جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « الگوی خود بازگشت با وقفه های توزیعی » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

Since financial development can contribute to the development of human capital, this paper examines the effect of financial development on human capital formation in Iran during 1973-2010. Regarding financial development as a multifaceted concept, this article first deals with constructing a multidimensional index, including ratio of M2to GDP, ratio of private debt to banks to GDP, ratio of central bank assets to GDP and the ratio of assets of deposit-accepting banks to GDP, using principal components analysis with SAS. Then, using Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model, the effect of financial development on human capital is estimated through Microfit 4. The results suggest that financial development has significant positive effect on human capital in the short- and long term, and the magnitude of influence is higher in the long term than short term.

Industrialization is the base of development in every country and is the most important factor in the structural evolution of economy as well as a way to achieve an economy with no reliance on oil revenues. Access to a new and advanced technology following industrial developments and evolutions leads to a decrease in energy consumption and, thereby, an increase in its efficiency. In this research, the nexus between industrialization and energy efficiency in the industrial sector of Iran during 1981-2008 has been investigated. To this purpose, ARDL and ECM approaches have been used. The results confirm the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between model variables. According to the long-run model, industrialization has a significantly negative effect on energy efficiency. The ratio of capital to labor per unit of energy also has a significantly positive effect on the energy efficiency, but the relative price of energy has no significant effect on energy efficiency. In the short-run model, the coefficient of error correction term indicates a high speed of adjusting the imbalance of short-run to long-term equilibrium. The result of Hsiao causality test indicates a one-way causality from industrialization to energy efficiency. Therefore, the approaches of efficiency improvement are manifested in the light of planning and adopting proper policies through correct implementation of industrial development strategies.

In this article we conducted the production elasticity in separation of human capital and the other production elements to identify the importance of human capital versus physical capital in official and private sections. For this purpose, first we studied theoretical principles of the growth models and the related previous studies. Then a Human capital model presented by Mankiw-Romer and Weil was used to estimate Iran's economy during 1978-2006, by using auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL). We used the mean of the years as the human capital index. The results indicated that the rate of human capital is more than physical capital in official and private sectors in a shorttime and longtime of the production elasticity. The error turn coefficient (ETC) showed that in every period, %34 of inequality was modified in gross domestic production (GDP) and it is going towards the longtime current

Studies on the effect of government expenditures on economic growth usually focus on the mix of government expenditure and how investment and consumption expenditures affect economic growth. But, the impact of budget financing methods on output growth is usually neglected. This paper examines both government expenditure and alternative budget financing methods. Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method is employed to estimate our models. The results indicate that there is an equilibrium long- run relationship between gross domestic product, government expenditures. Also there is a long-run relationship between share of taxes, debt and oil revenues in the budget and gross domestic product. Estimation results show a positive and significant relationship between the growth of the ratio of oil revenues to government expenditures and economic growth in the short run. The results also show that the ratio of taxes to government expenditures and growth are positively related. However, no significant relationship between the ratio of government debt to government expenditures and growth was found. The results imply that less reliance on oil revenues and an increase in the share of taxes in the budget does not necessarily reduce the growth rate of the Iranian economy.