جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ecological city" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

The aim of this research is to evaluate the dimensions and components of the ecological city in Mahabad. The type of applied research and its method is descriptive-analytical. Data collection was through library, documentary and field studies. The components of the research, adapted from reliable sources, include environmental, socio-cultural, physical and managerial issues. To analyze the data, SPSS software and sample t-tech statistical tests and step-by-step regression are used, as well as SWAT method is used to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Mahabad city. The research results show; in the sample T-Tech test, the average of social (3.32) and environmental (3.18) components were higher than the average (3), but they did not reach the optimal level, and the average of management components was (2.05). ) and body with (2.11) were below average. Therefore, in the city of Mahabad, more attention should be paid to the administrative and physical components. Also, the regression analysis shows that socio-cultural, managerial, physical and environmental components are correlated with the intensity of 808/848, 853/848 respectively; and 856/ show their effect on the dependent variable (ecological condition of Mahabad city). The results of the SWOT model show that the best strategies are aggressive and conservative strategies.

Ecological city, as one of the emerging approaches of sustainable development, is among them. In fact, the ecological city is a city that is harmonious and compatible with nature. The ultimate goal of many of them is to eliminate carbon waste, produce energy from renewable sources and create a healthy environment in the city. Based on this, the aim of this research is to evaluate the dimensions and components of the ecological city in Mahabad. The type of applied research and its method is descriptive-analytical. Data collection was through library, documentary and field studies. To analyze the data, SPSS software and sample t-tech statistical tests and step-by-step regression are used, as well as SWOT method is used to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Mahabad city. The research results show; the status of Mahabad city in terms of socio-cultural and environmental components is higher than the average level (3), but it has not reached the optimal level. In the environmental component, climatic conditions and natural landscapes have the highest average and socio-cultural items have the highest average related to the sense of place. And all the item related to physical and management components were lower than average. Therefore, in order to achieve an ecological city in Mahabad city, it is necessary to pay more attention to these components. In addition, the results of the SWOT model show that the best strategies are to take advantage of the natural conditions of the city,

Sustainable development has gradually and over time brought about various approaches with different goals. Ecological city is one of these approaches that has a stronger emphasis on environment issue as well as the relationships between city development and nature. The purpose of this study was to determine the local factors effective on the achievement of ecological city in order to sustainably develop Darcheh city. This study was mixed-methods (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of paradigm, and descriptive-analytical and exploratory in terms of nature. Data was collected using document analysis and field study through two means: interviews with experts using the Delphi method and a questionnaire. In the qualitative phase (the Delphi method), 30 experts and specialists were interviewed. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population of the study was comprised of Darcheh citizens aging over 15, who were 37367 individuals in the year 2016. From among these, 375 participants were selected using cluster sampling. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the urban planning experts, and its reliability was corroborated through Chronbach’s alpha coefficient. The results of the study in both phases (qualitative and quantitative) showed that the environmental and economic dimensions – with the average scores of 4.23 and 4.11 and (beta) regression coefficients of .345 and .349 – best describe the achievement of ecological city, there is a relative homogeneity among various neighborhoods of the city in terms of ecological city indices, and the ecological city development can be attained through a clear model. Moreover, according to Pearson correlation coefficient, the citizens who have had a higher educational level have shown a higher tendency (.585) to help implement the ecological city project.

Eco-city is a city that has been formed and managed on the bases of the principles of environment-friendly living, eliminating carbon waste, producing energy from renewable sources, creating an environment in the city, stimulating economic growth, reducing poverty, organizing city for higher population densities, greater efficiency and improve health. According to Register’s view, an Eco-city is based on the principles that human settlements can be environmentally sustainable and livable, as well as intensive, supportive of urban life, compatible with the ecological zone and ecological improvement. Thus, reducing energy consumption, promoting biological communities, health, social justice, prioritizing non-motorized transportation, and helping the economy in these cities are considered. Among the issues, especially in the last decade development of Bojnourd city that should be paid more attention to these days due to rapid urban development, attracting a significant population of immigrants seeking the development of urban and even metropolitan services and facilities, creating disorder and inability to expand the city. The growth of the urban population, the increase in dependence and the use of private cars due to the inefficiency of public transport, the significant volume of congestion and urban traffic, the spread of various environmental pollutants such as air pollution, noise pollution, and in some cases even visual pollution. The necessity and importance of paying attention to the city of Bojnourd from the perspective of the ecological city approach are because with the continuation of this situation, the city of Bojnourd distances itself from its context and capabilities to become an ecological city and these problems intensify; In this case, planning and dealing with it will require more time and money. Therefore, by using new and world-renowned approaches to sustainable urban development, this development can be more balanced proccess. The various dimensions of the city in the growth and development proccess can be coordinated and integrated. The purpose of this study is to present a structural-interpretive model based on the ecological city approach.

 Interpretive-structural modeling is an effective and efficient method for topics in which different qualitative variables have interact affects. This method can be use to discover the relationships and dependencies between qualitative variables, analyze them, and draw. Numerous methods such as the Delphi, nominal group method, focus groups, and brainstorming, are formal methods for generating ideas and reaching consensus among experts. This research has been done in two steps: The first is the Delphi technique, which was carried out to identify the indigenous components of the ecological city in Bojnourd. We first discussed with the panel of experts about the general issues of Bojnourd city, the contexts, and obstacles to the realization of the ecological city approach. As a result, 16 components were obtained in five main categories. The second step is the process of structural-interpretive modeling to implement this technique, the internal relations of the factors were identified, and finally, their leveling was done.

 A list of components mentioned by experts during the Delphi interview was compiled, and according to their context, they included 16 components in five environmental, economic, managerial, social, and physical contexts. After determining the relationships and levels of variables in the structural-interpretive model, the components are located at four levels. Components at the upper levels of the model are less effective, and as you approach the lower levels, the effectiveness of the components increases. The lowest level of this model is the "citizenship culture and lifestyle" component. Accordingly, the model of achieving an ecological city in Bojnourd is a four-level model whose foundation begins with the culture and lifestyle of citizens, and in planning towards this goal, this component should be the focus.

 The relationship between the city and the environment has hidden layers in the political, socioeconomic, and even cultural contexts. Following the emergence of environmental issues in cities, the ecological attitude towards cities has expanded, in which natural capital must be preserved in a way that does not face unfavorable conditions and environmental degradation. The study aimed to identify the effective components of the realization of the ecological city in Bojnourd to achieve sustainable urban development, using new methods in the field of qualitative research using the Delphi interview and structural-interpretive model (ISM). According to this model, the components were classified into four levels, and component 12, i.e. "citizenship culture and lifestyle", has the most impact at the lowest level of this model. Finally, according to the analysis of penetration power and the degree of dependence in the form of MICMAC analysis, the components were located in districts two and three. The job opportunities tailored to indigenous cultural and biological contexts component is the only component of district 2, with high impact and low penetration power. The other components are located in area three, and any changes in these components will affect the other components and the feasibility system of the ecological city.

Today, environmental challenges and urban infrastructures have become important issues for urban planners, managers and those who are involved in urban issues. Various approaches have been proposed to achieve urban balance and sustainability, one of which is the ecological city. An ecological city is a city whose physical and economic structures have been formed with environmental considerations and are compatible with natural environmental conditions. The purpose of this study is to localize the ecological city model in order to achieve sustainable development in the city of Dorcheh. This research is considered as qualitative research in terms of paradigm, applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, analytical and exploratory in terms of nature. The method of data collection was documentary and field through interview tools with Delphi method. In this method, 30 experts and specialized people on urban issues were interviewed. The results show that the environmental dimension and its indicators have the highest frequency (5) and the highest average (4.22) among other dimensions and indicators of the ecological city of Dorcheh, followed by the economic dimension and the index. It is in the second place with frequency (4) and average (4.11). Therefore, in the proposed model of the ecological city, the indicators of these two dimensions should be in the planning priority of city managers; Also, EC and IES standards were used to localize the model of sustainable ecological city. Therefore, the indicators such as using the clean energy, green building, public pedestrian, and bicycle transport should be on the agenda of the urban planners and the managers to achieve an ecological city.

Problem: 

The environmental problems of the cities in the 21st century have caused instability in urban environments. Since the consequences of many human relationships with the environment and natural ecosystem have appeared nonlinearly, their cumulative effects can lead to the irreversibility of equilibrium conditions. Therefore, we must think of a solution as soon as possible to maintain survival and increase the stability and the balance of urban environments. Many different approaches have been proposed to achieve urban balance and sustainability, one of which is called ‘ecological city’.

 The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the effective factors in achieving an ecological city in the city of Dorcheh.

 The present study was an applied research based on a descriptive-analytical method and a quantitative research in terms of paradigm. The data collection was done via a documentary method by using a questionnaire. The statistical population included the citizens of Dorcheh City, who were more the 15 years old. The number of the citizens was 37367 in 2017, of whom 375 people were selected by cluster sampling. The validity of the questionnaire was formally confirmed by the urbanization experts from the perspective of urban planning and its reliability was corroborated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of more than 0.7. Finally, SPSS software was used for analyzing the data.

 The results of this study indicated that there were unity and relative homogeneity between the neighborhoods of Dorcheh City based on the ecological city indicators. Among the indicators used for Dorcheh City, environmental index provided a better situation for achieving an ecological city. There was also a significant difference between the citizens' willingness index and current status index. The citizens showed a high desire to create an ecological city.

Innovation: 

The most important innovation of this research was that it addressed the issue of the indigenous model of an ecological city and paid special attention to the role of citizen participation to realize the mentioned approach.

The city of Bojnourd is one of the cities that, due to the rapid, scattered and unbalanced growth of the new political and administrative roles and the sudden increase in urban population, is facing serious problems in various urban dimensions, especially in the current and future situation; The necessary policy and planning must be done by adopting the appropriate approach for its balanced and sustainable future development. In the present study, with descriptive-analytical and exploratory approach, first, the components of ecological city are extracted in five environmental, economic, social, managerial and physical categories in the form of 88 components and during the Delphi interview process, 16 priority components for localization in the city. Bojnourd was identified. In the second step, the prioritization of the components was done through the nominal group method and based on the comparison of its result with the Delphi result and the degree of their adaptability; the components were classified into three categories. The first floor, components with the highest adaptability, including components of improving waste and municipal wastewater, urban intelligence, utilization of public transport and clean energy, development of comprehensive, codified and integrated laws in the field of ecological, culture and style Citizen life is the existence of valuable cultural bodies in the old part of Bojnourd, controlling and managing suburbanization and informal settlements. Therefore, it is suggested that the role of these factors in the realization of the ecological city be examined and considered in future programs.