جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « education costs » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

The educational system in some less developed and developing countries, including Iran, are expensive, inefficient, and weak, which in turn weakens the accomplishment of their educational system. In this view, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the costs of secondary education and school attendance in the provinces of Iran for the period 2006-2019. Long-term estimations using the panel pooled group mean test (Panel PMG) show that public expenditure on secondary education, household income, urbanization, public expenditure on health, and student-teacher ratio are statistically significant in explaining changes in school attendance. The coefficient of the main variable of the research, i.e. public education expenses, has a positive, significant, and trivial sign, which will reduce the quality of educational services provided in schools and, as a result, decrease the educational results. This result is not unexpected in Iran; because it is expected that more and higher public resources are needed to improve education measures. In general, the results showed that the state of the Ministry of Education's share of the government's general budget and GDP is not satisfactory, and with this state, it will not be possible to achieve educational justice. In order to fill the gap in providing quality education in Iran, there is a need for extensive interventions. Targeting secondary education by allocating more education budgets is important if the country is to expand access to secondary education, reduce dropouts and grade repetition, and increase enrollment rates. In addition, school officials must develop financial and administrative skills so that they receive, distribute, and use funds in more optimal ways.

Human capital causes increase in the production factors productivity and in turn affects economic growth positively. In this study, we intend to study the effect of human capital on economic value added in Iran by extracting the type and manner of the influencing of education costs on economic growth and to provide appropriate solutions to promote this role in the economy. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. To evaluate the short-term equilibrium relationship between the variables, we use the Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) method. Based on the results, in the short-term, human capital indicators have positive impacts on growth of economic value added. The long-term results indicate that the gross secondary and university enrollment ratio, the import‎ of goods, services and income growth, the percentage of public education costs to GDP, the percentage of private health spending to GDP, the labor force participation (aged 15 and more), the foreign direct investment growth, government efficiency, quality of rules and annual growth of gross capital formation have positive and significant effects on economic value added growth. Error correction term of ARDL model is ‎- 0.78.‎ that shows in each period 78% of short term shocks will be adjusted to the long-term value. The results of this study can be used by policymakers because identifying the factors affecting economic growth, can make economic planners inform in two important aspects, firstly, by considering new variables in planning and thus the optimal allocation of resources, and secondly,  by reducing errors due to misanalysis of the factors affecting economic growth.