جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « فرضیه همگرایی » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

In this study, the hypothesis of per capita income convergence between the provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the period 2000-2018 has been tested. The convergence hypothesis has been tested in several Persian articles, even at the provincial level. But the present study differs from previous studies in two ways. First, the use of real GDP per capita without oil data as a measure of per capita income that will eliminate the bias caused by alternative variables. Second, all previous studies have used cross-sectional data estimators to estimate the beta convergence equation, the results of which will be biased. However, in this research, the dynamic spatial panel data model and the SYS-GMM estimator have been used, which will eliminate this bias. Also, two types of matrices were used to study the spatial interactions between the provinces.The results show that, the slope of the absolute beta convergence model is negative and the hypothesis of absolute convergence is not rejected and the rate of this conditional convergence between the provinces of the country is equal to 10.5%. That is, regional inequality is declining during this period. In addition, the results show that the hypothesis of per capita income convergence is not rejected and the hypothesis of spillover effects due to spatial interactions between the provinces of the country is confirmed. Both effects of neighborhood overflow and migration are statistically significant, but the effects of migration overflow have a greater effect than the effects of overflow due to neighborhoods in the provinces. Sensitivity analysis from the three perspectives of changing the spatial interaction matrix, changing the alternative variable of real per capita income and changing the estimator shows the stability of the results and the lack of seriousness of the small sample bias for the SYS-GMM estimator.

The convergence process is reviewed as one of the results of economic growth in recent years. The order of convergence is that, poor areas have higher growth rates than the rich, so the poor areas are getting closer to wealthier regions in terms of economic status over the time. So in this study, we tried to answer the fundamental question that there are income convergence and expenditure Convergence among the Provinces of Iran during (1982-2012) or not?. For this purpose, we used panel unit root tests in order to investigate absolute and conditional beta convergence. The results show that in this period the absolute and conditional beta convergence for incomes and costs of province are approved.For this purpose, we used panel unit root tests in order to investigate absolute and conditional beta convergence. The results show that in this period the absolute and conditional beta convergence for incomes and costs of province are approved.For this purpose, we used panel unit root tests in order to investigate absolute and conditional beta convergence. The results show that in this period the absolute and conditional beta convergence for incomes and costs of province are approvedFor this purpose, we used panel unit root tests in order to investigate absolute and conditional beta convergence. The results show that in this period the absolute and conditional beta convergence for incomes and costs of province are approved.

Land use planning, to achieve regional balance, eliminating imbalances and reducing the income gap among the provinces are important topics for planners and policy makers. Also, evaluation of regionalism balances and gaps among provinces is one of the major topics of study for economists and other specialists in the field of social sciences. One of the key areas of imbalance and the gap among the provinces can be the difference in their economic growth and per capita real income, which in turn could result in the imbalance in other areas. In contrast, reducing the imbalances in income and economic growth can provide grounds for reducing imbalances in other areas. One of the main tools to evaluate the gaps and imbalances among the different areas is the convergence is testing. If the hypothesis holds, the poorer economies will have faster growth rates than hypothesis rich economies and this difference in growth rate in the long run can reduce the gaps and imbalances among them. In fact, the confirmation of Hypothesis of convergence means reduction in regional imbalances. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate the economic growth of the Iranian provinces over the period2010-2000, with particular emphasis on absolute and conditional convergence hypothesis.

In this paper, we study per capita GDP convergence in D8 countries is studied. We test for The convergence hypothesis is tested throughusing twousing two approaches: Time series model (Augmented Dickey Fuller Test), and distribution model (Theil Inequality index and cross sectional variance). The time series model estimation results showed that just Indonesia, Malaysia, and Turkish TurkyTurkey converge toward America the US. Twhich is a country with high per capita.At other hand, the result of convergence hypothesis test between Iran and other D8 countries shows that convergence has been created occurred between Iran, Pakistan and Nigeria. Also, stochastic divergence was createdhas occurred between Iran, with Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The results of distributive models showed that the Inequality has been increasing among this group afterD8 countries since 1990s. In the base of this result, D8 could not create regional convergence.