جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « nominalism » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

The theory of rational choice in explaining people's economic behavior is explained on the basis of methodological individualism, which is based on real existence for independent and similar individuals. The analysis of the contexts and logical reasons for the tendency of economists to individualistic methodology and the critical study of individual choice as a unit of analysis in theories of choice and behavior is a concern of this paper.According to research findings, the fundamentals of ontology, epistemology, and methodology such as individualism, deliverance, and nomenclature are influential in the tendency toward individualism. Most of the arguments put forward are invalid, and the correct ones are unable to correct the methodological correctness due to future problems. Problems such as lack of consideration of the real origin and effects of society and social institutions, lack of attention to psychological socialism in people's choices and behavior, lack of analysis of society as a whole, inability to deliver social institutions to individuals and inconsistency of methodological individualism with the component Rational choice, social concepts of economics and short-term economic analysis are among the critiques of methodological individualism, some of which merely refer to the theory of rational choice and some of which include all theories in economics or social sciences.

Some economists have argued that economics is only based on the idea of ​​ Nominalism and the current form of this thought is a hypothetical-deductive method of explanation. According to this analysis, there is no possibility of the formation of the knowledge of Islamic economics and the use of the hypothetical- deductive method of explanation in the Islamic intellectual space, which is based on the essence. The paper examines this claim using an analytical method.
This claim for the mere focus of Plato’s essentialism which postulates the existence of the object for generality has gone wrong in the definition and efficiency of essentialism.
This statement holds while general concepts used in economics, are abstract and contractual. Based on this, the argument between essentialism and nominalism, doesn’t create a problem and rift for economics as a science. Moreover, since ontological essentialism doesn’t contradict methodological nominalism, the method of hypothetical inferential reasoning in Islamic Economics can be used based on essentialism.