جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "poverty reduction" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد"

Poverty Reduction Strategy policies in the Developing countries and Poverty alleviation Policies for Iran Poverty Reduction Strategy policies in the Developing countries and Poverty alleviation Policies for Iran AbstractOver the period 1979-2021, despite the implementation of six development plan and poverty reduction policies, allocation of more resources, poverty remains an important challenge in the Iranian economy. Therefore, like other countries, we need a coherent strategy to alleviate poverty. To this end, we examined all PRSP for the developing countries and compared PRSP policies with poverty reduction policies in Iran by an analytical-comparative method. Moreover, poverty reduction policies for low-income, low-middle-income, and high-middle-income PRSP countries were classified based on macroeconomic, governance and public expenditure management, and structural- sectoral policies for poverty. Accordingly, we suggested a pakage of poverty alleviation policies for Iran’s economy. Keywords: Poverty Reduction, PRSP, Low-Middle-Income, Developing countriesJEL Classification: A10, I38, O18Keywords: Poverty Reduction, PRSP, Low-Middle-Income, Developing countriesJEL Classification: A10, I38, O18

In the Islamic approach, the right of all people to enjoy the opportunities and benefit from public resources are the two dimensions of justice, meaning "Giving everyone one's entitlement". In this framework, the first step towards the realization of justice is to fight inequality in the distribution of opportunities, resources and public facilities (Beit al-Mal) in the favor of the poor and deprived in the Islamic society. This paper examines the distribution of subsidies in Iran's economy, considering the requirements of justice in the Islamic approach. The main question of the research is: what is the criterion for the fair distribution of Anfal and the public resources of the country, especially in the context of poverty and class divisions? According to the research hypothesis, in the context of poverty and class divisions, in the distribution of public resources of the country including the distribution of subsidies, one can allow an unequal distribution for the benefit of the poor, so that justice can be achieved faster by reducing the class division. Using the descriptive and analytical method and Islamic and jurisprudential doctrines on the one hand, and examining the experiences of the current distribution of subsidies in Iran on the other hand, the present paper seeks to prove this hypothesis and the necessity of its implementation in the distribution of subsidies in Iran.

Due to important of poverty reduction in developing countries, this article examines the effect of financial development on poverty reduction using unbalanced panel data for 29 developing countries with upper middle income between the years 1990 to 2011. For this purpose, the weighted average was calculated of three indicators of financial development that include Ratio of Liquid Liabilities to Gross domestic product, Private Credit by Deposit Money Banks to Gross domestic product and the Ratio of Deposit money Bank Assets to Gross domestic product, the multilateral index of financial development using PCA with SAS software, and the four indicators of financial development on poverty reduction was estimated separately using Eviews software. Stata software was used to select the appropriate model. The results show that all four indicators of financial development have significant and positive effects on poverty reduction in developing countries have been selected. In addition, foreign direct investment and income also showed positive effects. However, the negative effect of openness on reducing poverty appeared in model.

Policies seeking to directly help the poor have an important role to play. But without sustained growth in per capita output and significant job creation, they will not succeed. Policies Promoting growth have been suggested, most notably by avoiding procyclical responses to macroeconomic shocks (especially from abroad), steering macroeconomic prices, such as exchange and interest rates, to support developmental objectives, pursuing industrial and trade policies involving increasing returns, promoting financial development, and making productive use of foreign aid. Ensuring national economies have sufficient policy space to achieve sustained growth and structural change should be the over-riding policy concern.

This study examines the relationship between financial sector development and poverty reduction in the Iranian economy during 1973-2007. To explore a long-term relationship between variables، Bounds Testing Approach of Pesaran and others (2001) was used and to investigate the interface and causality between financial sector development and poverty reduction Dolado and Lutkepohl’s approach and causalty test (1996) was applied. In this paper for showing financial development، three alternative indicators and for representing poverty the cost of private consumption per capita are used. Results from this study indicate a long-term relationship between variables in the model. Dolado and Lutkepohl causality test results also show that financial development is not effective in poverty reduction.

This study analyzes the impacts of various types of government expenditures on rural poverty in Iran, by using a system of equations including variables affecting on rural poverty such as agriculture labor productivity, employment in rural area, rural-urban migration and access to economic infrastructures and social (electricity, water, telephone) (education attainment, and health) infrastructures and time series data (1984-2009). The results reveal that different types of public Expenditures have various effects on poverty in rural areas. Public investments on water, health and road have the most positive impacts on rural poverty reduction. Government expenditures on water, agricultural R&D, education, health and road improve agricultural productivity growth. Public Expenditures on developing education infrastructures, health and transportation increased employment rate in rural area. Expenditures on water, health and road led to reduce rural-urban immigrate.