جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « domestic tourists » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

This study aims to the impact of tourism destinations social responsibilities on the their brand equity from domestic tourists’ perspectives in tabriz city has been done in the summer of 2019. This research, in terms of purpose is functional and based on data collection, is descriptive survey. Also, It has been used structural equation modeling through the Smart Pls software to analyze data. The statistical population of this study includes domestic tourism who have traveled to Tabriz city in the summer of 2019.The data required for this research has gathered by questionnaire with Simple random sampling method through domestic tourism in the city of Tabriz. Since the size of the population is unknown, the Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size, which is 384.The provided results indicate that tourism destinations social responsibilities Tabriz city on the their brand equity and each of its dimensions has a significant and positive impact.

Tourism managers in Mashhad claim that the city's tourism planning process is now emphasizing on the revealed needs rather than expressed needs, and this has increased the satisfaction of tourists in the city. In order to test this assumption, the purpose of this survey was to determine the degree of satisfaction with the quality of services provided in the city. The research method is descriptive and analytical. The required information was obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire from a sample of 670 people. Collected data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman, Chi-square and single-sample t-tests. The findings indicate that tourists are largely satisfied with the socio-cultural and environmental conditions and infrastructural facilities and tourists with different educational backgrounds have the same views regarding satisfaction of tourism conditions. Also, there is no significant relationship between the length of stay of tourists and their level of satisfaction with tourism conditions. The level of satisfaction of domestic tourists is high with respect to the host society and there is a significant difference between the attitudes of tourists in this regard. Moreover, tourists with different educational backgrounds have different views on how to deal with the host community. Based on these results, the authorities' claims regarding the evolution of the service delivery system to tourists cannot be ignored.

Essentially, when destination/place marketers employ a similar, yet simple strategy, they may underestimate the issues related to the establishment and formation of place branding; meanwhile, places and locations are faced with a broad range of target groups whose understanding of the place are completely different, mostly shaped by stereotypical imaginations and clichés. Nevertheless, residents are of a deeper awareness on the place, which is contrary to the simple messages, they use to introduce the place. Simplified messages lead to weaker identification and improper behavior (negative word-of-mouth advertising) of residents against tourists. The present study seeks to identify the positive results of place identification and how this very concept along with word-of-mouth advertising could be improved through brand complexity. In terms of purpose, the present inquiry is an applied study; and since it is attempted to describe the status of the society through field survey, it is descriptive-survey research. As for data collection and evaluation of various aspects of the model, the questionnaire instrument was used. The population of the study includes the entire residents of Kerman city in all four districts as well as the entire domestic tourists entering the city for a 1-month period since 21/3/2017 until 20/4/2017 (Nowruz celebration). Given the purpose of the study, which involves a comparative approach, the sample population in both groups should be considered as equal. Subsequently, the sample population was calculated as 384 people using Cochran’s formula, and the number of data analyzed was 460. Since a standardized questionnaire by Zenker, Braun & Petersen (2017) was used, there is no need to confirm its content validity. The outlook and behavior of residents and domestic tourists are examined in the following with a focus on these hypotheses:The complexity of place branding influences word-of-mouth advertising through place satisfaction and the moderating role of residents.
The complexity of place branding influences word-of-mouth advertising through place satisfaction and the moderating role of domestic tourists.
The complexity of place branding influences word-of-mouth advertising through place identification and the moderating role of residents.
Overall, the present study seeks to achieve the following purposes The impact of place branding on word-of-mouth advertisement with respect to the moderating roles of residents and domestic tourists In the first stage, the relation between the complexity of the city brand through satisfaction and identification were confirmed and its impact through commitment is rejected using the multiple mediator model. Consequently, the fourth and fifth hypotheses are rejected at the initial stage. In the next step, given the standardized regression coefficients of residents and domestic tourists as 0.170 and 0.380, respectively, it can be stated that the complexity of place branding through the satisfaction of word-of-mouth advertising mostly has a positive impact on domestic tourists with no significant effect on residents. Furthermore, considering the standardized regression coefficients of residents and domestic tourists as 0.352 and 0.490, respectively, it can be stated that the complexity of place branding through identification on word-of-mouth advertising is of positive impact on both the residents and domestic tourists. The main purpose of the study was to examine the impact of place branding complexity on identification and recommending the location to others through a comparative outlook of residents and domestic tourists of Kerman city. The results obtained from the hypotheses of the study showed that the complexity of place branding influences the identification by residents and domestic tourists. Place brand complexity through satisfaction on word-of-mouth advertising mostly impacts domestic tourists in a positive manner with no significant effect on residents. As a result, it is recommended that the motives, expectations, and requirements of the present and potential (tourists) residents of the city are taken into account. To this end, meeting their needs such as a proper quality and price of living expenses, regional security, economic diversity, quality of life, parks, green spaces, and other factors should be ensured. Place branding complexity through identification on word-of-mouth advertising involves a positive impact on both the residents and domestic tourists. Nevertheless, in order to increase the identification by residents and domestic tourists, correct and comprehensive information on the identity of locations should necessarily be provided, particularly in places, which are of historical values. Place branding complexity through commitment on word-of-mouth advertising has no positive impact on both the residents and domestic tourists. Subsequently, in order to raise commitment, involvement in other urban projects through shareholding is recommended.

IntroductionMedical tourism as one of the aspects of tourism contributing to the sustainable development and economic mobility of the country has been regarded as an important branch of health tourism in several countries, either developed or developing, over the past few years. In this form of tourism, many patients would travel to well-known and credible medical centers in developed countries or capitals which hold healthcare facilities, in order to receive treatments. Iran, as one of the developing countries, has also been engaged in a number of such actions in this field, over the past few years. The city of Mashhad has been selected as the region of the study due to a set of specific features this area contains; the presence of Imam Reza’s (AS) holy shrine in Mashhad is the main reason which attracts millions of fascinated pilgrims each year. On the other hand, the existence of well-equipped hospitals and medical centers in Mashhad has led to a considerable number of medical tourists seeking entry to the city. Moreover, train stations, intercity bus transportation system and the international airport are the additional means to which the accessibility of such tourists from all over Iran to medical centers located in Mashhad has been made easier.
The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the extent of importance regarding the effective factors in choosing a destination for medical tourism from the perspective of domestic tourists followed by investigating the role of aforementioned factors in development of medical tourism in Mashhad. Separating the effective criteria and factors on development of medical tourism in Mashhad, as well as comparing the views of experts and domestic medical tourists related to the prioritization of such factors, are among the additional goals of this study.
Theoretical FrameworkMedical tourism, as one of the branches in health tourism, has been developed through the past decade. In the beginning of the industry’s development, only a handful of hospitals in four or five particular countries have been prominent as a medical tourism destination; yet nowadays, hundreds of hospitals and clinics in more than 30 countries welcome this group of tourists as a destination of medical tourism. Basically, medical tourism can be defined as travelling for the purpose of receiving treatments regarding physical illness or different surgical operations under supervision of doctors in hospitals and medical centers. These individuals seek affordable treatments with high quality as well as access to treatment methods which are more suitable and diverse than what already exists in their cities or countries. Considering the high-income nature of this industry along with the reinforcement of healthcare and treatment structures, many countries have shown interest towards the development of this branch in tourism. In a study conducted by the United Nations in 2008, a set of features such as providing advanced facilities, high-quality and the low cost of treatment have been found as the most significant factors which attract patients in the field of medical tourism.
MethodologyData collection in this study has been carried out using the library-internet approach. Also, in terms of the objective and data collection, the present research is an applied and descriptive survey study, respectively. In order to prioritize the effective factors on development of medical tourism in Mashhad from the perspective of medical tourists, a Friedman test has been carried out; on the other hand, a process technique has been used to prioritize said factors from the experts’ point of view. Furthermore, using Expert Choice (through AHP hierarchical analysis software) and calculating the passive statistical society formula, the extent of sample have been found to be 384, with 95% confidence level.
In this study, a simple randomized approach has been used to distribute questionnaires. To ensure the validity of questionnaire in the present study, a logical validity analysis have been carried out which has been investigated and accepted according to the experts’ views. The reliability of questionnaire has also been evaluated using Cronbach’s Alpha formula. The result of Cronbach’s Alpha shows 0.821 which indicates the proper reliability of questionnaire.
Research FindingsFrom the domestic medical tourists’ point of view, “advanced medical facilities and equipment”, “the skill and expertise of medical staff”, and “religious beliefs and opinions” are the first three priorities respectively, stated by tourists as reasons for selecting Mashhad as the place for receiving their treatments. “The skill and expertise of medical staff” has been selected by the experts as the most important factor for choosing Mashhad as the medical tourism destination. Other factors such as “medical facilities and equipment” and “distance” have occupied the next categories, respectively.
Conclusions and SuggestionsGiven the importance of medical tourism in a national and international level, arranging a medical tourism strategic plan appears to be fairly useful in segregation of urban areas parallel to the country’s 20-year vision; moreover, considering this branch of tourism as the second priority after religious tourism can highly contribute to the development of medical tourism in Mashhad followed by a sustainable tourism development in the area.

Ecotourism is regarded as a form of tourism of postmodernism era, so that it can be considered as the second major variety of tourism which, at domestic and foreign levels, attracts many tourists based on market demand trends to tourism destinations. Ecotourism as a variety of tourism can increase cooperation, its economical effects, protecting the environment, sustainable development, and dynamism in local and regional economy using environmental potentials which in its turn requires a strong marketing. The present study employed a descriptive – survey design using library studies. The participants of the study were 130 tourists of Golestan province from Gorgan, Gonbad, Aliabad Katoul, and Kordkuy for this kind of tourism. In terms of data collection, it is considered as a field study and finally in terms of generalizability of the findings it is a kind of survey. In this research, the items of the questionnaire, in two sections, were based on personal and behavioral characteristics and included nine "bases" of marketing, a combination of ecotourism and tourism. In order to determine the reliability of the instruments of the study, a pretest was conducted. The calculated Cronbach's alpha for the main scale of the questionnaire, i.e. identifying the patterns of ecotourism marketing in Golestan province, was 0.72 which showed the acceptable reliability. The applied statistical methods in this research include one-dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one sample T-test, two-samples T-test and Friedman test for processing the obtained data. The results based on the nine "bases" priority indicated that there were some deficiencies in advertising, partnership, planning, and location. Furthermore, on the basis of the findings, a mathematical model was proposed.

Tourism industry is considered as the largest and most diverse in the world. Tourists are attracted by the new marketing structure. Why do people travel? This is because of two different reasons or factors. From the important Pull and Push factors، Pull factors are taken into consideration (Chuck Vsvla، 1382.) One type of trips that takes place in the country، traveling to battlefields in Khuzestan province. An important factor that must be considered in this type of travel is that the researcher should consider their motivations and goals in traveling to those areas. Therefore، the aim of this study is to identify the incentives and priorities of the inner and outer packaging in order to be considered for future planning. The research method or methods used were descriptive. The population of the study included students from the spring and summer of 1391 who were in those battlefields. For data collection، 150 questionnaires were distributed and 122 questionnaires were returned. The purpose of the library research was to collect data from field studies through distributing questionnaires for measuring operation by using a Likert seven-item scales. After collecting the research data and verifying the first hypothesis which states that «the same factors that affect traction and driving people to travel to war zones،» according to a Likert t-test was used to estimate the average answers. Discussion and To test the second hypothesis، which states that «tangible and intangible factors affect the trips to war zones، equally important»، the Friedman test was used to test the results and it showed intangible factors. Among the factors that affect the motivational drive operational areas of Khuzestan province as a tourist destination of students، the highest average ratings related to Intangible and tangible factors. The tension between motivational factors affects the operational areas of Khuzestan province as a tourist destination of students، the highest mean rank order of search، social، and psychological factors، physical factors، and these factors in order of highest priority motivational factors are in tension. For pull and push factors that influence students to travel to operational areas of Khuzestan province، using the spss software the requirements were analyzed through which the first hypothesis was confirmed. The journey of these factors can affect the operational areas of Khuzestan province. Test results for the second hypothesis suggests that the motivating factors that thrust، intangible factors are more effective on the journey of the operational areas of Khuzestan province. For the third hypothesis and the stretching of the highest points of the search، the social، the psychological and physical factors like revolution and war are introduced to them and tell them the realities of war.

Motels are temporary residential units which are usually out of towns and unfortunately، have received less attention in Iran. Because most passengers in Iran travel with personal vehicles، Construction and development of Motels in transport linksespecially transport links in tourism hub will bring tourism development. Present study is an attempt to locate Motels in Isfahan- Shiraz axis and to examine their role in tourism development. Because Shiraz and Isfahan are historical cities and are among the major tourist hub of Iran، the expansion of in restructure especially Motels can have an important impact on tourism development. Iranian tourists also often use theca (especiallypersonal cars) to travel so existence of places to stay on the road that have adequate security and provide services for passengers، will be necessary. The methodology of this research is analytical، documented and survey and the data collected from library and field studies. The field data were collected through questionnaire and visiting the site. The sample size was determined based on Cochran.

Motels are temporary residential units which are usually out of towns and unfortunately، have received less attention in Iran. Because most passengers in Iran travel with personal vehicles، Construction and development of Motels in transport linksespecially transport links in tourism hub will bring tourism development. Present study is an attempt to locate Motels in Isfahan- Shiraz axis and to examine their role in tourism development. Because Shiraz and Isfahan are historical cities and are among the major tourist hub of Iran، the expansion of in restructure especially Motels can have an important impact on tourism development. Iranian tourists also often use theca (especiallypersonal cars) to travel so existence of places to stay on the road that have adequate security and provide services for passengers، will be necessary. The methodology of this research is analytical، documented and survey and the data collected from library and field studies. The field data were collected through questionnaire and visiting the site. The sample size was determined based on Cochran.

Statistics are regarded as the most fundamental parameters of performance measurement of pilgrimage and tourism. Therefore, having access to the statistical data of the number of domestic and inbound tourists entering and also the expenses which should be paid to serve their pilgrimage and tourism a destination is of considerable significance. A paucity of statistical data about the number of tourists and related indexes will make some imbalances in the process of managing and offering services and facilities. The mentioned shortage will also make it impossible to prevent the probable crises. The statistical estimation of the number of pilgrims and tourists who enter the Metropolitan of Mashhad is an essential activity. Up to now, just a survey was conducted in 1986 which investigated the total number of pilgrims and tourists who entered Mashhad, and few researches have assessed the number and statistical indexes of pilgrims and tourists. So, the present article, based on a conceptual analysis, has appraised the existing document and conducted studies and surveys in the field of the statistical data on the number of tourists and pilgrims entering the big city of Mashhad. On the basis of time series model (ARFIMA& ARIMA), this article has estimated the number of pilgrims who entered Mashhad between 2000 and 2009 and also has anticipated the number of pilgrims who would enter Mashhad in the next five years. Based on the achieved results, the number of pilgrims who will enter the big city of Mashhad has been estimated 27,654,068 by 2016.