جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « optimal allocation » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

How should the government budget be allocated to public education, higher education, health, transportation, IT, energy, or indirect public services including expenses on laws and regulations, business governance, and tax reforms. We examine data between 1989 and 2019 of public spending and their outcomes for each affair and title. The results show that despite that number of students declined over time, the spending on public education has been raised. The structural model is estimated by generalized method of moments, and the estimates show that households put significant weights on education and health, as well as energy. However, even with considerable weights on these public goods, due to inefficient production of public services, the counterfactuals illustrate that more spending on tax reform, business environment, and governance relative to actual budget is optimal.

Development projects in natural water resources like rivers and lakes, specially transferring water to use in agriculture, domestic and industrial sector without considering environmental values, causes irrecoverable and irreversible damage to ecosystem and future options. If we consider the future generation and species rights, those damages and costs can be very much than we take in. The above problem has shown its results in the development projects in Urmia Lake basin in north-western Iran. In our case study, water of Zarinerood is transferred to use in domestic and agriculture sector that made a lot of irrecoverable damage to the ecosystem. In this paper, we develop an optimal control model for allocating a natural water resource by considering irreversibility. The model shows that allocating of basin’s water for different uses is not an optimal policy. Indeed, it intensifies the environmental irreversibility in that ecosystem.

Allocation of the oil revenues is one of the most important economic problems in the oil exporting countries budget, so the main aim of this paper is to determine the optimal allocation of oil revenues. This allocation is studied in three sub-problems: the main natural features of oil revenues, effects of ignoring this particular features in policies and the best policy of allocation. In theoretical part, we develop a model based on OLG model of Blanchard (1985) and Uzawa-Lucas endogenous growth model, composition with oil revenues. We analysis the optimal path of consumption, human and physical capital formation and there for the economic growth in four cases with no subsidies, capital subsidies and direct and indirect consumption subsidies (as is the theoretical contribution of this study). In applied part, first we compute the required parameters by using the Iranian economy dataset. Then we calibrate the model constructed in theoretical sector. Finally we solve the model by using Wolfarm Mathematica 6 software. The results indicate the optimal path of consumtion, human and physical capital formation and economic growth is obtained with capital subsidies.