جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "d12" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد"

Current research seeks to investigate the role of per capita consumption of renewable energy, carbon emissions per capita, trade openness, and urbanization growth rate on life expectancy by using quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) modeling in the annual time frame from 1965 to 2022 for Iran. The results show that the per capita consumption of renewable energy has a positive effect on life expectancy. This positive relationship was stronger in the quantiles (0.6 to 0.95) of per capita consumption of renewable energy and the quantiles (0.7 to 0.95) of life expectancy. Also, carbon emissions per capita hurt life expectancy in some quantiles and have a positive effect in some quantiles, and this negative relationship in quantiles (0.05 to 0.95) of carbon emissions per capita and quantiles (0.6 to 0.95) life expectancy has been stronger. Also, trade openness and urbanization growth rate have positively affected life expectancy. Thus, the findings of this research show that governments should identify their potential in renewable energy sources and design policies such as tax regulations or relevant incentives to encourage investment, consumption, and production of renewable energy, which can help achieve the goal of sustainable development and life expectancy.

Inspired by Becker’s model (1965) and Double-Hurdle pattern by the transformation of Box-Cox and also using the statistical data related to the income and expenses of the urban and rural households in Iran during the year 2012, the most important economic and demographic reasons affecting the probable participation and amount of consumption of food away from home has been identified and then the elasticities related to the probable participation and conditional and unconditional consumptions been calculated. The elasticities resulting from estimating the maximum likelihood function of the research under the study indicates that the results of the explanatory factors on the probable participation and the expenses pertaining to the food away from home are sometimes favorable and sometimes contradictory and contrastive. The families themselves and their educational level respectively have a negative and positive favorable effect on the consumption of food away from home. The average age factor of the household has negative elasticity on the probable participation and positive elasticity on costs. So, it has a contrasting effect on the consumption of food away from home.

The main goal in this research is to survey and determine the actual structure of the demand function through the BOX-COX consumer goods demand system which includes various forms of demand functions. Using nested and non-nested methods the estimation of consumer demand function is done. Nonlinear seemingly unrelated regressions are also used for the periods of 1982- 2007 via the combined statistics of income groups in urban areas in order to calculate uncompensated price elasticity and expenditure elasticity associated with the demand function estimate. Results of nested and non-nested tests show that the BCDS and AIDS models are near performance. The elasticity figures resulted from the BCDS and AIDS models have also revealed that food group is an essential one, social affairs (clothing, health, leisure and education) are regarded as almost luxury, and miscellaneous group (transportation and others) is quite luxury. But the group of housing (housing and furniture), in the BCDS model is almost luxury and in the AIDS model considered as essential. The elasticity of demand was confirmed by the demand law and cross elasticity of demand has also shown that the food group compared with the social affairs is considered as supplementary and to the group of housing and miscellaneous is regarded as a substitute. The social affairs group compared with the miscellaneous group is supplementary and to the housing group is a substitute and finally the miscellaneous group is considered as a substitute to the housing group.