جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « استان قزوین » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

During the recent years, the dust phenomenon has grown significantly around the world following the occurrence of dry periods and the average increase in global temperature. Therefore, the regions located in the dry belt of the world have been more affected by this extreme phenomenon than other regions.The main goal of this research is to investigate the synoptic patterns and the role of regional circulation of the atmosphere in the production of local and regional dust in Qazvin province. It is internal and external, and in this research, it has been tried to investigate and analyze the different dimensions of regional and extra-regional dusts using methods and data with high resolution.In order to analyze dusty days in Qazvin province, two environmental and circulation databases were used. In this way, first, according to the meteorological data recorded in the ground level stations, the number of dust days was determined and then the circulation patterns that generated them were identified. The formation of environmental databases was done in such a way that the number of dusty days in the province in a 20-year period (2002 to 2021) for 5 Hamdid stations using the code of current weather phenomena (WW) of the country's meteorological organization (codes 6 and 30 to 35, which are related to dusty days) ) was determined in MATLAB software.In order to analyze synoptic patterns and the role of regional atmospheric circulation in local and regional dust production over Qazvin province in a 20-year period, the following results were obtained.- Station surveys during the statistical period showed that the majority of local and regional dust occurrences in the province are related to the hot period of the year and especially the summer season, which accounts for the largest amount of dust transmission in the region. On the other hand, the cold period of the year, especially winter, has the lowest percentage of dusty days in the province.- The results of the investigation of atmospheric circulation in the region for periods of intense and pervasive dust showed that 4 circulation patterns are the main cause of this phenomenon in Qazvin province. The mentioned patterns have a regional and extra-regional nature, and in this category, we can mention the high-altitude formation of a tropical front with a strong descent of air and an increase in negative relative humidity as a regional factor. Among the extra-regional factors, we can mention the downward expansion of the polar ice cap and the formation of deep troughs on the main sources of dust in the Middle East, which have created periods of intense and pervasive dust in the region.- The circulation of the lower level also showed that for the formation of dust in the region, southern currents were the main ones, although in some patterns, northern currents also carried dust particles. The increase in wind speed over the main sources of dust and on the other hand the increase in wind speed over Qazvin province also showed the interaction of sub-level pseudo-jets in the formation and transfer of dust particles.- The results of tracking dust particles indicated that the main source of dust in the region is Iraq and other dust producing sources in the region have a reinforcing effect. In such a way that the transport of particles with the monitoring of more than 48 hours in the region showed the existence of local currents which were at the heart of the circulation of the regional scale and caused the rise of dust from the country of Iraq. It is necessary to explain that sources such as the country of Turkmenistan have also played a role in the occurrence of intense and pervasive dust periods in the region, which aggravate the conditions during the combined process with the flow to the region. Among other sources of dust, we can mention the border areas of southwestern Iran, where the process of desertification in this area has caused it to become a focus for dust in the neighboring areas.- The results of the dust transfer volume showed that the highest AOD value is observed in the third pattern, during which in the range of the regional circulation of the atmosphere, the high-tropospheric system prevails and the interaction between the trajectories and the intensity Relative humidity can be an efficient tool in predicting very intense dust storms in the region. The atmospheric system that has the lowest concentration of particles in dust periods is the southward expansion of the polar ice cap and the formation of deep troughs over the dust centers of the Middle East, which was less intense than other atmospheric patterns.Based on the obtained results, it was observed that the internal foci also play an important role in the formation of dust periods, as mentioned by (Namdari et al., 2019). (Latfi Nasab et al., 1400) also showed that the formation of low-level jets played an important role in the transfer of dust in the region, and in this research it was also observed that the presence of strong low-level wind currents is one of the important factors in the formation of periods There is dust in the area.The circulation database includes geopotential height data of 500 hectopascal level, orbital and meridional wind components, which were used to determine the circulation pattern of dusty days. The statistical period of the circulation database is in accordance with the environmental database and data extraction was done through programming in the software environment (GrADS). The geographical area of circulation data is 0 to 60 degrees of latitude and 10 to 90 degrees of longitude. The upper atmosphere data were obtained from the European Medium-Term Weather Forecast Database (ECMWF) from the ERA5 data series with a resolution of 0.125 degrees.In order to extract dust generation patterns, factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to identify factors and categorize atmospheric patterns on geopotential height data of 500 hectopascals.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of rural -urban linkages and its impact on the rural economy through the development of tourism in Hesar Valiasr district (Avaj Township - Qazvin province). In this applied research we used descriptive -analytical method based on the analysis of official statistical data and questionnaire data. The statistical population of the study consists of heads of households living in villages with second tourist houses, which according to the population and housing census data (2016) amounted to 1163 cases, which was selected as a sample using Cochran's formula 285 cases. One -sample t -test and two -sample t -test were used to analyze the questionnaire data. The results of the analysis of official statistical data showed that the population of the sample villages had a decreasing trend until 2006 and after that in the period of 2011 and 2016 shows a significant increasing trend which can be reflected in the number of residential units in the Sample villages observed. The results of data analysis of the questionnaire showed that rural -urban linkges through improving communications and communication technologies, developing public infrastructure and increasing investment in rural areas with average values (4.36), (4.17) and (4.07) has had the greatest impact on the development of rural economy due to tourism. In addition, the results of the study of two groups of villages (located on the main axis of road communication and with a distance from the main road) in the study area showed that the two indicators "attraction of class and creative groups" and "general tourism infrastructure" "There are a significant difference between the two groups of studid rural.

The outbreak of an epidemic disease such as Covid-19 and the adoption of strict policies such as general quarantine, travel restrictions and social distancing led to a significant decrease in international and even interprovincial travel, and rural areas due to their attractiveness Natural and cultural tourism as cheap tourist destinations for spending leisure time and recreation have attracted the attention of domestic tourists. Therefore, the present research has investigated the role of rural transportation in the development of rural tourism in terms of economic indicators. The geographical area of the research is the touristic villages of Hesar Valiasr County (Avaj Township, Qazvin province) in the time horizon of the summer of 1400. The current research is of the type of applied research and the descriptive-analytical method used is based on the questionnaire tool. The statistical population of the research was 8 touristic villages of Hesar Valiasr County in Avaj Township, which according to the population and housing census data (2015) has 358 permanent resident households, using the Cochran formula (p and q equal to 0.5), the number of 190 cases was selected as a sample. To analyze the questionnaire data, one-sample t-tests, Pearson's correlation and linear multivariate regression were used. The results showed that in the economic dimension, the indicators of the increase in the construction of second homes for tourism (3.99) and the increase in investment and capital formation (3.69) received the most positive impact from the development of rural transportation. Also, the results of multivariable linear regression showed that rural transportation has a significant and positive effect on the development of tourism in economic dimensions with a determination coefficient of 0.846. So that, according to the beta values of one unit of change in the standard deviation of independent variable indicators such as "increase in the construction of second homes for tourism", "diversity of employment and income opportunities", "improvement of access to services", "Improvement of tourism infrastructure in the village" and "Increase of investment and capital formation in the village" as a result of the development of rural transportation, are respectively 0.401, 0.291, 0.333, 0.360 and 0.008 units in the development of rural tourism. The opinion of the respondents has a positive effect.

The development of pressurized irrigation with the goal of boosting irrigation productivity and efficiency is one of the measures to improve water management in the context of climate change. These projects have problems with the implementation process, which can be identified and resolved to improve the project's performance. In this regard, the current research aimed to discover solutions for improving the implementation of pressured irrigation projects in the province of Qazvin. The study's statistical population included all farmers who installed a pressurized irrigation system in their farms between 2015 and the end of 2018 (N = 477). According to the Krejcie and Morgan sampling table, the sample size was determind to be equal to 214 farmers (n = 214). A stratified proportionate sampling method was used to choose the number of farmers in each category (county), and a simple random sample method was used to select the farmers who were interviewed. The reliability of the main scale of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α =0.74), and the content validity was established using expert judgment. In the primary analysis, the KMO statistic was 0.829, and the Bartlett test were significant at the 1% level, indicating that the data were appropriate for factor analysis. According to the findings, the economic-supportive solution explained the most (17.16 percent) of the overall variance. In addition, measures to reduce administrative complexity (11.43 percent), extension-education programs (10.94 percent), monitoring-institutional initiatives (10.84 percent), and infrastructure-executive measures (9.77 percent) all played a role in explaining the overall variance in farmers' perceptions of improving the implementation of pressurized irrigation schemes.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of information and communication services offices (urban and rural communication and information technology) in economic development among users of Qazvin province. The method of this study is survey and quantitative, for which a questionnaire was used to collect information. The sample included 400 users of the urban and rural communication and information technology (Qazvin province) who have been selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research findings show that the villagers believe that the urban and rural offices of information and communication can have positive effects on different economic aspects. Also, the research findings indicate that there is a positive correlation between economic development and performance of the offices of information and communication services in urban and rural areas of Qazvin province (r = 0.46). In Qazvin province, there are correlations between economic development and variables of user awareness of the performance of ICT offices (r = 0.421), the use of sample individuals from ICT offices (r = 0.359), the access level of these individuals to the ICT offices (r = 0.58). In other words, by increasing the level of awareness, access, use of the services of the offices and the performance of ICT offices, the level of economic development will increase.

In order to manage their affairs in the best possible way, as well as to facilitate the provision of services and the exercise of sovereignty in all parts of the country, governments require the division of lands called "country subdivisions". Hence, every state should inevitably divide the country into smaller administrative units so that it can play a role in the exercise of sovereignty and the provision of public services. This division is sometimes based on history and culture, deprivation, geographical status, population, etc. and sometimes on political considerations. Accordingly, the present study sought to answer the following question: What are the factors affecting the promotion of the levels of national divisions in the two provinces of Semnan and Qazvin? This study was applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Data was compiled using three methods including library and internet, documentary and archives, and field survey.

Industrial clusters are related SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) concentrated in geographical areas which help regional development by promoting learning capacity. This development is due to intraction of four physical, economic, social- cultural and organizational proximity in industrial regions. According to above mentioned facts the main purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of industrial networking on learning promotion in “Qazvin” and “Arak” industrial regions (These two province are industrial poles in iran Specially in automobile industry). Research methodology that is applied in this research is descriptive, analytic and comparative. The results in this article are supported by systematic-stratified sampling, data gatherd by in-depth interviews and questionnaires.The results show that there is meaning full correlation between networking and its intensity that represent learning process in networks. Also, studding of industrial networks parameters influencing learning and network topology shows that there is correlation between network structure and learning (straight correlation).

Security means the ability of the community to maintain and enjoy the culture and values of society. To achieve security in the field of sustainable tourism, there are five major economic, social, cultural, regulatory and environmental issues. The purpose of this study was to identify and define the appropriate indicators and criteria for assessing security requirements with sustainable tourism approach in Qazvin province with the aim of explaining these obligations as missing loops in providing and managing security in attracting tourists and providing a new methodology framework By polling Delphi methodology experts and elites by answering the question of which security index is more credible, and what is the design process for designing appropriate security measures and indicators? The method of this research is based on descriptive-analytical and survey methods and using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In relation to the average analysis of the selected indicators, social security indicators with 8.12 points are more reliable among the security components of sustainable tourism. Indicators of cultural security, 7.97 environmental indicators, 7.87 economic indicators, 7.84 and finally, law enforcement with 7.79% of the rates are in the next ranks.

Due to the increasing population and urban development, locating suitable locations according to climatic parameters for constructing new towns is the concern of today's world. Locating is an activity in order to select a suitable location for a particular application by assessing and analyzing the spatial and non-spatial seating properties of a land. Hence, locating suitable areas according to climatic parameters for constructing new towns in Qazvin province is the main goal of the present study. The method of this study is to determine the importance and weight of climatic parameters using fuzzy-AHP and data from two questionnaires Delphi and pairwise comparison method. The susceptible areas in terms of climate conditions were identified in a case study in Qazvin province. Finally the results show that, according to climate conditions for creating new cities, 9.6 percent area of the province were located in the highly desirable region, 31.3 percent in favorable region, 40.7 percent in moderate region, 12.3 percent in undesirable region, and 9.1 percent in the complete undesirable region, respectively

A balanced and coordinated development of regions is an extremely important prerequisite for achieving a sustainable and uniformed progress of the country. In fact, proper and optimum distribution of facilities among different regions is among the most important factors preventing inequalities and development gap and leads to proper spatial distribution of population across the country. Culture is considered one of the main elements of development, which can improve the quality of life by satisfying the spiritual and material needs of human beings. The main goal of this research was to analyze the development level of the cities in Qazvin province regarding cultural facilities. A descriptive-analytical approach was used in this research. In order to determine the level of development in the cities, the PROMETHEE, VIKOR, and TOPSIS techniques were utilized. In addition, based on their development level, the cities were classified into three homogenous groups using cluster analysis method. The data was analyzed by SPSS and Excel software and land use maps were drawn using ARC GIS10 software. The results indicated that Qazvin and Alborz were the most privileged and semi-privileged cities of the province regarding the distribution of cultural facilities, respectively, while all other cities fell under the disadvantaged group. Finally, dispersion coefficient index was used to analyze the unbalanced distribution of the selected cultural indicators. The obtained results showed that mosques, hussainias, and institutes for the intellectual development of children had the highest unequal distribution and newsstands and movie theaters had the lowest unequal distribution. The results also indicated that the farther the cities from the capital of the province, the more deprived they were.

Due to water resource limitations on one hand and increasing depletion of groundwater resources worldwide on the other hand, there is a growing attention among urban and regional planners about balancing supply and demand. In this respect, it is recommended to use a multidimensional tool which links regional development to water resource. This paper aims to apply Water Poverty Index (WPI) which consists of five main components; resource, access, capacity, use, and environment; in order to compare different counties of Qazvin province. Results showed that southern part including Avaj, Takestan, and Buiin Zahra County have weaknesses in capacity (high rate of infant death and illiteracy) and environment component (high usage of fertilizer and toxin and low water quality). In contrast Qazvin County gained a good result because of rich water resources, and good situation in capacity and use component. Moreover, Alborz County, in the second rank, had a high access and environmental grade. Finally as a result of using SPSS software driving forces in province scale were found. Results showed that the two most significant components in this region are environment and capacity. Our findings lead to a better understanding of opportunities and threats in water issue and would be a useful tool for achieving a comprehensive and systematic view of a region in order to develop more water-oriented.

One of the factors influencing the development of a country is health services and treatment optimized. These services will be more favorable when they are more evenly distributed in different regions of the country and hence provide community satisfaction. The purpose of this study was the analysis of health inequality in Qazvin province. For this purpose, this study with a practical approach and a descriptive-analytic nature was carried out. The data collection was done through library study including the study of previous documents and the world health literature according to the Statistical Yearbook of Qazvin province in 2013. The data were then analyzed through fuzzy Electre and weighted sum models, Pearson correlation coefficient, Coefficient of Variation, and t-test. In order to do this, Excel and SPSS softwares were used to ensure accuracy in calculations. The calculations of fuzzy Electre method represented the superiority of Qazvin city with 5 scores over the other cities. Bouin Zahra with 4 scores, Takestan with 3 scores, Abyek with 2 scores, Alborz with 1 score, and Avaj with 0 score ranked second to sixth respectively. The Calculations of t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Coefficient of Variation also represented inequality between the cities and within them (cities and villages). Inequality in Qazvin province indicated the unjust distribution of health services as well as the distance from the two principles of provision and availability - between and within the cities.

Space and the people are within the territorial sovereignty of a country's political system. Spaceand services for governments and people in space hierarchy are incorporated inappropriate administrative organization. Political organization of space in the form of a stage performance is considered as one of the most important parts of the division. The overall objective of the divisions can be appropriate framework for the continuation of national survival, national security, public safety, balanced development of regional units. On the other hand, indicators such as good access to services for residents in the political unit and the morale of public participation can create a secure environment for residents and expand the state's sovereignty.The underlying cause for this is an opportunity for public security. To prevent the eradication of poverty in the areas, and harmonious development of the same area is essential to benefit all areas of the facilities and growth. To provide facilities and efforts for social welfare of people in different areas it is necessary to consider developing regions. In a land of justice, proportionate and fair distribution of wealth, resources, and technologies must be consideredin different regions. The injuries can be cause regional imbalances, unemployment and poverty, regional and ethnic discontent. These can create security problems for the country.

This study sought to evaluate the assumptions by descriptive method based on the reasoning and analysis. Method of collecting data and information using various methods is generally based on field study and library. Classifying the data is mainly using analytical - descriptive analysis.

General consensus to provide a clear definition of both development and public safety issue is obviously difficult. It is the most important issues in society today, "along with the development of public safety". But the question for us is that the plan would be: public safety, which is developed, how it is achieved? Indeed, if development plans go forward regardless of social and cultural aspects, in the near future it will be faced with serious and complex crisis and seizures as risk factors in the community. The people and their livelihoods and social practices including the distribution of opportunities and possibilities for economic and social development and public safety are issues that should be studied.. However, the regional disparities can result in political instability - and hospital security for the development of critical areas for centralized\ administration is inconvenient. However, spatial inequalities in economic and social welfare, the development and continuing immigration will be from poor or poorer to richer areas. Thus, governments are forced to intervene to mitigate regional disparities.

Qazvin Province, which is known as the gate to paradise, has recorded more than a thousand historical monuments; it contains twelve percents of total historical monuments being the first in rank in the country. Using thermal comfort index of (PMV) in 11 weather stations inside and around Qazvin province, the tourism climate in different weather conditions is studied. The results show that comfort conditions are dominant among months of the year except December, January and February. The sunny and calm weather conditions are an extent thermal comfort all year round. In addition, maximum extent of climatic comfort conditions belong to the months of March, April and November in the sunny weather and calm, cloudy and calm occurs. Comfort conditions usually occur in areas of the province that have the highest rate of natural, historical and cultural tourist attractions.

Population growth and immigration are major causes of the most social changes in rural areas. Accordingly، political change in a country is inevitable. So، this issue of Iran’s rural settlements adopted and evolves. The rural habitations with population changes، the intensity of the positive effects of decentralization are receiving. Your changes have been noted as being the basis for the development of rural settlements. The villages and rural settlements are always in transition. Rural settlements have always been the mainstream of economic and social developments and during historical areas have experienced different geographical ups and downs in the country which is a result of local and metropolitan planning. The discussion on the development of rural settlements is directly dependant to severability of programs and strategies، hence we should specify which one of the possible consequences of the development policies are positive; And because the of rural planning pattern is based on national and macro policies، therefore it should be pointed out that the patterns of service delivery as well as the strategies of the countries planning are divided into two categories of centralized and decentralized. Centralized category is focused on top-down policies and policies in a diverse decentralized fashion of the patterns. On the basis of this strategic، planning model is more operational and applicable in Iran that their position in checking a program includes countless flaws. Such flaws، are more obvious in the system of service to the villages. Flaws of type in planning cause damages to social and economical fields of countryside. As well as genesis and formation of new provinces in Iran، due to population growth and its concentration in specific cities، also due to lack of services، there will be deprivation. Discussed long-term deprivation provides، the most severe negative consequences on the body of society and causes deterioration of the rural settlement. Their national and regional imbalances and the lack of justice in the provinces lead to physical and service damages. On this basis، Qazvin province، in 1997، was born in Iran''s political map with focus policies applied in the form of tools to formation of the new province. On one hand، it shows assignment of authorities of local powers، and on the other hand provides the creation of opportunities and also evokes the openings of small parts for the following new provincial divisions to be able to use these opportunities in order to strengthen the foundations of rural productivity increase. With these premises and the theory، library also field studies، this article is willing to focus on explaining the policies of rural settlements aids Qazvin province and has tried to answer this fundamental question that the basic policies of the decentralization of country''s center in the form of a new province (Qazvin) provides what positive effects in the rural settlements in a way that the positive consequences of raising the quality of rural people’s life in the province have been positive effects and lead to a major qualitative and quantitative changes. Therefore، the order of present study utilizes a triple conversation (political، administrative and financial) in the form of a variety of Likert scope and utilizes a retrospective panel-based measurement method for two periods before and after becoming a province and with the use of random sampling with Cochran formula class. Desired information has been collected and been analyzed. The information obtained from three levels of administrators، and village councils and Islamic communities of 45 village is done by questionnaire techniques in Qazvin province and has been reviewed by with T-tests and time series. It has been expressing various aspects of major developments in the trilogy after the province creation so raised positive effects and progress to villages and people to the extent of the benefit of services provided. It is worth noting that the political focus promotion is not fully executable but has been able to provide groundwork to increased development. While trying to protect and sustain this kind of political changes in the province atmosphere، the main obstacles of social and political phenomenon is studied. In the future، efficiency and equity objectives may spread in all geographical areas. Such programs are an approach to develop villages and increase people satisfaction in out of reach areas.

Many researchers believe that economic and social poverty among rural households that are real manifestations of malnutrition، illiteracy، unemployment، lack of suitable level of health، improper quality of substructures، and unsafe residence is the result of applying the centralism policies in developing countries. It seems that rural poverty in most of the developing countries has a close relationship with official، financial and political centralism and applying these kinds of policies will amplify the requirements in the rural areas. The policy that has been damned to failure and resulted in the formation of a new subject called decentralization has become an accelerated method for rural development. Along these two recent decades، the subject of promoting the political management levels of geographical spaces in the form of formation of new province has been the indication of applying the decentralization policies، applying policies that have been has different economical، social and physical effects especially in rural residence levels. So، researchers are trying not only to explain the role of changing the political space management levels. In the form of formation of new provinces in the process of applying the anti – decentralization policies in the Qazvin but also to answer this crucial question that what a development effects does this strategy have has in the economical، social and physical dimensions in rural areas of Qazvin? So the researchers with use of economical، social and physical explanations in the of Likert spectrum and with applying the retrospective panel design based on outlook assessment in the two periods before and after Qazvin become province with use of Cochran formula and random classification method among 450 households that live in rural centres and in 45 villages form 5 county of Qazvin province، understand that the procedure of rural areas changes in all the economical، social and physical fields with centralization of framework dimension form sample society point of view has been positive and has been accompanied by decrease of negative elements. Although the formation of new provinces hasn’t been in the form giving the power and authority in the form of local governments and we just faced with official and financial decentralism in the province level، so it seems that the present movement is a fundamental step in decrease of government presence in the local levels and could provide positive and meaningful effects in rural areas.

Proper industrial sitting for preventing probable environmental constraints and alsosustainable and deserve use of whole land facilities is an important concept that manyIranian organizations are nowadays interested in.As a matter of fact industrial spatial planning can be considered as a giant leap inenvironment and industrial development in the country and correct and logical growthof city and rural areas. With respect to these objectives and removing the concentrationof industries in Tehran, industrial site selection in province of Ghazvin has been doneby systematical analysis method, based on Boolean Algebra in the 1:250000 scale,using map overlaying method.So environmental resources were studied, analyzed, classified in 2 categories:Ecologic and Social-Economic, then measuring the ecological capacity of the land wasdone after overlaying the layers in GIS. As a result after removing areas in whichindustrial plantation was prohibited, 2 areas with the capacity of 1 and 11 areas withthe capacity of 2 were selected.At last, prioritizing of the sites was done in a quantitative way by considering socioeconomicalcharacteristics in GIS. finally sites with priority of 1 up to 4 wererecognized. As a result industrial development with respect to environmental and socioeconomical criteria can be done in these areas. The proposal of locating industries inthe industrial estates and eco industrial parks will give rise to the environmentalconservation concepts.