جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « h55 » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

Income inequality poses a major social challenge, and expanding social security is a key strategy to combat it. This study examines how social security resources and expenditures affect income inequality in Iran from 1988 to 2020 using the structural vector autocorrelation (SVAR) model. The results reveal a nuanced relationship between social security inputs and income inequality. An increase in general insurance resource initially decreases inequality but later returns it to its original state. On the other hand, an uptick in unemployment insurance resources causes a brief increase in inequality before it declines. Expenditures in both general insurance and unemployment insurance tend to reduce income inequality, with general insurance having a more substantial effect. These findings suggest that increasing unemployment insurance resources requires careful management to avoid worsening income inequality, while investing in general insurance resources shows a stronger potential to reduce it. Social security expenditure can be a powerful tool for reducing income inequality in Iran when applied thoughtfully.

With the emergence of economic fluctuations and problems such as floods, earthquakes, coronas and economic sanctions, the importance of the role of the Social Security Organization and the Unemployment Insurance Fund to cover the needy has become more apparent. But the question is, to what extent can these two be effective in controlling unemployment, income distribution, welfare and social security of society, and in contrast, how much are they affected by macroeconomic variables? For this purpose and considering the theoretical relationship between these institutions and economic growth, the relationship between insurance expenditures of these institutions and economic growth in the period 1991 to 2019 ‌ in the form of a vector auto-regression (VAR) model was studied. The findings of this study confirm the existence of a long-term relationship between the expenditures of the two institutions and economic growth, so that the response of social security insurance expenditures to changes in GDP, although fluctuating and directional, but after three periods, toward fluctuations. Mira moves. In contrast, the growth response to social security spending shocks is very limited and inherited. The reaction of Unemployment Insurance Fund expenditures to changes and shocks in GDP is also more visible and with damp fluctuations.