جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Problems » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Lack of housing and its low quality has always been one of the main problems in Iran. The growth of the countrychr('39')s population in recent decades, extensive displacements, and the improper adopted policies and management in this area have caused problems that demand serious attention. The present study aimed to identify and prioritize the housing problems by the Delphi method and Shannon technique.

This research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods based on a consecutive analytical and exploratory strategy conducted in 2019 with the opinion of 10 senior managers and officials and seven university professors aware of the field of housing in Mashhad. A combination of the Delphi method and Shannon entropy technique was used to analyze the data.

A model with four components of design, managerial, implementation, and economic and 32 indicators was developed that using the Shannon technique, the design component with a weight of 0.03133 placed in the first rank, the managerial component with a weight of 0.03127 was in the second rank, the economic component with a weight of 0.03126 was in the third rank, and the implementation component with a weight of 0.03108 was in the fourth rank.

The components of design and management deserve more serious attention than other components. Also, among the 32 indicators examined, "impossibility of owning housing and renting", "worn-out residential fabric", "lack of flexibility in the building", "lack of effective planning in mass production and industrial production", and "lack of attention to building sustainability approaches and using clean energy " are the most critical problems in the field of housing from experts, respectively.

The use of unconditional production inputs to increase performance over the last decade which leads to the degradation of the environment and human health, has underscored the importance of sustainable agriculture and continued production along with the preservation of natural resources. In this regard, identifying the barriers and challenges of sustainable agricultural development seems essential. In fact, agricultural planners and policy makers can use them to plan for sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, in this research, this issue has been investigated in southern Kerman province, which has a significant share in agricultural production. In this survey research, the statistical population consisted of all farmers who were selected as a sample farmer in 2001-2017 by the Agricultural Jihad of south of Kerman province (N = 374). The data were gathered through a questionnaire and library studies. In order to determine the validity of the content, the experts used the Cronbach's alpha (0.81) to verify the reliability of the instrument. However, to analyze the data were analyzed by SPSS18 and LISREL8.5 using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in the present study. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that 5 factors, Supportive, research-promotion, market and product, technical, technological, and cultural-social, respectively, were 19.9, 18.6, 14.5, 10.4 and 7.3 percent of the variance, in which 70/90 percent of the total variance of the sustainable development challenges in the south of Kerman province is explained. We call development "sustainable" times that are not destructive and provide the opportunity to preserve resources, including water, soil, genetic resources, herbs and animals. In sustainable development, the principle is that basic natural resources are protected in such a way that future generations can at least produce and consume the current generation. The southern province of Kerman, with its significant share of agricultural production in the country, continues to use the principles and methods based on the Green Revolution in its agricultural activities. This has led to the concerns about the negative effects of modern agriculture on human health, the environment and natural resources. In recent decades, in response to these concerns, the development and application of a new form of agriculture to sustainable agriculture has been considered. One of the measures that was considered essential for sustainable development in agriculture was to identify and investigate the challenges and obstacles it faces to the elite farmers in the region, which is the aim of the present study. The statistical population of the study includes the top farmers of Agriculture - Jihad Organization in Jiroft, Kahnouj, Anbarabad, Faryab, South Roodbar, Manoujan, Qaleh Ganj areas in the South of Kerman province during the years 2001-2017. 374 people were present who were interviewed but we succeeded to collect 320 questionnaires. The data gathering tool in this research was a questionnaire with two parts of individual and professional information and challenges of sustainable development in the south of Kerman province. Major challenges to sustainable agriculture development were extracted from previous research and allocation opinions and were given to elite farmers to express their opinions. In order to determine the validity of the content, a preliminary questionnaire was given to the experts and made the necessary reviews and corrections. In order to calculate the reliability of the Cronbach's alpha method, the pre-test of sustainable agriculture challenges scale was 0.81, indicating an appropriate reliability of the research tool. In this research, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods were used by spss18 and Lisrel 8.8 software. In the first stage, the data analysis was used for exploratory factor analysis. The KMO coefficient and Bartlett statistics were used from the perspective of farmers in southern Kerman province to determine the suitability of the data collected in the context of factor analysis of the challenges of producing sustainable products. The value of this coefficient was 0.76, which indicates that the correlations between the data are suitable for exploratory factor analysis. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that five extracted factors, Supportive, research-extension, market input and product, Technical and technological problems, cultural and social problems with special value, 3.6, 5.9, 4.6, 3.2 and 3.2, respectively, were 19.9, 18.6, 14.5, and 4, respectively. 10/7/7% of the variance, and, in total, 90/70% of the variance of the total sustainable development challenges in the south of Kerman province. In the second stage, the confirmatory factor analysis was used. The results of the fitting indices, standard factor loads, t and P-values ​​indicated that the model fitted and verified the results of the exploratory factor analysis. Due to the global importance to transfer from traditional agriculture to sustainable one, it is necessary to recognize the barriers and challenges of sustainable agricultural development. In fact, this way can pave the way for the planners and managers of the agricultural, environmental and health sectors. In this research, five categories of the most important challenges of sustainable development of agriculture were identified in southern Kerman province. The most important of them are policy and management challenges.  Supportive challenges are the lack of appropriate insurance for products, lack of incentive rules for farmers to use sustainable farming principles, unproductive import of crops with similar domestic production, poor enforcement for agricultural development programs in sustainable agriculture development. Establishing appropriate policies to support and support producers, they maintain the ability to produce high quality and quantity, which can focus on the production of healthy products for the sustainability of production units in each of the three, including the economic, social and environmental dimension. Therefore, policymakers in the country and the region do not provide the required policies for this sector by establishing a national document on sustainable development in agriculture.

Trying to have a national land use plan over the past years has always faced numerous challenges and challenges. The experience of planning the land plot in Iran confirms the overwhelming events and decisions in conceptual, theoretical, technical, procedural, procedural, organizational and legal aspects that sometimes lead to this and sometimes in the direction It has been driven to isolate and deviate from the mainstream, and not even run it. The purpose of this article is to study the obstacles and bottlenecks of the country's land and the role of these barriers in the limitations and shortcomings of the country's development plans, which has led to the formation of regional imbalances in the country. Research method is analytical-exploratory. In this research, resources are collected through library resources as well as general population and housing surveys, land acquisition plans. The surveyed indicators are 40 economic, social, institutional and executive indicators that use the Network Analysis Model (ANP) to investigate the barriers and bottlenecks of the country's land use and the extent of the impact of each barrier on the level of development in the regions of the country. Also, the results of the network analysis model indicate that institutional indicators with the value of 0.059 have the most role in the bottlenecks of the country's land plot design. The modeling of the structural equations of the constraints of the country's land borders also shows that the effects of institutional barriers on land plot design in the country with a direct and positive coefficient of 0.98, which has the power to explain the changes in the economic and social indicators of the country.

According to World Tourism Organization reports, revenue from tourism is rising with a high speed and it can be a big step for areas with natural and tourist attractions. The unique features of geographical, ecological, mountain attractions, water resources, forest of Chahar Mahal & Bakhtiari province attracts many tourists to this region. The aim of this study is developing a system model for analysis of different views on the obstacles and problems of tourism in Dimeh village as a rural tourism site in Koohrang County in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province in expert's viewpoint related to the tourism sector, key people in villages and inside and outside tourists in the province be present in tourism centers and villages.
This Study is qualitative research and for analyzing the data in this study, the grounded theory was used. The study population consisted of three categories of research about rural tourism officials and inside and outside the province tourists and the third category of cultural heritage experts. Sampling was completely purposeful (snowball method) then conducted in-depth interviews, focused interviews, structured and semi-structured interview and eventually reach the theory saturation, data collection and coding procedures and data analysis of the content analysis was performed. Based on the grounded theory, after collecting information from the study population, we reviewed and analyzed recorded video tapes, interviews, photos and manuscripts were discussed. After reviewing several times, extra points, redundant and unrelated matters to the subject removed and key statements were obtained in the form of codes and concepts (the first stage: encoded open). In axial coding, data are compared with each other in an ongoing process until after the opening encoded link between the categories specified. In axial coding, developed classes and each class is composed of the following classes that are related to each of them is determined. Selection coding is a combination of selective coding classes for the initial formation of research framework. At this phase, we combined previously coded sentences to understand the relationship between them and then conceptual model outlined.
The results of this study was to extract the conceptual model of problems of the tourist village of Dimeh that showed village has infrastructure problems, health, cultural attractions pale, lack of understanding of tourism, lack of motivation of local officials, lack of planning, research and monitoring, problems related to human resources, tourism problems and issues and problems related to government and handicraft problems.
Since Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province in the field of tourism and ecotourism is among the five top provinces and annually receives a large number of tourists (especially in spring and summer), Therefore, more attention to removing the barriers identified in this research model to improve the situation of the village, systemic approach studies to further investment in infrastructure, help to local people's participation, marketing, attention to handicrafts and future research on different aspects of rural tourism, to strengthen these categories in order to benefit more villagers recommended. The deployment of emergency teams, containers of aid, the timely collection of garbage, increasing the number of trash cans, the use of trained human resources, extension training with a focus on marketing and, the government's attention to this topic for the sale of food, beverages and crafts is beneficiary.

There are a lot of problems in rural areas of Iran and villages located in Marvdasht;one of them is unemployment of the youth,especially educated ones. Ignorance about the problem during the past years has made the youth immigrate to cities in Fars province and has made them to have unsuitable jobs. The study has been carried out to identify obstacle to the establishment and development of entrepreneurship in rural areas of Marvdasht. The period of time which is used in the study is within 2014-2015. The methods used in the study for data analysis, are strategic planning and using SWOT. The data collection for the study has been done by interview and brainstorming, due to the nature of the subject and illiteracy in rural areas. The results of the study show that two categories of factors play important roles in development of entrepreneurship in these areas. The first category is internal factors in the village. And the second category is related to function of the economic system (stagflation.),which has created many problems for development of entrepreneurship. Finally,there are some recommendations for removing obstacles to development of entrepreneurship in rural areas of Marvdasht and establishment of employment opportunities in these areas

As the main area for both living and activities of people، urban spaces are facing various physical، managerial، social and cultural issues and the like which arise from the negligence of the basic needs of the diverse classes of the community in planning and designing such spaces. Lack of sufficient attention to the fundamental features of an ideal urban space including security and welfare، liveliness and the like by the urban planners and failing to consider the people''s opinions and needs in designing and developing urban environments have driven us to the point where we witness improper and vulnerable spaces which are followed by dissatisfaction of the users. The principal objective of the current research، upon examining the urban spaces as well as the issues and obstacles surrounding them and analyzing an ideal urban space، is to introduce and implement an appropriate and feasible approach through which the existing and the potential problems concerning urban spaces could be analyzed and identified and in order to prevent the occurrence of the potential problems in the future before they are experienced by the citizens، some corrective measures and constructive proposals are to be provided. The FMEA technique is of the noticeable approaches in the field of industry، the base of which is achieving an ideal quality. This approach lays the stress on identifying the errors and preventing the likely problems and also finding the most cost-effective solutions and constructive proposals regarding both applying and implementing this approach in the field of urban planning via combining and adjusting it with magnificent concepts in the urban planning science، it could bring along new solutions for urban issues and prevent their occurrence in the urban spaces. By implementing the FMEA technique in Daneshjoo Park of Tehran intending to identify and remove its problem، upon combining and adjusting this method with the urban concepts، it was proven that these findings could be utilized in the field of urban planning، investigating، preventing and solving the problems of urban spaces.

Today, with an increasingly global population, agricultural production systems should meet the growing needs of food by using the new technologies. Increases in the level of production have inevitably resulted in some environmental issues. Addressing these problems require the application of organic farming as a sustainable way of agriculture system which possesses many promised advantages. However, the development of this agricultural system faces many obstacles regarding farmers. This study aimes to qualitatively analyze the barriers and problems with respect to development of organic farming. Interviews was conducted with emphasis on Focus Group Discussion (24 Organic Growers) in Darrehshahr county (Ilam Province). Data analysis were done via both application of qualitative research method, clustering and categorizing gathered data. This study suggests that obstacles such as infrastructure, economic, lack of knowledge and awareness, technical and managerial supports, motivational and attitudinal issues were the main barriers and problems regarding the development of organic farming. These results can help agricultural planners and policy makers to improve and accelerate the development of organic farming as well as producing healthy crops.

There have been more than 10000 Afghan immigrants in Zabol city for more than 25 years. The importance of this phenomenon required us to study its time, population influences and current and future consequences. This immigration has caused lots of problems for this city and this study aims at finding the problems and consequently providing effective solutions to the problems caused by this social- political phenomenon. This study is experimental using the common research designs in the field of geography.