direct influence of sensory parameters on satisfaction and behaviors of customers. Although the field of the studies mentioned above are different (e.g using emotional marketing in hot water springs¡ using emotional marketing in the destination¡ etc)¡ they have all reached the same conclusions. This can be also true about the behavioral intentions of the customers and if they are satisfied with the hotel¡ they will return to the hotel in future or they recommend the hotel to their friends.

Although leisure and hospitality has been a part of the basic needs of human from long time ago, but tourism as an industry in Iran started during the first half of the 2nd century. In contemporary era after Pahlavi kingdom from i.e.1920 to 1960 Iran has experienced new evolution in the method of pre capitalism production and has crossed the capitalism relation, this process has leaded to social-economic and technological advancement and tourism industry was also affected by this process. Despite the fact the growth of tourism has been remarkably slow; as a result the number of tourists in 1952 was 53895 persons. By the changes which took place in 1960s and the land reform has led to the termination of feudalism and the expansion of money as a means of relation and the urban extension. Gradually, the notion of tourism came to be the focal point of the government policies. The occurrence of war between Arabs and Israelis (1973) and the raise of oil prices made the rate of urbanization significantly high and this itself caused bourgeois classes in Iranian society. The increasing of the income of the middle class paved the way for the people of the community to spend part of their income on tourism and sightseeing. The peak of capital expansion occurred during 1960-1975 in Iran. At the same time, we have witnessed the extreme growth of tourism in a sense that the number of the tourists increased up to 657930 in 1975. After the Islamic revolution of Iran which took place in 1979 and the imposed war against Iran by Saddam till the end of the war, tourism industry drastically descended in a sense that the number of tourists decreased up to 147522 persons in 1980. However, the implementation of first, second and third social-economical and cultural programs (1989-2004) many of the cultural and economical infrastructures were rebuilt and some of them developed much better than before. Hence, this movement has stimulated the tourism industry in Iran wherein the number of tourists has raised up to 1341762 in 2000. In the fourth program of social-cultural and economic of the country which has started since 2005, a heavy attention has been paid to the objectives and goals of tourism industry and it is expected to have over 20000000 tourists during of plan years by the end of the fourth program (2009). These structural and functional evolutions which indicate the transitional stage in tourism industry and its drastically and rapid climb in Iran.