جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « توسعه شهری » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

BOT projects for the construction of suburban pedestrian bridges are very important as one of the appropriate methods for transportation infrastructure development in cities. Considering the economic and financial effects on these projects, it is vital to know and analyze the factors affecting the pricing of these projects. The purpose of this article is to identify and rank the factors affecting the pricing of BOT projects for the construction of suburban pedestrian bridges.

The research approach is quantitative and practical. The statistical population includes the managers and experts of the Road Maintenance & Transportation Organization and university professors specializing in this field. Fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify factors and BWM was used to prioritize them.

By reviewing the literature, 40 factors were extracted from previous studies, and based on the fuzzy Delphi results, after three rounds of expert opinion polls, 31 factors affecting the pricing of BOT projects for the construction of suburban pedestrian bridges were identified and classified into five groups, then using BWM are rated in overall and their group.

The overall ranking showed that the most important factors are the costs of pedestrian bridge construction, maintenance and operation, and equipment and personnel. The ranking in groups also showed that the main factors were ranked as the factors related to costs, contract setting, project, government, and the private sector. These results can help decision makers in this field to make the best decisions in the pricing process of similar projects.

Land reforms have a unique position. Agrarian reforms changed the status of other social classes such as merchants, traders and usurers. What is the most important effect of land reforms on the rural petty bourgeoisie of Kermanshah and Ilam? The answer to this hypothesis is that the rural artisan class was weakened after the land reforms. The reason for this was the entry of urban goods into the village.

The research method is descriptive-analytical with using books, theses and articles. The first-hand sources are legal books and the second-hand sources are current researches and related articles, which have been used in publications and internet and research sites and researches related to the subject of the research.

After analyzing the data obtained from the articles according to the causal conditions, mediating conditions, strategies and consequences of the phenomenon are categorized. These major categories and core categories have been extracted that it’s number of major categories is 22, and the number of major articles is 8, The theme of capitalist pressure, the number of articles 24, the number of major categories, the number of major articles 8, the theme of agricultural mechanization, causal conditions in the process of data analysis,((Commercialization of agriculture)), ((Transition from land ownership)), ((Emergence of modern lord and serf system)), ((Capitalist pressure)), ((Development of urbanization)), ((Oil)), and ((Low efficiency)) were the main categories of causal conditions.

One of the characteristics of the land reform program in Kermanshah and Ilam was the adaptation of the land distribution to the traditional classification of the rural society. In this sense, some rural groups were called the well-to-do bourgeois. After the distribution of land between the farmers and the expansion of the relationship between the urban and rural society, the urban storekeepers became The consumption needs of the villagers were brought to the village and sold. Simultaneously with the growth of the peasant class, the class of rural workers also expanded, and a large part of the villagers who did not own land started working as laborers in other economic sectors. The decrease in the capacity of the agricultural sector in attracting the active forces of the rural community aggravated this problem and increased the number of unemployed people. These forces migrated to the city center and other regions in order to find jobs.

   One of the important topics in the field of urban issues is the concept of sustainable urban development, which is considered as development based on real needs and rational decisions, taking into account various economic, social, political and cultural considerations. "Sustainable development" is considered as a concept that determines the continuous provision of people's needs and satisfaction along with increasing the quality of human life. Urban sustainability, which is consistent with criteria such as social justice, citizen participation and social solidarity, increasing the efficiency of social institutions, promoting citizenship culture and the efficiency of policies and policy-making programs in the metropolitan area and optimizing civil relations, is an ideal for the dynamic quality of urban life and it is a new way of living. The pervasiveness of globalization as a dominant discourse encompasses various aspects of cultural, social, political, economic, and ideological solidarity and homogeneity, and its direct connection to "language" as one of the most important elements of identity makes "foreign language facing" as a challenge in the field of cultural policy-making, with the aim of urban development.

The method of this research was descriptive-survey and data collection tool, a researcher-made questionnaire, including 25 questions. The statistical population of this research includes the cultural, political, social and linguistic elites of the country.

The results of this research showed that cultural policy-making dealing with foreign languages ​​is affected by the most important elements of urban developments such as social, economic, political and cultural components.
 

In this article, the components influencing Islamic Republic of Iran cultural policy-making facing foreign languages with the aim of urban development were explained that has challenged the previous equations and assumptions in the era of the globalization project- according to the opponents- or the process of globalization- according to the proponents.

Urban growth is a vegetative process that crystallizes as an accumulative process, shaping the city spatial structure over decades. In this way, current activities are deposited on the urban fabric through Building, and improve and develop the urban form in response to the changing needs of its time. Since the Building custodian at the Urban level is the Urban management; and governance is a central issue on the path to sustainable development; the research’s problem is "What are the necessities of [Tehran’s] urban building management system in Iranian researchers’ representations". In this regard, the scientific descriptions of Iranian experts on the realities and desirability of the urban Building management system are considered as a face of truth; and the researcher, in order to understand it, uses the thematic analysis strategy as one of the qualitative methods. In this regard, out of 789 sources updated in the Iranian scientific databases, 65 were systematic sampled. The results of this fundamental research showed that according to Iranian experts, the urban building management system of Tehran can be considered as "Tehran’s Building Governance", when it has a Reliable, Remarkable, and Respectable. In other words, by pursuing "fair, balanced and empowering growth", it has sought to "solve the physical and spatial problems of the city of Tehran" in order to achieve "sustainable and affordable product"; and follows this path by "relying on endogenous capacities based on local values" by a "cooperative, efficient and collectivist organization" and in "facing the legal-executive challenges of Tehran’s urban management".

The present study was conducted as a development-applied design. Statistical population of members of Islamic councils, districts, villages; Which are317people. The sample size was calculated with Cochran's formula equal to 175 people; The assessment tool is a two-part questionnaire including demographic characteristics and questions to measure the attitudes of respondents about the role of Islamic councils with the approach of Islamic management and governance in various dimensions of urban and rural development including political, cultural, economic, social and health development. The results showed that the role of Islamic councils with Islamic management and governance approach in urban and rural development in the Islamic Council of Shahriar in general 46%, the role of Islamic councils in political development 44%, the role of Islamic councils in cultural development 44%, the role of Islamic councils In economic development 51%, the role of Islamic councils in social development 47%, the role of Islamic councils in health development 53%. Examining the difference between the role of Islamic councils in urban and rural development in Shahriar city with the help of Mann-Whitney test showed that rural development has been more than urban

Nowadays, Big cities have many problems and challenges in terms of sustainability, which has many negative consequences in times of crisis and sustainable crisis management. These include natural disasters, especially earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, as well as man-made issues such as traffic, environmental, and security disruptions. The metropolis of Tehran is facing many problems in the field of natural disasters, especially earthquakes, as well as traffic, water, waste and energy issues, which threaten its sustainability. In this regard, the idea of ​​smart city can be used with comprehensive programs as an irreplaceable and efficient requirement for the sustainability of cities, especially in critical situations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify smart city strategies from the perspective of sustainability and with emphasis on crisis management issues.

This article is done by descriptive research method and content analysis of texts and logical reasoning and using documentary and library study methods.

Sustainable smart city approach with smart city management and process smartening, benefits such as speeding up management of issues and services, integration of decisions and actions of officials and people, transparency and monitoring and control of violations, reducing unnecessary travel, saving Brings with it energy consumption. Using a comprehensive program and new technology infrastructure, the smart city plays an important role in solving urban problems along with the challenges and threats related to the security and privacy of cyberspace. The metropolis of Tehran, with important issues such as traffic, earthquakes and air pollution, has a suitable context for the development of a smart city.

Smart city can improve the sustainability of cities by benefiting from the infrastructure of new technologies, smart citizens, smart life, smart economy, smart government and smart environment. A review of successful global experiences, especially in the cities of Pittsburgh, Toyota and Seoul, shows that traffic, urban services, environmental and energy issues can be solved with smart city capabilities. Applying these experiences in Tehran metropolis in crisis management due to natural disasters and man-made issues, especially earthquakes, traffic, air pollution, taking into account sustainability and crisis management and passive defense and cyberspace security and Iranian-Islamic culture considerations can lead to sustainable development. Tehran metropolis.

Sport tourism events attract a wide range of national and international participants and the implications need to be considered for proper management and policy making. The purpose of this study was to identify the implications of holding sports tourism events with a security-social approach.

The research method was qualitative, which was conducted with the heuristic-exploration strategy. For this purpose, theoretically saturated with 19 experts, experts and experts using in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using an exploratory approach through the coding process using Max QDA qualitative software.

Upon completion of the coding, the implications of the event in the two areas of positive and constructive impacts, including infrastructure and urban development, economic benefits, community solidarity, social and cultural exchanges, improved positive attitudes to society, learning opportunities and social interactions, and The categories of adverse effects and disadvantages were categorized as economic costs, traffic hazards, security risks, environmental concerns and social disturbances.

Holding sports tourism events has different implications for the host country depending on different issues. Therefore, managers and organizers of the event must pay attention to the positive and negative implications of the event and plan to eliminate the negative implications and use the positive implications.

Macca historitical background was compared between Islam and Ecology, published by Harvard University; and Guardian Report about Macca in terms of municiplitory developments through 3 phases. Phase 1, was dedected to disasters indentification, ie, ecological, cultural and residents’ economy disasters happened in this city during municiplitory develpent progects run by Al-Saud Governece. In phase 2, the identified disasters were compered in terms of “utilitarianism” and “deontology: approaches; the results shwed that former approach was used during municiplitory development which is not accordace to Islam recommendations such as abuse of religious functions; prevention of human competencies development; family focalpoint distracts; and personal rights disorient. The phase 3 was done by document review method to find out how would be possible to revive holy authenticity? It will be possible by ecological monotheism. Generally, a transcendental paradigm is recommended for municiplitory development plans.

 New urban needs and urban development have caused central governments to face a lack of financial resources to provide urban services. This issue, especially in the field of financing urban projects, has attracted the attention of the private sector and the public sector, and in particular, the municipalities. The main objective of this research is to understand how much of the municipalities are prepared and willing to use PPP in urban development projects and how well they know how they can be implemented, which may affect the success of the project.

This research is designed to identify the criteria and opportunities for the successful implementation of PPP in urban development. The method of doing the work was a questionnaire and conducted interviews with experts and investors who invested in public projects through public-private partnership, as well as municipal construction contractors who were willing to participate in ppp projects. According to Cochran method, sampling volume was estimated at 104 samples.

According to Kendall's fit test and Friedman test, the results indicate that among the factors of readiness of organizations for laws and regulations, they have had the highest rank in the success of urban development projects. The development of guides and information resources in this area is one of the effective measures for capacity building and eliminating possible ambiguities and misunderstandings about public-private partnerships.

The city of knowledge-based is a new concept in the field of urban management and has a developmental approach which ultimate goal is to achieve urban sustainable development and economic progress. According to many experts, one of the factors affecting the location of these cities is to strengthen social capital and increase the level of active participation of citizens in urban development. Social capital cause to transport potential resources of capital and reduces the distance between sociological and economic aspects. The importance of this discuss is about to double, due to the history of the civilization of Iran, despite the lack of physical assets, it has a significant level of social capital accumulation. Despite the comprehensiveness of the concept of social capital, there is still few research on its impact on the knowledge-based urban development, which makes it more relevant research in this field. The major question of this research what is the relationship between knowledge -based urban development and social capital. The purpose of this research is to investigate and understand the relationship between social capital and the dimensions of knowledge-based urban development. by collecting information in documentary, descripting overview of the subject literature and two successful case studies to discovery importance of the positive and influential relationship of social capital with knowledge-based urban development. In this study, the positive relationship between social capital and knowledge-based urban development is confirmed. Also, the conclusion of research indicated that in addition to affecting the economic, institutional and cultural indicators of the knowledge-based development, itself is also through knowledge-based development tools such as knowledge-based education of human capital, the development of technology and communication, the creation of suitable cultural infrastructures and discoveries Creative talents and their attraction affect the knowledge-based development, and in a reciprocal and mutual interaction, social capital and knowledge-based urban development can provide the essential ground for the development of the city.

Nowadays attention to environmental issues in Planning, activities and development Proceedings in cities, can be an effective step to improve the environment conditions and the improvement of quality of life of citizens. Consequently economic conditions, social, cultural, political, there is challenges facing environmental of Iran Country that investigate and identify It can cause determine solution for the management and improvement of the environment the country.

It is an applied research and the method descriptive-analytic. The purpose of this study is to the Investigate of environmental Dimensions and status of urban environment in the development plans of the country.

This study is an overview of the status of the environment in development programs of the country, the urban environment in these programs is emphasized. What is apparent by studying development plans of the country, is paying attention to the status of the environment in the process of Legislations program.

Factors such as lack of coordination in performance, lack of necessary infrastructure, parallel managements, lack of drafted executive regulations in good time and overtaking of economic considerations over the needs of environment conservation lead to reduce the effectiveness of materials Legislation enacted in programs has been. Well as the duty conservation of urban environment in development plans and urban management, has undergone of inconsistencies and neglect of numerous. Therefore decision about to organizing and reform the status quo with the help of new laws, an issue that should to strengthen in real position of urban management, urban development, development plans and explaining the duties of each of the elements involved in preserving the urban environment ranging from Soviets, Municipalities, public institutions, private sector and others to be considered further. Other necessity of changing the mechanism for monitoring and evaluating the performance of environmental programs to create a centralized system In the Environmental Protection Agency and its data Complete by other devices is the relevant.

The idea of using Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in reducing car dependency and improving the sustainability of urban transportation modes has gained wider support in recent years، and in many different cities has been converted to great approach of urban planning. The TOD-based on critical movement due to the sustainability concept tries to promote coordination between land use and transportation planning، which emphasis on density، mix of land use، and efficiency of public and non-motorized transportation. Urban development in Iran with sprawling and car-oriented planning goes to the way that shows unsustainabillity. Weak role of public and non-motorized transportation in urban mobility and ongoing growth of countryside are some samples of these challenges. Hence، this paper tries to deriving aims، strategies and methods of TOD planning of practical instances and presenting required recommendation for adaption those based on Iran situations. To do this، experiences of TOD are investigated in urban areas of different countries with Documental- Analytical method. Results of the paper show that Iran in adapting with criteria and methods of TOD planning of other countries has special opportunities and challenges that regarding to those can tabulate the way. For this، it is recommended that after determining position of TOD in Iran''s urban planning and development system، it should be regarded to the implementation of mechanisms based on Iran conditions. Furthermore، emphasis on providing a master plan plus people participation process and financing public and private sectors in TOD projects are essential.

In the present age, one of the requirements of the urban life is for the citizens to be interfered in the destiny of urban behavior. Planning and expanding necessary contexts for citizens’ participation in managing urban affairs is the movement from individual life toward collective citizenship life. Principally, it is an active attendance of citizens in managing domestic affairs and on the other hand, one of the components of development and stability in any human society relies on integration, oneness, cooperation, and principally participation in social life affairs.

The goal of this study is to investigate social urban participation situation in areas analysis level and the development degree in the 5th district areas in Tehran.

This study has been done with predicative and surveying method. Statistical population is Tehran’s 5th district areas population which consists of over 20 year olds. A sample of 500 people in octad districts was selected by proportionate with size cluster sampling.

The research findings showed thatinformal cooperative participation existed among the participation dimensions with the highest mean of 5.2 and formal participation with the lowest mean of 2 and also, religious informal participation with the mean of 4.8 and charitable informal participation with the mean of 4.74 was located in successive ranks.

More developed areas had formal and informal assistance participation and significantly lower informal religious participation. Informal charity participation level was the same in all areas no significant difference was detected

The model of urban development which is based on the policy of T.O.D is an efficient one in reducing the negative consequences and costs of transportations. This model is based on the occupation and population increase in the areas near to public transportation stations. Writers in this article talk about the effects of transit oriented development on efficiency of subway stations and in the end present a proper model for it.

Cities are the center of technological-based evolutions and they play a fundamental role in economic performances. Moreover, cities are the pivotal points of social and cultural affairs and the hub of political conflicts (It could be both war and peace). Also, they have a determinative share in the economic growth and development of societies. The future development of the developing countries is concentrated in the cities. Since Tehran is the capital city of Iran that has approximately 20 percent of the countries total population and its evolutions directly and largely impacts the rest of the country. Therefore, it should be taken its development into further consideration. In this study, the well-known indicators that are used in the evaluation of urban development have been introduced and through such indicators, the main urban development indicators have been examined in Tehran from 1996 to 2002 and the strength and weakness of such development has been identified.