جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « macroeconomic factors » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intra-organizational and macro factors affecting banking leverage in selected Iranian banks in the presence of heterogeneous slope coefficients and cross-sectional dependence of residuals. For this purpose, the mean group estimators were used from 1999 to 2018 for selected 10 banks. Diagnostic tests showed that the hypotheses of cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity of slope coefficients can not be rejected, so, the Augmented Mean Group estimator (AMG) was used. According to the results, the variables of credit risk and liquidity risk have positive and significant effects while the bank size has a negative and significant effect on bank leverage. Among macro and extra-organizational factors, inflation and real interest rates have positive effects and economic growth has a significant negative effect on the financial leverage of selected banks.

One of the main duties of financial managers is the proper working capital management, and adopting an appropriate strategy can increase the return on assets of the organization.The current research investigates the effect of working capital management on the return on assets of economic organizations of the Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics of Islamic Republic of Iran, focusing on the direct and moderating roles of inflation and GDP variables. The research hypotheses were tested over a 7 year period (from 2011-2017) using the ordinary least squares with robust standard errors. The results show that by decreasing the cash conversion cycle, the return on assets of economic organizations of the Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics increases.This result supports the adoption of an aggressive working capital management strategy. Additionally, the results show that gross domestic product (GDP) has a negative significant relationship and inflation rate has a positive significant relationship with the return on the assets of economic organizations. Results from the two last research models indicate that GDP and inflation rate do not moderate the relationship between working capital management and return on assets. We also performed additional tests in support of the research results in the robustness tests section.

This paper examines the relationship between financial stability and macroeconomics variables and banking concentration in Iranian banking system for the period 1385-1393 (2006-2014).
In this study, Herfindal-Hirschman index (HHI) as a concenteration index and inverted non-performing loans ratio are used to measure banking concentration and financial stability respectively. In addition, inflation rate, GDP growth rate, bank lending rate and market share are considered as macroeconomics variables. In order to estimate the relationship, a balanced dynamic panel with generalized method of moments (GMM) is used. The result indicates that the banking concentration,inflation, GDP growth rate, interest rate and market share has a statistically significant impact on non-performing loans and therefore on the Bank's financial stability.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of macroeconomic and bank-specific factors on non-performing loans for the period of 2005 to 2013. A dynamic panel data model is used in 18 banks and to assess non-performing loan, the ratio of non-performing loans to all granted loans has been utilized. The results of Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) indicate that among all considered macroeconomic variables, economic growth has a negative effect, the gap between real interest rate in informal market and the real interest rate in formal market and also exchange volatility have positive effect on the ratio of NPLs to all granted loans. The results of bank-specific factors show that capital adequacy ratio, deposit to expenditure ratio, as an indication of economic efficiency, and share of each bank in total loans granted, as a proxy for bank's size, all have a significant negative influence on non-performing loans. The result confirms that “Bad Management hypothesis”, in which the increase of total expenditure efficiency leads to reduction in non-performing loans and “Market Strength and Stability hypothesis”, in which the banks with higher market power has less due date non-performing loans are both confirmed.

To identify factors influencing the insurance industry, could set a foundation to increase its efficiency as well as effectiveness. In this respect, macroeconomic and Institutional factors are capable of having a very effective role. By identifying such factors and making the appropriate policies, it is expected that preliminaries to the industry’s growth and advancement are established. The influence and importance of Macroeconomic and Institutional factors on the structure of the I.R. of Iran Insurance Industry and some other selected nations for the 2002-2010 time interval is studied in this research. Reviewing the literature and taking the basic theories into the consideration, some indicators like the economic freedom, the governance indicator, natural logarithm of GDP per capita, and the economic growth present the basis of the studyto evaluate the institutions’ performance under the generalized least squares estimator in addition to the integrated panel data model. The results indicate that the natural logarithm of GDP per capita as a proxy for development of institutions negatively affects the concentration ratio of the insurance industry at a significant level. Moreover, economic freedom as another institution factor was proved to have a significantly negative effect on the concentration ratio of the insurance industry. Components of the governance index however, were not observed to have the same impact on the concentration with the study case. Both the regulatory quality, and the rule of law show a negative and statistically significant effect on the concentration ratio.While the level of accountability,voice,and corruption control provided positive effect on the concentration ratio, but the level of the political stability, and the level of government effectiveness did not present any significant impact on the concentration ratio.

Scrutinizing motivational structure of entrepreneurs could sharpen understanding the formation and the implications of entrepreneurial activities in any society. Considering the wide variety of motivational structure among different countries and outstanding role of such a structure, one might wonder which factors influence it. This article employs data pertaining to 60 member countries of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and panel data method in a try to study the macroeconomic factors that are effective on the ‘improvement-driven’ to ‘necessity-driven’ entrepreneurship ratio. The findings of the research indicate that the levels of development, economic growth, unemployment, women participation in labor, technical development and public education have significant effect on this ratio in the countries. Therefore, these macroeconomic factors should be taken into consideration in any research conducted with the aim of comparing entrepreneurial situation in various communities or places or in plans devised with the aim of entrepreneurial improvement in the national level.