جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « هنجار » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

The present study seeks to evaluate the effect of social media on people's entrepreneurial intention. In this study, the components of entrepreneurial intention are derived from the Linan’s Entrepreneurial Intention Model. These components include attitudes towards entrepreneurial behaviors, social norms, and self-belief. The present study is quantitative and the research method is descriptive. In this research, questionnaire was used for data collection.  Students of Allameh Tabatabaei University in Tehran are samples of the study. Gathered data was analyzed by using t-test, factor analysis, and structural equation model with SPSS and LISREL software. Results showed that there was a significant relationship between social media and entrepreneurial intention and its components. Furthermore, social media strongly influences entrepreneurial intention and its components. Moreover, the most significant impacts were related to entrepreneurial self-belief, social norms, and attitudes towards entrepreneurial behavior, respectively. Finally, all hypotheses were confirmed by structural analysis and structural equation modeling.

The concept of anomie was born in sociology and is equivalent with lack of norms، normative conflict and ambiguity. Anomic organization loses shared norms at lowest level. According to Durkheim، fundamental change through shattered the existing normative framework to pave the way to anomie. If an organization lacks the capacity to change، in facing to fundamental change will undergo to anomie. Data is collected with mixed method. Research strategy is case study. Qualitative data is analyzed with content analysis. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and quantitative data through questionnaire. First، the qualitative data were collected and quantitative data were added to evaluate verification of them. The case study is one of the largest institutions in country''s publishing industry. Findings were shown case study suffers from organizational anomie (in all three dimension). Findings indicate that change capacity in all components is at lowest level. Therefore، the hypothesis of negative relationship between change capacity and organizational anomie was confirmed. In this case Durkheim''s theory is proved: Fundamental changes cause to violation previous work norms. Lack of change capacity in case to not traverse the transition process with correct manner and cannot govern new normative structure thus organizational anomie govern on all departments.

The purpose of this study was to identify indicators of social capital and pursue their correlation to communicational skill of mangers. This descriptive-correlation study has an applied objective. The population is composed of all employees (243 individuals) of nonprofit organizations in Noor city. The total number of 85 individuals was selected in random sampling as the sample. In this study, to collect data in the field of theoretical and identify the components of social capital, the study of literature and interviews with professors, experts and scholars, as well as managers of the population studied was used. Then, the questionnaire was used to collect data to test hypotheses. Five indicators identified for social capital that includes: mutual trust, shared networks and norms, mutual cooperation, collective cohesion, voluntary participation. The results of research indicate that the relationship between communicational skill of managers and social capital is positive and significant. In addition, the strongest relationship between mutual trust and communicational skill were and weakest relationship between shared networks and norms and communicational skill were seen.

Security and freedom are the two components of the index for the developed countries، the development of economic، social، cultural and human. Accordingly، this paper aims to assess the ability of students in Tehran University and Parsons AGIL based on factors such as the retail، cultural، social، political and economic level as four levels of measurement of the ability of citizens to know. Thus، the present theoretical framework is based on a model known as Parsons AGIL. Parsons is confirmed or not confirmed AGIL model. The descriptive findings showed that students taking the test levels are lower than average، which is less than ideal academic environment is not the number 3. The police authority is taking legal MQVM element. The assessment of the vulnerability of Tehran University students approach AGIL model retailers. Parsons influenced the political system of the academic environment، which is 84% of the surface is very strong. The most important factors identified in this sub-system are a student of political trust. The police authority is taking legal MQVM element. Also، students from Tehran universities deserved confidence in the police commander for space and security for the people and most importantly the academic community، the factors of law and respect for social discipline has been introduced.

Peaceful life of people in any community is possible only through observing some common rules. But yet these common rules must have some specific features in order to meet their goals successfully. One of the main frameworks which are used to define these rules is the compliance and appropriateness of social issues and cultural phenomena with the prevailing spirit of social order. "Alley dwelling" is one of those issues that should be investigated according to the community values and cultural norms. Nowadays, this phenomenon, which has cultural and historical background, can be observed in most cities. Due to cultural transformation and change in lifestyle, it is becoming gradually social cacophonous (abnormality). What we have discussed in this paper is a careful analysis of the main reasons for "alley dwelling" which can be investigated in the leisure time and how people spend their spare time. What is important is the interaction between "alley dwelling" and social order which can be considered as an unobserved part of the order and security of community. Undoubtedly, cultural issues have played an important role in the existence of "alley dwelling". Accordingly, social transformation and social changes are among issues that can contribute to changes in the cultural tastes of people and change the perspective of these phenomena. In this article, an attempt has been made to probe into the harms and damages that alley dweller may have on society specifically about women dwellers in alleys in Yazd. To fulfill the purpose of the study and based on a sample of 144 female subjects, among the females in Yazd old quarters, the issue of alley dwelling and its impact on the social order and social security are investigated. The sampling method of this study was based on random cluster sampling. Data has been gathered through questionnaires and interviews. Findings showed that more than 39% of women sit in alleys. The average of time that the women spend in alleys is more than 6 hours per week. Almost 56.3% of them such women do not have any access to recreational places or sport clubs in their vicinity. According to the findings of the this research there is a meaningful difference between education, age, number of children, economical situation and the time they spend on watching television of women dweller in comparison with those of other women. The main reason of alley dwelling was investigated to be: loneliness (36%) and the main topic that women discussed in this situation are family issues (32%). The main motivations of these women are meeting and talking (20%). At the end it is worth mentioning that the main problems of alley dwellers are: backbiting (47%) and waste of time (16%).

The purpose of the present article is to examine the relationship between social capital and the economic performance of Iran analytically and experimentally. The theory of this study is. Besides the other factors like physical and human capital, social capital (taken as mutual trust among people and economic units) is an important factor that could help define the differences in the economic growth of the regions. Based on such viewpoint, trust is regarded as "belief in people's ties to their commitments in economic-social interactions". In reality, such beliefs would facilitate the establishment of interactions and transactions. First, a theoretical framework has been presented to demonstrate the positive impacts of social capital on economic growth, and this relationship was tested in an experiment that was conducted in 2001 among the different provinces. For this reason, through using the data of the 28 provinces, the relationship between trust (specific and general trust) and economic growth was examined. In order to analyze the impact of trust (trusting the various economic-social groups) on economic growth, the social-economic groups which came under the "general trust" category were divided into three sub-categories: legal, social and economic authorities. The impact of each of these sub-categories on economic growth was separately examined. The results indicate that the impact of general trust is more intense and its significance level is much higher. Also, the division of general trust into the three sub-categories of legal, social and economic authorities has helped define the significant differences among the provinces in justifying changes in the economic growth. Trust in economic and legal authorities had a higher impact on the economic growth of the provinces.

In this study in order to arrange and find a measurement scale for evaluating the performance of mid-level and superior law enforcement commanders, first we reviewed the literature of issue and the main indices and standards were extracted based on it. Then, based on those indices a preliminary scale was provided. This measurement was given to 15 experts to give their opinions about each of the items. Finally based on the experts' opinions, a 56-item measurement was arranged. This measurement was executed on a 644 managers and line-officers and law enforcement command center and their stability was assessed by using the three methods of Spearman, Brawn, Guttmann, and Alpha Kronbach. The results demonstrated that measurement of each of its concomitant, possess that mentioned stability. Also, for determining the measurement factors, factor analysis method was used. The results clarified that performance measurement is comprised of three main factors.