جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « روش به روزرسانی مکرر و کاملا تعدیل شده » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

Corruption is a well-known and prevalent phenomenon in developing countries such as Iran. One of the effective factors in reducing corruption and increasing the level of transparency is the use of information and communication technology (ICT) tools. This study investigates the impacts of ICT on corruption in the selected OIC countries for the period 2002-2020. Before estimating the model by panel data approach, the existence of cross-sectional dependence has been tested and ratified in the studied countries. Therefore, to obtain reliable results, the Cup-FM Method was used to estimate the model. Based on the results of model estimation, the impact of ICT components on corruption has been negative and significant. Correspondingly, the impact of inflation, per capita income, and the rule of law on corruption are significantly positive, negative, and negative, respectively.  Furthermore, trade openness has a positive, but not statistically significant, impact on the corruption index.

The labor force participation rate is one of the key indicators of the labor market. One of the factors that can affect the labor force participation rate is the corruption index. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of Transparency International's Corruption Perception Indicators, Kaufman et al.'s (2014) Corruption Control Index, and the International Country Risk Guide Index on labor force participation rates in selected MENA countries during the period 2002-2008. For this purpose, three models were estimated separately. Also in this research, for obtaining reliable results, the Cup-FM Method was used to estimate the model. Results of estimation of all three models showed that a higher corruption index has a negative effect on labor force participation rate and this effect is statistically significant at a 5% significance level. Per capita income and unemployment rate have a significant negative effect on labor force participation rates at the 5% significance level. The effect of urbanization rate on labor force participation rate is positive and this effect is not significant at the 5% level. Education and wages also have a significant positive effect on labor force participation rates at the 5% significance level. Also, the high level of economic development has a positive and significant impact on the labor force participation rate.

The employment rate is among the key indicators of the labor market and is subject to various economic components. One of the most important factors affecting employment is the corruption variable. Therefore, in this study, the effect of different indicators of corruption on employment level in Iran and Selected Islamic Countries is studied and three separate models are estimated in the period 2000- 2018. After estimating the models using panel data method, the cross-sectional dependency test was performed on the estimated models and at the 5% significance level, the existence of cross-sectional dependency was accepted. Therefore, for obtain reliable results, the Cup-FM Method was used to estimate the model. The results of model estimation showed that in all three models, corruption index had a negative effect on employee-to-population ratio and this effect was statistically significant at the 5% level of significance. The effect of banks' lending facilities on the ratio of employee-to-population ratio was positive in all three models but not significant at the 5% level. Capital stock and real wage had a positive and negative effect on employee-to-population ratio, respectively, and this effect was statistically significant at the 5% level. Trade openness also had a positive effect on the employee-to-population ratio, and only in the first model was this effect statistically significant. According to the estimated results, the effect of inflation on employment level was negative and this effect (except in the second model) was statistically significant.