جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "decomposition" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد"

The purpose of this study is to explain the factors affecting economic growth gap between OPEC and East Asia countries. For this, by using the Shapley–Owen–Shorrocks and Oaxaca–Blinder variance decomposition methods the causes of the economic growth gap between OPEC and East Asia countries were analyzed over the period 1996-2018.The results of the Shapley–Owen–Shorrocks decomposition revealed that in East Asia countries, institutional and policy variables(government consumption, inflation, rule of law, trade) and human capital explain 53.31 and 31.38 percent of economic growth fluctuations, respectively. In contrast, in OPEC countries institutional and policy variables and physical capital(investment, Fertility rate) explain 66.72 and 17.75 percent of economic growth fluctuations, respectively. According to the results of the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition, about 43 percent of the economic growth gap between East Asia and OPEC countries is due to explained components(mainly rule of law, investment, human capital) and 57 percent due to unexplained components(mainly the return of Investment, human capital, inflation, rule of law). Accordingly, efficient use of factors in relation to their endowments has a more important role in explaining the economic growth gap of countries. A noteworthy point in this regard is the important role of institutional and policy variables. Since not only institutional and policy variables but also other variables such as human capital, fertility rate and investment are greatly influenced by governance, in order to promote economic growth in OPEC countries, including Iran, it is recommended that factors affecting good governance be seriously considered by policymakers.

In this research, By using data envelopment analysis method and output distance functions to decomposes energy productivity change into four components; technical efficiency change, technological change, changes in capital to energy ratio and labor in energy ratio In the industrial sector of the country Iran during the period 2014-2004. To this end, the output-axis data envelope analysis method has been used with the assumption of constant returns to scale. The results show that the effect of changing the ratio of capital to energy is a major factor in reducing the of energy intensity in the industrial sector of the Iran, changes technological progress, changes labor- energy ratio and changes technical efficiency drove up energy intensity in most industries.

Different detrending methods make possible to evaluate cyclical features of economic time series from different perspectives. In this way, it can be assessed whether different approaches to extract cycles, can provide useful information in order to better understanding behaviors of economic variables in business cycles. In this paper, we investigate Iran economic cyclical features through using different detrending methods and provide comparisons of their results. The results show that considering the unit root process for the trend of GDP and its components when decomposing into trend and cycle, can notably influences on the relationship between the cyclical components of important macroeconomic variables. This matter is also applicable in recognition of expansion and contraction, volatility and co-movements of variables. Findings indicate that direction of cyclical component movement of consumption, investment, and real wage, as well as the timing of investment and import, depends on whether the trend is considered DSP or not. Besides, the results demonstrate that price level is counter cyclical and import, and export are procyclical. In respect of timing, export is lagging and in most of the results, import is leading and price level is lagging.

Knowing income inequality in socio-economic subgroups helps us to achieve justice. The main goal of this study is to evaluate، decompose and compare the Theil and Atkinson inequality indices in terms of the inequality within and inequality between urban and rural area in Tehran province during the 3rd and the 4th Economic Development Program of Iran. Doing so، we used the micro households'' data along 2000 till 2007. The results show that the contributions of inequality within Tehran Province were respectively belong to urban area، rural area and between them inequality. The results of analyse of Variance represent no statistical significance in the seemed difference between inequality at the first three years of the 3rd and the 4th Iran''s Economic Development Program. According to these، reducing inequality in Tehran province needs to focus on inequality within Urban Areas.

This article analyzes the rate of technical progress (TP) and total factor productivity (TFP) of 140 Iranian industries using the stochastic frontier approach (SFA). The results show that the highest growth rate of technical progress during the years 1995-2007 was related to the manufacture of plastics in primary forms as well as the manufacture of synthetic rubber, motor vehicles, and basic iron and steel. The research findings also imply that, firstly, the average growth of TFP was about 1.28 and, secondly, the technical progress and technical changes respectively had the greatest effect on TFP in the industry sector. Furthermore, the manufacture of parts and accessories for motor vehicles and their engines, as well as the manufacture of motor vehicles, food products, and basic iron and steel had the highest growth rate of TFP.

Using a decomposition model for a 15-year period in the form of the three scenarios of high, low and trend production growth rate, this study has predicted the demand (End - Use) for the three energy carriers in the economic production sectors include of, industry, agriculture, services, and transportation in Iranian Economics. The results show that the demand expansion path for gas and electricity is sharp. This means that due to the structural effects and energy intensity effects we are witnessing an increase in consumption in all the three scenarios. The results also indicate considerable savings in the consumption of oil derivatives resulting from a decrease in energy intensity in low and high growth rate scenarios.