جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « جنوب کرمان » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Global warming has occurred in recent decades, and its warming trend will continue due to increasing concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases from human activities. Changes in the average rainfall in many areas have also been recorded in connection with global warming due to rising atmospheric humidity. Climate change is another threat to the security of water resources. Therefore, climate change has a significant impact on the hydrological cycle on a global and local scale. The issue of understanding climate change is of particular importance for areas dependent on seasonal water availability and areas exposed to vulnerable climates. On the other hand, Iranchr('39')s geographical location in the subtropical region has caused it to be located in the dry belt of the world. Due to this geographical location, the average rainfall in Iran (255 mm) is much lower than the global average (860 mm). A noteworthy point about Iranchr('39')s rainfall, in addition to low rainfall, is its high variability. On the other hand, in the last century, global climate change has been reflected in increasing temperatures, increasing precipitation changes, and decreasing glacial and snow regions.

This study was conducted in the southern region of Kerman. In this study, the first daily temperature and rainfall data of Jiroft and Kahnooj synoptic stations were prepared by the Kerman Meteorological Organization to investigate climate change during the period (1989-2017). After collecting data, SDSM4.5 software was used to study climate change and the trend of these changes.

The results of the performance of the CanESM2 model for its ability to microscale exponential parameters of precipitation and average temperature during the base period indicate that this model has a high capability in simulating climate change in the south of Kerman province for the period (2050-2021 and 2080-2021) .According to the exponential microscale results, the average temperature has the best performance relative to the daily precipitation, which can be one of the reasons that the temperature changes relative to the precipitation change over a period of time, while the precipitation parameter fluctuates widely. According to the three evaluation criteria of NSE, RMSE, and R2, the performance of the CanESM2 model is in a very good and good class. The results show that the temperature changes in both periods and both stations are incremental. However, the changes in rainfall in each of the scenarios did not follow a specific rule and are increasing and decreasing.The results show that the average temperature during the period (2050-2021) in Jiroft synoptic station indicates that under the scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5, respectively, 1.63, 1.61 and It rises to 2.06 ° C. These temperature changes in the period (2080-2051) are also positive. Following the mentioned scenarios, the temperature will increase by 2.02, 2.88, and 4.23 ° C. The results of temperature change and precipitation in the base period (1989-2017) showed that in the base period for synoptic stations of Jiroft and Kahnooj, the temperature parameter due to the P-value value is less than 0.05, which means that this trend also includes Kendallchr('39')s tau and age line slope. The trend of temperature changes in the future in both stations is significant and indicates an increase in temperature in the future. Also, changes in precipitation in the base period in Jiroft synoptic station are without trend.On the other hand, these changes in Kahnooj synoptic station are significant and decreasing. In the next period, rainfall in Jiroft synoptic station is without trend. The results also show that only in the period (2080-2051) in the RCP4.5 scenario in Kahnooj station, its precipitation trend is significant and decreasing.

In the present study, to study climate change in the south of Kerman province, the model of the fifth report of the International Board of Climate Change CanESM2 and new release scenarios in the next two periods (2080-2051 and 2050-2021) were used. Also, to clarify the trend of annual changes in temperature and precipitation components as inputs of hydrological models, a non-parametric Mann-Kendall test was used. The results of evaluating the accuracy of the CanESM2 model showed that this model has good accuracy in both temperature and precipitation components in both synoptic stations.. On the other hand, the trend of temperature changes in the future indicates that temperature changes have had an increasing trend.

The soil is one of the most important factors of production that has a great influence on human economic and social life. The surface of the earth is generally covered by soil and other surface deposits. Soil erosion is one of the most important problems and problems we face today. Increasing exploitation and lack of proper human management of the natural environment have a great effect on the intensification of soil degradation and erosion processes. In this research, the effective parameters analysis of erosion and sediment production in Dakehah basin with a total area of 9923.2 ha in southern Kerman province was studied using the Revised Universal Soil Erosion Model (RUSLE). Data and tools used in the research include data from meteorological stations, digital elevation model (DEM), ETM 2015 satellite imagery, GIS and remote sensing (RS) It should be. By studying the effective factors in this model, which includes rainfall erosivity factor, soil erodibility factor, topographic factor, and vegetation, the purpose of this study is to estimate the annual soil erosion in the study area. The erosion rate of the basin is estimated. Accordingly, annual soil erosion in the whole study area is estimated at 67 tons per hectare per year. The results of this study show that the highest effect on the estimation of erosion, a topographic factor with the highest coefficient of explanation was 92.6 In this research, the effectiveness of RUSLE technologies of annual soil erosion is confirmed by the new model of GIS and remote sensing for quantitative estimation of soil erosion values.

The use of unconditional production inputs to increase performance over the last decade which leads to the degradation of the environment and human health, has underscored the importance of sustainable agriculture and continued production along with the preservation of natural resources. In this regard, identifying the barriers and challenges of sustainable agricultural development seems essential. In fact, agricultural planners and policy makers can use them to plan for sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, in this research, this issue has been investigated in southern Kerman province, which has a significant share in agricultural production. In this survey research, the statistical population consisted of all farmers who were selected as a sample farmer in 2001-2017 by the Agricultural Jihad of south of Kerman province (N = 374). The data were gathered through a questionnaire and library studies. In order to determine the validity of the content, the experts used the Cronbach's alpha (0.81) to verify the reliability of the instrument. However, to analyze the data were analyzed by SPSS18 and LISREL8.5 using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in the present study. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that 5 factors, Supportive, research-promotion, market and product, technical, technological, and cultural-social, respectively, were 19.9, 18.6, 14.5, 10.4 and 7.3 percent of the variance, in which 70/90 percent of the total variance of the sustainable development challenges in the south of Kerman province is explained. We call development "sustainable" times that are not destructive and provide the opportunity to preserve resources, including water, soil, genetic resources, herbs and animals. In sustainable development, the principle is that basic natural resources are protected in such a way that future generations can at least produce and consume the current generation. The southern province of Kerman, with its significant share of agricultural production in the country, continues to use the principles and methods based on the Green Revolution in its agricultural activities. This has led to the concerns about the negative effects of modern agriculture on human health, the environment and natural resources. In recent decades, in response to these concerns, the development and application of a new form of agriculture to sustainable agriculture has been considered. One of the measures that was considered essential for sustainable development in agriculture was to identify and investigate the challenges and obstacles it faces to the elite farmers in the region, which is the aim of the present study. The statistical population of the study includes the top farmers of Agriculture - Jihad Organization in Jiroft, Kahnouj, Anbarabad, Faryab, South Roodbar, Manoujan, Qaleh Ganj areas in the South of Kerman province during the years 2001-2017. 374 people were present who were interviewed but we succeeded to collect 320 questionnaires. The data gathering tool in this research was a questionnaire with two parts of individual and professional information and challenges of sustainable development in the south of Kerman province. Major challenges to sustainable agriculture development were extracted from previous research and allocation opinions and were given to elite farmers to express their opinions. In order to determine the validity of the content, a preliminary questionnaire was given to the experts and made the necessary reviews and corrections. In order to calculate the reliability of the Cronbach's alpha method, the pre-test of sustainable agriculture challenges scale was 0.81, indicating an appropriate reliability of the research tool. In this research, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods were used by spss18 and Lisrel 8.8 software. In the first stage, the data analysis was used for exploratory factor analysis. The KMO coefficient and Bartlett statistics were used from the perspective of farmers in southern Kerman province to determine the suitability of the data collected in the context of factor analysis of the challenges of producing sustainable products. The value of this coefficient was 0.76, which indicates that the correlations between the data are suitable for exploratory factor analysis. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that five extracted factors, Supportive, research-extension, market input and product, Technical and technological problems, cultural and social problems with special value, 3.6, 5.9, 4.6, 3.2 and 3.2, respectively, were 19.9, 18.6, 14.5, and 4, respectively. 10/7/7% of the variance, and, in total, 90/70% of the variance of the total sustainable development challenges in the south of Kerman province. In the second stage, the confirmatory factor analysis was used. The results of the fitting indices, standard factor loads, t and P-values ​​indicated that the model fitted and verified the results of the exploratory factor analysis. Due to the global importance to transfer from traditional agriculture to sustainable one, it is necessary to recognize the barriers and challenges of sustainable agricultural development. In fact, this way can pave the way for the planners and managers of the agricultural, environmental and health sectors. In this research, five categories of the most important challenges of sustainable development of agriculture were identified in southern Kerman province. The most important of them are policy and management challenges.  Supportive challenges are the lack of appropriate insurance for products, lack of incentive rules for farmers to use sustainable farming principles, unproductive import of crops with similar domestic production, poor enforcement for agricultural development programs in sustainable agriculture development. Establishing appropriate policies to support and support producers, they maintain the ability to produce high quality and quantity, which can focus on the production of healthy products for the sustainability of production units in each of the three, including the economic, social and environmental dimension. Therefore, policymakers in the country and the region do not provide the required policies for this sector by establishing a national document on sustainable development in agriculture.

This study aimed to find out the performance of Rural Production Cooperatives (RPCs) towards agricultural development and to determine factors that are most likely key determinants of the performance of RPCs in the south of Kerman Province. A survey method was conducted with a sample of RPC members in the area. Based on the critical random sampling, out of 13 active and successful cooperatives, one was chosen. Fifty members of the selected cooperative were randomly selected. The data were collected by questionnaire. A panel of experts confirmed the face validity of the questionnaire and its reliability was tested by using a sample of 15 farmers in an RPC outside the study area. The Cronbach α coefficient (more than 0.70 for all dimensions) were confirmed the questionnaire. Findings revealed the desirable performance of PRCs. Furthermore, 6 components of the performance (pre-cultivation, cultivation, husbandry, harvest, post-harvest stages, and extension services) were placed in a medium position. The results of hierarchical regression indicated that the models were able to explain a high percentages of variability in performance of RPC. Among the variables postulated in the model, “free agricultural machines”, “how to deal with the villagers”, “the level of education of members and the director”, “giving credits and loans to cooperative” and “job satisfaction of the director” had a significant influence on the performance of RPC regarding agricultural development.

One of the security challenges of Iran is collective contacts, in regions that have a tribal structure socially, and insecurity is very much it this places, for example is collective struggles and tribal contacts. Trustworthy system -that had a great role in context of security in these geographical spaces- changed in recent years so this changes have straight effects on the security status in this regions. Question of this research is what are the characteristics of tribal and trustworthy structure in south Kerman, and what are these changes? Aim of this research is assessment of tribal system and role of trustworthy system of security in south Kerman. Method of data collection is questionnaire, and used from quality and quantity methods for the analyze data. Correlation and on sample t-test used for the analyze data in this research. Sample consists of 33 individual of local people, 13 individual of Confidantes and 386individual of other people. Results showed structural of tribal is regenerating so it destructed in some of tribes, and it continues in some of tribes from the other hand. Results of Quantity analysis showed the most important reasons of struggle and insecurity are quality of actions of juridical and security powers and weak social values.