جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "هزینه خارجی" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد"

In recent decades, environmental problems caused by population growth and energy consumption have raised concerns about global warming. Therefore, this article has calculated the environmental cost with the aim of evaluating the environmental problems caused by the operation of power plants. This study aimed to calculate the environmental costs of generating electricity from different technologies. In this research, 5 thermal power plants in Tehran province were investigated. According to the emission factor of pollutants and also the specific production of each power plant in 1396, the amount of pollutants emitted from Tehran thermal power plants was calculated. Then, according to the emission factor of each polluting gas, heat rate of each power plant and the value of the damaged environment, the environmental cost of electricity generation from thermal power plants in Tehran province was calculated. The results showed that during one year of operation of thermal power plants in Tehran province, about 14 million tons of various pollutants go into the air and CO2 and C are the main pollutants. On average, the total external cost of electricity production from thermal power plants in Tehran province is equal to 8.82 cents per kilowatt hour, which should be included in the final cost of electricity production from these power plants.

Many reports that appeared during the last 20 years have shown that atmospheric pollution causes serious damage to human health and to environment. Electricity generation from fuel fossil is one of the major sources of pollution and considerable share of this damage. The price of electricity in Iran, as in many other countries also, includes only the production of private costs and ignores any other external economic effects. In this research, the external costs of SO2 and NO2 emissions have been calculated for Shahid Rajaii Power Plant. Shahid Rajaii Power Plant is located at Tehran – Gavin free way. The system of Shahid Rajaii almost depends upon fuel oil, gas oil and natural gas. It's total capacity is almost 2000 MW. The system is based on fire Power Plant which consists of 13 units. There are 4 steam turbines with 1000 MW capacity, 6 gas turbines with 640 MW and 3 steam units with 375 MW. In this paper, the external costs have been accounted for unit steam of power plant. The SO2 and NO2 emissions were compared with international standard of ambient air on four seasons, and in two conditions of Normal and Maximum load. The resulting external costs of SO2 and NO2 emissions were achieved about 444.226, 276.069 Ris/kWh.The results shows that the external costs of SO2 emission is highest due to high usage of fuel oil.