جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Persian Gulf » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

In recent decades, natural ecosystems have undergone fundamental changes due to the increasing population and increasing demand to provide the facilities needed by humans, with the destruction of the environment, so we must always be concerned about the damage to the ecosystem. The purpose of this study is the economic evaluation of the Qeshm Island Persian Gulf ecosystem with emphasis on support and cultural services. In this study, a questionnaire was used to interview and extract the amount paid by tourists and visitors from the natural resources of Qeshm Island. Sampling was done randomly and among the visitors of the recreational complexes of Qeshm Island in two periods of March and May, which has the most tourists. In this study, the number of samples was determined based on the mean and variance of the statistical population of visitors to Qeshm Island with the help of a questionnaire. Finally, the willingness to pay and the fee was checked by the visitors. The willingness to pay was assessed with the logit model. Due to the negative coefficients of the proposed variable in the Logit model, the probability of acceptance decreases with increasing cost. The statistical value of the likelihood ratio obtained in the results is 73.211. The percentage of correct prediction in the estimated pattern is 73%. Considering that the acceptable value for the logit and probit pattern is higher than 70%, the value of the obtained percentage of prediction seems desirable, so this pattern is reliable. It seems necessary to conduct studies to improve the economic situation of the natives of the region. Providing a platform for private sector entry to invest in nature and tourism is another measure that can be taken. Finally, establishing relationships with regional tourism industry investors to develop the city's facilities, including airlines, hotels, tour operators, travel agencies, and other necessary investments, can be prioritized.

Economic diplomacy, as an interactive action, has found a special role in the foreign policy of countries, the most important of which should be to help resolve political and security issues. Economic peace is one of the most important strategies that the Israeli government has focused on in order to improve political relations and ultimately alleviate security tensions. Accordingly, the present article examines the dimensions and principles of Israel's economic diplomacy strategy by asking what it is based on and what its goals are. The hypothesis of the article is that Israeli economic diplomacy, using the existing security and trade infrastructure, first seeks to improve trade relations and ultimately seeks to achieve political peace. Applying the conceptual model of economic diplomacy with the help of descriptive-analytical method, while confirming this hypothesis, showed that Israel has established institutions for managing its economic relations in the region over the past years. These institutions have laid the groundwork for peace and the normalization of political relations by networking and portraying Israel as a desirable and peaceful actor. The findings show that the Persian Gulf region is one of the most important cases in Israeli economic diplomacy that has so far helped to normalize relations with the UAE and Bahrain. This could be considered as a source of threat to the Islamic Republic of Iran in the future and affect Tehran's economic relations with the Gulf States.

In this study, a small econometric model of scale with panel data for the years 2000-2015 is estimated to flow in the Persian Gulf region. The results indicate that in the oil, non-oil, and import equations, the most important variables are the crude oil prices, the country's gross domestic product, and the export of goods, which have the most important role in explaining the oil, non-oil exports and total imports of the region. In order to predict the flow of trade, the first and second scenarios were considered for explanatory variables up to 1404 horizons. In the first scenario, the variables based on the IMF and the World Bank forecasts and their histories, and the only oil price variable in the first scenario based on its history and in the second scenario, are expected to grow ten percent annually. The result of the simulation of the econometric model in the form of these two scenarios is the volume of trade between $ 1500 to $ 1,900 billion for 2025 in the region and, on the other hand, the trade balance of the region in the year 2025 is between 450 to 650 billion positive. Therefore, in 2025, according to the first scenario, about 44% of the region's exports of oil and petroleum products, and according to the second scenario, is about 58%.

China, as a rising power, is an important market for fossil fuels. Meantime, the supply of fossil fuels depends on the geopolitical position of the exporting countries. The Persian Gulf and Central Asia are rich regions from an energy perspective. These regions have appropriate locations for supplying the Chinese market. Iran is located between the Persian Gulf and Central Asia. In this article, we try to compare the importance of the Persian Gulf and Central Asia and assess the Iranian position in this context.  Based on the security complex theory, we attempt to answer the following questions: What is the position of the Persian Gulf and Central Asia in China's geopolitics of energy? What is Iran’s role as a sub-system of these areas in China's energy geopolitics?
China tries to diversify its energy suppliers. However, the land secure route (Central Asia) is more advantageous than the dangerous maritime route (Persian Gulf). Therefore, Iran, as a country that links these two regions, has the  potential to act as a link between the two regions, and as such increase China’s energy security.

In order to meet the growing demand and the reduction of the growing gap between supply and demand for water, the desalination processes can be one of the effective options. One of the main technologies for water production is the desalination of sea water all around the world. The current research has been conducted in 2014 aiming to evaluate the economic feasibility of desalination of Persian Gulf’s water in terms of new energies and fossil energy and the model of life cycle cost has been used. The results indicate that the use of diesel energy, in other words, other fossil fuels compared with new solar- energy, for desalination process, is not more feasible from the economic perspective. Net present value in private discount rate with loan scenarios with solar energy is equal to 4776.30 million rials that is economically justified And with diesel fuel scenarios equal to -2970.64 million rials without economic justification .Sensitivity of desalination project of fossil fuels in comparison with the selling price of fresh water is too little, and this result in the use of solar energy is facing with an increasing trend, but the sensitivity of desalination projects of new energies compared to the selling price of fresh water is high, because the amount of variations is very high. Also the average cost obtained for both diesel and solar energy regarding the price of fresh water, in the state of solar energy is far less than fossil fuel. And finally, from the two of these projects the use of solar energy is more feasible and economical.

The trade and investment relations have expanded substantially in globalization process among most developed and developing countries. The development has implemented in form of regional and global integrations affecting differently economies worldwide. The objective of this paper is to explore the effect of such integration on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in where countries where locate in the Persian Gulf, which are mostly oil producing. To this end, a panel econometric model has been specified and estimated using cross-section data of the selected countries in the region during 2001-2008. The empirical results indicate that regional trade integration leads the countries to increase FDI inflows, while they are faced with the inverse effects of discrepancies in culture and language on attracting FDI.