جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « توسعه گردشگری » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

The Syrian crisis, involving armed conflicts by quasi-military groups and terrorist activities by organizations like ISIS, began in 2011, inflicting countless damages to the national resources and capital. According to the United Nations, over 5,440,000 Syrians were registered as refugees in various countries by December 2017. Considering the population of 21 million at the onset of the crisis in 2011, a considerable portion of the population migrated. Additionally, significant casualties and injuries have been inflicted on the human resources. Syria witnessed 1,949 terrorist incidents from 1970 to 2016, with approximately 1,800 occurring from 2001 to 2016, constituting 92% of all incidents. From 2011 to 2016, 95% of the casualties occurred from terrorist incidents in Syria. Damage to the national infrastructure (physical and economic) is another aspect of the harm inflicted, with an estimated $41 billion in damages to infrastructure in six major cities , according to the World Bank. Economists forecast a 6.3% growth in the tourism sector in 2018 compared to the gross domestic product growth. Given these factors, Syria needs reconstruction of its infrastructure and compensation for the damages caused by the domestic crisis. Therefore, comprehensive planning and the selection of tourism development strategies are considered a strategy for development and compensation for damages caused by years of war and a top priority for reviving the social and economic sectors of Syria. In this regard, the role of Damascus as the national capital, the center of political, economic, and legal decisions, is particularly important. Furthermore, government attention and protection during the crisis have minimized damage to the infrastructure of this city. Consequently, the higher security of this city compared to other regions causes a higher priority and cost for the presentation of the tourism development model with an emphasis on Damascus. The success of Damascus in promoting tourism development goals can serve as a model for other regions of Syria. In general, this research aims to identify concepts and principles to clarify the rapid and cost-effective development of Syria's tourism engine.

This research has an applied methodology and is among the qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews are used for data collection. The statistical population consists of two groups, experts (economic activists and managers in the tourism management sector in Syria) and researchers (professors and students in the tourism field in Syria with a track record of publishing articles and books about tourism). A total of 30 in-depth interviews were conducted. Furthermore, MAXQDA 2020 qualitative analysis software was used to analyze the interview data. Grounded theory serves as the theoretical framework for the research.

The tourism functions are at the primary level of the identified themes. These functions include 10 cases. The role of tourism in the national economy (pre-war), tourism and peace, expanding restaurant-dining functions, and the effects of tourism development on the economy are the most important factors. The second theme includes barriers to tourism development, including sub-codes such as infrastructural factors, human resources, political-security barriers, economic barriers, and neglect of tourism branding and marketing. Each code related to barriers to tourism development comprises multiple factors highlighted at various levels. The third theme includes the requirements for tourism development based on interviews. This theme includes three sub-codes: Comprehensive and coordinated tourism development planning, health expansion, pandemic control, infrastructure reconstruction by the government sector, international tourism, domestic tourism, focus on tourist hubs in Damascus, security expansion, tourism expansion, trust as the main premise of tourism development, capital provision through taxation, and tourism marketing and branding. The frequency of repetition of items for the codes is presented in the table below. The fourth theme of the interviews includes target markets. This theme consists of sub-codes such as Arab and Persian Gulf countries, Iranian-Shiite pilgrims, and traditional historical attractions preferred by Europeans. The scores of the first and second sub-codes are presented in the following table. The fifth theme of the interviews covers the types of tourism. These types include sub-codes such as the potential for ecotourism development, urban tourism, dark tourism, and spiritual-religious tourism. The following table describes these items and the number of repetitions for each item.

Six main themes, emphasized by experts and researchers are first identified: The functions of tourism, barriers to tourism development, requirements for tourism development, priorities of target markets, types of tourism, and tourism stakeholders. Each of these themes has been emphasized with various branches. The higher frequency of certain factors indicates their importance. In other words, the barriers to tourism development, with 91 repetitions, have been the most important aspect of Syria's tourism development. Following this theme, the requirements for tourism development with 53 repetitions, types of tourism with 31 repetitions, tourism functions with 19 repetitions, priorities of target markets with 11 repetitions, and tourism stakeholders with 6 repetitions have been highlighted. In general, codes such as "spiritual-religious tourism (not necessarily religious tourism)" with 9 repetitions, "weaknesses in advertising, narration, and branding" with 5 repetitions, "energy constraints in the tourism sector" with 5 repetitions, and "budget shortfall and reduction in government's tax revenue preventing tourism investment" with 4 repetitions have been the most emphasized factors by experts and researchers in the tourism sector in Syria.

As a Labor-intensive industry, tourism helps to improve the economy through employment in tourist destinations, infrastructure development, maintaining financial resources, revitalizing historical and new tourist places, and better understanding of the world's people from each other. The mentioned factors can lead to higher economic growth of the host countries and increase investment in other economic sectors. The housing sector is one of the sectors affected by increased economic growth. Thus, this article aims to analyze the effect of foreign tourism development on housing prices in Iran from the first quarter of 2012 to the first quarter of 2021. For this purpose, the number of foreign tourists entering the country as an indicator for the development of tourism and the variables of dollar price, population, the number of highways under the protection of the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, and the number of issued building permits were considered as control variables. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used for estimation. The estimation results showed that the number of foreign tourists negatively affected Iran’s housing prices during the studied period. Dollar price, population, and the number of highways under the protection of the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development positively affect housing prices, and the number of building permits issued hurts housing prices.

Nowadays, food has found a special place in the tourism industry and most restaurants, hotels, and residences promote their food culture. Furthermore, Food is one of the main motivations for tourism, and Iran is considered one of the main schools of food with its variety of food, drink, and bread. Therefore, the need to deal with food tourism is very important in the development of tourism. Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the effect of native foods on the development of food tourism in traditional restaurants in Tehran, which is practical and descriptive-analytical research. For this purpose, a researcher-made questionnaire with four indicators of restaurants' spatial distribution, interior space, native food, and tourist attraction was used. Questionnaires were completed by 350 domestic and foreign tourists and 250 managers of traditional restaurants in Tehran in the year 1400 and the sampling was done randomly. The questionnaire's validity and reliability were confirmed with Cronbach's alpha value of 0.859, respectively. The data analysis was done through one-sample t-test, LSD, and structural equation modeling. The results showed that in the index of spatial distribution, the factor of the proximity of traditional restaurants to historical attractions with a value or factor load of 0.56 and respect for the spatial distribution of traditional restaurants with a factor of 0.3 had the highest and lowest effects, respectively. In terms of the local food index, the attractiveness of food variable had the highest effect with a factor of 0.67, and the use of Tehran local foods in traditional restaurants has the lowest effect with a factor of 0.18. In terms of the indoor space, inducing a sense of relaxation with a factor of 0.57 had the highest effect, and tourists' knowledge of local foods had the lowest effect with a factor of 0.1. In terms of the tourist attraction, diversity in preparing and serving local foods with a factor of 0.67 has the greatest effect, and sharing the experience of serving local food with others had less importance with a factor of 0.44. As a result, it can be stated that the presence of native foods in traditional restaurants of Tehran can be very effective in the development of gastronomy tourism industry

The current research was conducted to design and explain the development model of creative rural tourism in the target villages of Kermanshah province. The research is of a qualitative type and based on database theorizing. The studied community comprised villagers of tourism target villages, managers of ecotourism houses, village councils, local experts, university professors in the field of tourism, and key informants. Sampling has been done using targeted and snowball methods. Based on this, 23 interviews were conducted with the research participants, and theoretical saturation was achieved in 19 interviews. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's strategy. In order to measure the validity and respect the qualitative features of the research, accreditation, and data during the interviews, Lincoln and Goba's four criteria (credibility, transferability, reliability, and verifiability) were used. The reliability of the research was calculated using Holstein's reliability formula (82%). The results of the inductive content analysis identified 120 primary codes, 32 central codes, and six factors during three open, central, and selective coding procedures. Finally, the model of creative rural tourism was designed and presented, in which "creative rural tourism" was selected as the central phenomenon affected by the causal factors of the research. Contextual and intervening factors, together with the central phenomenon, shaped creative rural tourism development strategies and consequences such as increasing private sector investments, driving income from cities to villages, preventing migration to cities, increasing employment rates, returning to villages and cultural development, and a sense of cooperation were identified in the area.

Nowadays, the tourism industry is recognized as a leading sector and driving force for the development of most societies. Optimal planning and development of this sector requires sufficient knowledge and understanding of the issues and factors affecting this industry's development and its future changes. This study aims to identify the factors affecting tourism development with a structural analysis method in Khorramabad County. In terms of purpose, the present study is practical, and its nature is analytical-exploratory with future study approaches. Also, the data collection was in the form of documents and fields. The statistical population of this study was experts and specialists, and 14 people were selected by snowball sampling method. The structural analysis method and Micmac software have been used to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire of experts and specialists. The results show that among the 37 identified factors, 12 key factors had a more significant impact on tourism development in Khorramabad County, which should be considered in the planning and development of the tourism industry of this county. These factors include hospitality culture, training of experts in the field of tourism, tourism development policies, and plans, participation of citizens, expansion of tours and travel agencies, advertising and marketing expansion, entrepreneurship boom and business environment in tourism, private investment, competitiveness in attracting tourists, variety of tourist attractions and places, tourism branding, the amount of the annual budget allocated by the government in the tourism.

Every city has environmental, cultural, social and physical characteristics that give identity to cities. The identity characteristics of each city play an undeniable role in developing tourism. The study aims to identify and evaluate the factors of urban identity affecting the tourism development in Shiraz city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and was done in a survey way. The statistical population of the research was 315 tourists, who were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data were collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire. The content method was exerted for the validity of the questionnaire and the Cronbach's alpha method was applied to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, and the alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.872. For data analysis, SPSS software and factor analysis, one-sample t-test, ANOVA and Duncan tests were used. Using factor analysis, 13 urban identity factors affecting tourist attraction and tourism development in Shiraz city were identified. Also, the findings indicated that the two factors of historical monuments of different eras (4.57), and celebrities, mystics and writers (4.42) are the most important factors of urban identity affecting the tourism development in Shiraz city, and urban infrastructure (2.36) had the least impact. Therefore, it is suggested that urban planners emphasize preserving all the historical, cultural, literary, natural and physical identity factors of the city, and by using all the identity factors, try to introduce the city and develop sustainable tourism

The purpose of this research is to analyze the discourse of Iran's government management in the field of tourism development. The scope of this research was all the texts expressed by government managers in the tourism sector in three historical periods of governance in the Islamic Republic of Iran, including the reform discourse, the justice-oriented discourse, and the moderation discourse in 8-year periods. The scope of this research included a collection of texts that were published in newspapers, magazines, and the website of the presidency, etc. The statistical sample in this research was a total of 83 texts that were interpreted and analyzed. Library method was used to collect data in this research. The current research method was discourse analysis. The findings showed that the managers of two periods have thought about achieving good governance indicators and have stated in many texts that it is necessary to move in that direction. But in both eras, contrary to what has been said, the reality is something else, and the current situation is far from the promised situation, which is good governance. Using the method of discourse analysis and examining linguistic rules, it is possible to find out in the discourse coordinates of government administrators that speaking beautifully in the eyes of the public can make weak performance appear strong by deceiving public opinion.

The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the challenges of rural tourism development in Lande city using fuzzy cognitive mapping approach. The study population consists of experts who are aware of the tourism issues of the city and have high work experience and university professors. To collect information using fuzzy cognitive mapping method, in the first step after identifying the research problem and selecting experts with the necessary knowledge, the experts' mind map was extracted during group intellectual meetings and continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. The responses were then categorized by the group facilitator based on the identified dimensions. The findings show that the cognitive mapping for rural tourism challenges includes 48 elements. Mapping analysis using FCMaper shows that these elements include 23 normal elements, 14 transmitter elements, and 11 receiver elements. The results obtained from mapping show that the element of incorrect use of loans and bank facilities in unrelated activities with having the highest input level is the most effective mapping element and the lack of proper communication road along tourist destination routes with having the highest output level is the most effective mapping element. Are study. Centrality is another indicator that shows the intensity of the effect of the elements and is obtained from the sum of inputs and outputs. Analyzes show that the element of lack of proper communication road along the target tourist routes with the highest degree of entry and exit is the most central element of mapping.

Religious tourism, a branch of cultural tourism, can stimulate development, especially in rural areas. This research was conducted to conceptualize a religious tourism development model emphasizing the holy sites of Kermanshah province. The research approach was of qualitative and Grounded Theory type; the research sample comprised experts in the field of religious tourism. Accordingly, 16 semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants using the purposeful sampling method. The four criteria of Lincoln and Guba, including credibility, transferability, reliability, and verifiability, were used to measure the validity and comply with the qualitative research features, validation, accuracy, and robustness of the data. The reliability of the research was also assessed using the test-retest reliability method, with 77% reliability. Strauss and Corbin’s systematic approach analyzed data. Through three open, central, and selective coding procedures, the content analysis results yielded 71 concepts, 14 sub-categories, and six main categories. Finally, the paradigmatic religious tourism development model was presented, in which the development of religious tourism was chosen as the central phenomenon affected by the causal conditions of the research. Contextual and intervening conditions and the central phenomenon formed religious tourism development strategies, and economic, cultural, and social development outcomes were obtained. In the end, practical suggestions were presented for developing religious tourism in Kermanshah province.

Today, tourism development is recognized as one of the important strategies for achieving sustainable development and has found a particular place in the development plans of various countries. The aim of this study is to identify tourism development scenarios with a futures  studies approach in Khorramabad County.   The present study is applied in terms of purpose and has an analytical-exploratory nature and is based on future study methods. The data and information collection method is documentary and field and the population of this research was 14 experts in the field of tourism and spatial planning. To analyze the data, the cross-impact analysis method, MICMAC software and Scenario Wizard were used.The findings of this study showed that 12 key factors are effective in the development of tourism in the study area, which, according to scenario analysis, leads to 36 possible situations. After analysis of possible scenarios, 3 scenarios with very high scores and a high probability of occurrence, 11 plausible scenarios and 3471 scenarios with a low probability have been shown in the development of tourism. In addition, a static scenario with a favorable trend is known to be the most probable scenario. Finally, strategies and policies have been proposed for tourism development in the study area according to the selected scenario

In today’s world, finding practical solutions to deal with rural developments is required for the survival of the villages. On the other hand, many countries consider tourism as the economic driving force, setting as the main strategy in developing appropriate plans for rural development. To this end, social entrepreneurship and tourism are given specific priority, the promotion of which could prepare the grounds for the development and progress of rural areas. Therefore, considering the fact that social entrepreneurship criteria are of great importance in rural tourism development and that few studies have so far been conducted on the assessment of the effectiveness of such criteria in fulfilling the development goals, this study sought to investigate social entrepreneurship criteria in rural tourism development in Gilan province, Iran. To this end, first, the criteria for social entrepreneurship in tourism were identified by reviewing the related literature. Then, a researcher-developed questionnaire was administered to thirty-five entrepreneurs, experts, and professionals in the field of tourism with at least five years of working experience who were selected via snowball sampling to identify the significance of each criterion with regard to the other ones. Finally, the investigated criteria were ranked using Interpretive structural modeling (ISM). According to the findings of the study, nine levels were identified for the ranking of the investigated criteria, with the ninth level, that is belief in entrepreneurship and the creative use of resources, being the most influential social entrepreneurship criteria involved in rural tourism development in Gilan province.

Today, tourism is more than an industry, as a global and social dynamic phenomenon with its own complexities. A detailed understanding and scientific analysis of this phenomenon can provide a reliable framework for planning the tourism industry. As the biggest social movement with numerous cultural, economic, and spatial consequences, this industry always needs to make its development effective now and in the future. In this regard, planning for tourism development depends on various factors and conditions, which can be achieved under the condition of their systematic and structured application. This issue shows the importance of future research, the necessity of formulating future visions in the tourism development process, and the social drivers among them. For this purpose, the current research attempts to identify and analyze the critical social drivers affecting tourism development in the horizon 2025. In the following article, 17 primary factors were extracted with the Delphi technique, then the cross-effects matrix of the components was formed using the Delphi method of managers. In the next step, matrix analysis was done with Mic Mac software. The results of the dispersion of the variables in the axis of influence and influence of the factors in the Mic Mac software show the system's stability in tourism development. Accordingly, the findings of the research showed that among the drivers identified, the drivers of the development of participation in tourism, strengthening the knowledge of the residents of areas with tourist attractions regarding the tourism potential of the region, developing local native games, the mental image of the tourist destination, strengthening local institutions in order to invest in tourism, making the local community aware of how to deal with tourists. Increasing the culture of tourism acceptance, the connection between the components of the tourism chain, accommodation facilities, and arranging the influence of natives' opinions in the meetings of people and officials in the media were identified as key drivers.

The purpose of the research is to investigate and explain the effect of marketing mix on the tourism development of Kangan city. The current research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-survey based on its nature and method. The statistical population of the research has been reported as an unlimited number of customers in a period of 6 months, and 384 of the customers were selected as a statistical sample and participated in the research using Morgan's table. The tool for collecting information is a standard questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed using the opinion of relevant experts. Cronbach's alpha was used to calculate the reliability, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire is equal to 0٫924, which is more than 0٫7, and therefore the high reliability of the questionnaire has been confirmed. The test of research hypotheses has been evaluated using SPSS21 software. And the results have shown that the price has an effect on the tourism development of Kangan city. The product has an effect on the tourism development of Kangan city. Distribution has an effect on the tourism development of Kangan city. The promotion has an effect on the tourism development of Kangan city.

The town of Dasht Noor in Mazandaran is one of the largest and most beautiful recreational and tourist towns. This town is located in Noor city and provides an exceptional opportunity both for sightseeing and recreation as well as for investment. The project of the beautiful town of Dasht Noor started with private sector investments in 2010 and the first phase of this town was opened in 2014. Since many different projects in multiple phases of this beautiful town are still under construction, this area can be seen as a great opportunity for investment in Mazandaran. field) and this research was conducted in order to reach the development of Dasht Noor tourism industry, its potentials and limitations were investigated andAnd the desired strategy for the development of the tourism industry has been determined, and from the analysis of the obtained data, it was concluded that appropriate policies and the use of its abilities and capabilities should be put on the agenda in order to give more strategic value to this potential point. to be given.

The prosperity of tourism in each region depends on the conditions and characteristics of that region, so identifying the factors affecting the development of tourism in each region is the first step to develop tourism there. The present study tries to evaluate the factors affecting the development of tourism in Bojnourd according to the natural and human context of the region. This research is a descriptive-analytical research in terms of applied purpose. The statistical population in the present study was two groups, the first group includes hosts and trustees of tourism units who after identifying and determining the most important places and tourist attractions of Bojnourd, which were 75, a total of 300 people were selected as a statistical sample and the second group includes related experts. With tourism affairs, a total of 50 people were selected as a statistical sample for this group. Findings showed that among the factors affecting tourism development according to the trustees, among the 4 main indicators, the highest average was related to the environmental index with an average of 4.1 and the lowest average was related to the socio-cultural index with an average of 3.08. Also, according to experts, among the factors affecting tourism development, the highest average is related to "infrastructure factors" with 3.8 and the lowest average is related to "socio-cultural factors" and is equal to 3.1. The final results obtained in the present study showed that the key strategic factors resulting from the present study can be in the focus of managers and planners in Bojnourd, creating a suitable opportunity for sustainable development of the region based on tourism, achieving the desired position of the region. In the field of domestic and even international tourism and the transformation of North Khorasan and Bojnourd city into a sustainable and competitive international tourism destination, which has led to economic prosperity and ultimately leads to job creation, productivity of local industries,The prosperity of tourism in each region depends on the conditions and characteristics of that region, so identifying the factors affecting the development of tourism in each region is the first step to develop tourism there. The present study tries to evaluate the factors affecting the development of tourism in Bojnourd according to the natural and human context of the region. This research is a descriptive-analytical research in terms of applied purpose. The statistical population in the present study was two groups, the first group includes hosts and trustees of tourism units who after identifying and determining the most important places and tourist attractions of Bojnourd, which were 75, a total of 300 people were selected as a statistical sample and the second group includes related experts. With tourism affairs, a total of 50 people were selected as a statistical sample for this group. Findings showed that among the factors affecting tourism development according to the trustees, among the 4 main indicators, the highest average was related to the environmental index with an average of 4.1 and the lowest average was related to the socio-cultural index with an average of 3.08. Also, according to experts, among the factors affecting tourism development, the highest average is related to "infrastructure factors" with 3.8 and the lowest average is related to "socio-cultural factors" and is equal to 3.1. The final results obtained in the present study showed that the key strategic factors resulting from the present study can be in the focus of managers and planners in Bojnourd, creating a suitable opportunity for sustainable development of the region based on tourism, achieving the desired position of the region. In the field of domestic and even international tourism and the transformation of North Khorasan and Bojnourd city into a sustainable and competitive international tourism destination, which has led to economic prosperity and ultimately leads to job creation, productivity of local industries,The prosperity of tourism in each region depends on the conditions and characteristics of that region, so identifying the factors affecting the development of tourism in each region is the first step to develop tourism there. The present study tries to evaluate the factors affecting the development of tourism in Bojnourd according to the natural and human context of the region. This research is a descriptive-analytical research in terms of applied purpose. The statistical population in the present study was two groups, the first group includes hosts and trustees of tourism units who after identifying and determining the most important places and tourist attractions of Bojnourd, which were 75, a total of 300 people were selected as a statistical sample and the second group includes related experts. With tourism affairs, a total of 50 people were selected as a statistical sample for this group. Findings showed that among the factors affecting tourism development according to the trustees, among the 4 main indicators, the highest average was related to the environmental index with an average of 4.1 and the lowest average was related to the socio-cultural index with an average of 3.08. Also, according to experts, among the factors affecting tourism development, the highest average is related to "infrastructure factors" with 3.8 and the lowest average is related to "socio-cultural factors" and is equal to 3.1. The final results obtained in the present study showed that the key strategic factors resulting from the present study can be in the focus of managers and planners in Bojnourd, creating a suitable opportunity for sustainable development of the region based on tourism, achieving the desired position of the region. In the field of domestic and even international tourism and the transformation of North Khorasan and Bojnourd city into a sustainable and competitive international tourism destination, which has led to economic prosperity and ultimately leads to job creation, productivity of local industries,

One of the activities developed after the second half of the twentieth century, following factors such as globalization, the development of capitalism, the growth of means of transportation, and the development of technological communications, is tourism. In fact, the development of the tourism industry has significant benefits compared to the development of other types of industries. As a result, most regions around the world are competing with each other to enjoy its benefits, especially the high share of revenue as well as the increase in employment resulting from the development of this service industry. Therefore, planners and managers of various destinations have taken steps to meet this demand and also to continue to be competitive in order to benefit from all available and accessible tourism resources. In the meantime, one of the keys and influential factors in utilizing tourism capacities and organizing destinations, especially urban destinations, is urban management. The development of urban tourism with the promotion of quantitative and qualitative dimensions and with maximum efficiency is closely related to the good urban management in using effective methods of organizing and managing this industry in cities. Thus, the present study seeks to identify and investigate the effective components of urban management and its role in the tourism development of Tabriz metropolis and answer the following question:-What is the role of urban management components on tourism development?

The present research is practical and, in terms of content and method, is in the category of descriptive-analytical research. The required information was collected through library and field methods. In this way, theoretical concepts were first explained in order to clarify the issue. Then, for a more coherent and efficient discussion of the region, the components of urban management (four components) and tourism development (three components) were collected in accordance with the literature and theoretical foundations and experts. The statistical population of the present study includes experts and specialists in the field of tourism, geography, and urban management, and the volume of the statistical sample in this research was calculated through Sample Power software equal to 100 people. The sampling method is also simple random. SPSS and Smart PLS software programs have been exerted in order to study descriptive statistics and analyze the collected data to discover the effect of each factor on the dependent variable of tourism development, respectively.

According to the results, it was clarified that among the components of urban management, integration between urban institutions with a coefficient of 0.698, urban infrastructure with a coefficient of 0.529, urban services and facilities with a coefficient of 0.296, and financial and human resources with a coefficient of 0.106 have the most significant impact on tourism development, respectively. Also, based on the results, the most manifestation of the components of urban management in tourism development can be seen in the dimensions of socio-cultural with a coefficient of 0.867, economic with a coefficient of 0.700, environmental with a coefficient of 0.594.

In the present study, its main purpose was to identify the components of urban management and explain the role of each component on tourism development. After reviewing the existing theoretical foundations, four dimensions of urban infrastructure, tourism services and facilities, integration of urban institutions, and financial and human resources for urban management were extracted. Also, three socio-cultural, economic, and environmental dimensions were considered for tourism development. Then, in order to explain and investigate the impact of each component of urban management on tourism development, Smart-PLS software was employed.According to the results, it was found that the components of urban management have a positive and significant effect on the development of tourism in Tabriz so that the integration of urban institutions (0.698), urban infrastructure (0.529), urban services and facilities (0.296) and financial and human resources (0.106) have the greatest impact on tourism development, respectively. Are. These results indicate the importance of integration between urban institutions among the components of urban management to achieve more significant tourism development among experts and specialists in the field of tourism and geography and urban management. Moreover, the most manifestation of the use of urban management components in tourism development in accordance with the results can be seen in the socio-cultural dimension, which includes items such as a sense of belonging to the host community, increased satisfaction and security, increased cultural and social activities, ease of access, diversity of uses. Finally, it is suggested that based on integrated urban management and attracting local and national investments, in addition to training specialized human resources, Tabriz metropolis can take more steps towards tourism prosperity and, consequently, urban sustainability.

Iran can achieve its rightful place in tourism industry by taking advantage of its media flow and focusing on natural and historical attractions, Spectacular, ancient landscapes and existence of huge tourism resources. Since the role of media in development of tourism has been less introduced in previous researches, the main issue in this research is that how Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting influences and plays a role in development of domestic tourism. The purpose of this article is to identify and present a suitable model for the Role-Making of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting in development of domestic tourism. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and case study in terms of qualitative method. After selection of Radio and Television Organization as a case study, interviews were conducted with 13 experts in the Radio and Television Organization in the field of media and tourism based on STAR framework. The collected data were transcribed and categorized into sub-dimensions and concepts using interpretive analysis and open coding. Finally, a comprehensive model of Role-Making of IRIB in the development of domestic tourism in term of four main dimensions of environmental challenges with 5 concepts of media, host society, tourists, tourism facilities and services, government; role of media with 6 concepts of economic, cultural, social, Environmental, managerial and policy-making; media actions with 3 concepts of radio, television and social media, and consequences of Media effectiveness with 6 concepts of economic, cultural, social, environmental, managerial and geographical distribution with subset Code is presented.

Iran, with its vast geographical area, historical richness and also ethnic diversity, has many potentials for the development of intangible heritage tourism. However, so far there is no codified system to attract such tourists. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to Design a Model for the Development of Intangible Tourism in Iran using the Grounded theory approach. Therefore, a semi-structured interview consisting of five general question and with 19 experts in this field, including: University professors, tourism administrators and cultural tour guides were selected using purposive sampling method with snowball approach, was done. MAXQDA qualitative software and manual coding method were used to analyze the data. In order to evaluate the face and content validity, the findings were presented to several participants and their opinions were applied after studying them. In order to check the reliability, the method of intra-subject agreement was used and the agreement rate was 84%. According to the research findings causal factors include: economic, cultural, social, historical and diplomatic, the basics include: policy making, organizational, educations and research and planning, barriers include: modernism, bureaucracy, conflict management and government, strategies also included: marketing, integrated information system, event management, support and participation, and the results and consequences included: economic, social-cultural, perceptual, developmental and sustainable. The results of this research will help the policy makers of intangible heritage tourism development in planning and implementation.

Extended AbstractIntroductionOne of the activities developed after the second half of the twentieth century, following factors such as globalization, the development of capitalism, the growth of means of transportation, and the development of technological communications, is tourism. In fact, the development of the tourism industry has significant benefits compared to the development of other types of industries. As a result, most regions around the world are competing with each other to enjoy its benefits, especially the high share of revenue as well as the increase in employment resulting from the development of this service industry. Therefore, planners and managers of various destinations have taken steps to meet this demand and also to continue to be competitive in order to benefit from all available and accessible tourism resources. In the meantime, one of the keys and influential factors in utilizing tourism capacities and organizing destinations, especially urban destinations, is urban management. The development of urban tourism with the promotion of quantitative and qualitative dimensions and with maximum efficiency is closely related to the good urban management in using effective methods of organizing and managing this industry in cities. Thus, the present study seeks to identify and investigate the effective components of urban management and its role in the tourism development of Tabriz metropolis and answer the following question:-What is the role of urban management components on tourism development?MethodologyThe present research is practical and, in terms of content and method, is in the category of descriptive-analytical research. The required information was collected through library and field methods. In this way, theoretical concepts were first explained in order to clarify the issue. Then, for a more coherent and efficient discussion of the region, the components of urban management (four components) and tourism development (three components) were collected in accordance with the literature and theoretical foundations and experts. The statistical population of the present study includes experts and specialists in the field of tourism, geography, and urban management, and the volume of the statistical sample in this research was calculated through Sample Power software equal to 100 people. The sampling method is also simple random. SPSS and Smart PLS software programs have been exerted in order to study descriptive statistics and analyze the collected data to discover the effect of each factor on the dependent variable of tourism development, respectively.Result and discussionAccording to the results, it was clarified that among the components of urban management, integration between urban institutions with a coefficient of 0.698, urban infrastructure with a coefficient of 0.529, urban services and facilities with a coefficient of 0.296, and financial and human resources with a coefficient of 0.106 have the most significant impact on tourism development, respectively. Also, based on the results, the most manifestation of the components of urban management in tourism development can be seen in the dimensions of socio-cultural with a coefficient of 0.867, economic with a coefficient of 0.700, environmental with a coefficient of 0.594.ConclusionIn the present study, its main purpose was to identify the components of urban management and explain the role of each component on tourism development. After reviewing the existing theoretical foundations, four dimensions of urban infrastructure, tourism services and facilities, integration of urban institutions, and financial and human resources for urban management were extracted. Also, three socio-cultural, economic, and environmental dimensions were considered for tourism development. Then, in order to explain and investigate the impact of each component of urban management on tourism development, Smart-PLS software was employed.According to the results, it was found that the components of urban management have a positive and significant effect on the development of tourism in Tabriz so that the integration of urban institutions (0.698), urban infrastructure (0.529), urban services and facilities (0.296) and financial and human resources (0.106) have the greatest impact on tourism development, respectively. Are. These results indicate the importance of integration between urban institutions among the components of urban management to achieve more significant tourism development among experts and specialists in the field of tourism and geography and urban management. Moreover, the most manifestation of the use of urban management components in tourism development in accordance with the results can be seen in the socio-cultural dimension, which includes items such as a sense of belonging to the host community, increased satisfaction and security, increased cultural and social activities, ease of access, diversity of uses. Finally, it is suggested that based on integrated urban management and attracting local and national investments, in addition to training specialized human resources, Tabriz metropolis can take more steps towards tourism prosperity and, consequently, urban sustainability.Keywords: Urban Management, Tourism Development, Tabriz Metropolis, Structural Equations, Smart-PLS.