جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « رقابت مالیاتی » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

Along with the globalization process and the permanent mobility of capital and production factors among countries all over the globe, an intense competition has emerged between them to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). This competition has been created through tax rate reductions on capital and compensating the decreased revenues by those generated from other tax bases which is known as 'tax competition'. The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of tax competition and its consequences on the structure of tax revenues in a selection of developing countries during the period of 1995-2020 using panel data approach in the short term and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) cointegration technique in long term horizons. The results of the study indicated that there was a negative and significant relationship between the corporate tax revenues and the revenues generated from personal tax, tax on goods and services and property tax. In addition, due to the phenomenon of tax competition, any decrease in revenues from transferable tax bases such as corporate tax is compensated with an increase in tax revenues from less transferable tax bases, such as personal tax and indirect taxes (such as goods and services tax and property tax) in the long term.

In this paper, we focus on two major questions about tax incentives: 1) Do the countries compete over tax incentives in a same way as they compete over tax rates?; 2) Do the offered tax incentives results in attracting investment and increasing economic growth? The results of testing the first question, in which spatial econometric technique for panel data and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) Method were used, indicate that the developing countries compete over tax rates and tax holidays (and don’t compete over investment rebates); In other words, governments consider other states’ tax policies as a benchmark for judging their own tax policies. The results of testing the second question, in which econometric techniques of dynamic data and Generalized Moments Method (GMM) were used, indicate that tax rates and tax holidays influence foreign direct investment while investment rebates don’t have such an effect and only tax rates have significant relationship with private sector investment and economic growth. Tax incentives which were tested here include tax rates reduction, tax holiday and investment rebates and empirical evidence is based on time period 1985- 2008 and the data for 45 developing countries.