جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "optimal control problem‎" در نشریات گروه "مدیریت"

Finished products and manufacturing plants are some elements of the production system in the supply chain, and there are other manufacturing plants. They produce work in process and finished products and hold them in warehouses. So, they need to plan and control production and inventories. Isolated planning and control by different manufacturers increase inventories in them, and then they must plan and control integratory. This paper presents an iterative approach for solving the optimal control problem with bounded control variables. The projection function constructs ‎the iterative method to approximate the control law. Employing the approximation of control law, the approximation of state and the co-state variables are obtained. For this purpose, we apply the Hamiltonian of the optimal control problem. From the Hamiltonian, the approximation of control law and then the approximation of state law is obtained. A simple example is given to compare the results with another published paper. Also, a case study on production planning in a three-stock reverse logistics system with deteriorating items is derived to show the method's performance.

In today’s era when a substitute for almost every product is readily available, acceptance and adoption of a new product in a market requires substantial amount of promotion. Here we formulate and analyze policies for promoting sales of a product in a market through optimal control theory problems. The market is partitioned into various segments depending upon multifarious demands of customers and promotion of the product is done segment-wise. The aim is to maximize the profits keeping in mind the demand requirements and the available budget for promotion. In order to provide a realistic model, the total available budget is taken to be imprecise. The optimal control model with fuzzy parameter is converted into crisp form using necessity and possibility constraints, and thereafter solved by using Pontryagin Maximum principle. To illustrate this technique, a numerical example is also considered by discretizing the model. The analysis also gives a deep insight of how the promotional effort should be planned by the decision makers keeping in mind the financial constrains without hindering the promotional effort at the end of the planning period. This paper mirrors the real time situation that could be faced by any industry, including that of software development, where budgets may have variable components and promotion of products may vary according to different regions and markets. The experimental data reveals that profitability can still be maximized if real-life constraints are applied in promotional planning by any industry.