جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « earthquakes » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

Damages are not exclusive to the time of the earthquakes; rather, the negative and undesirable effects of earthquakes, such as social delinquencies, remain in the society after the event. Therefore, in case of deficiencies in providing proper services for the survived people suffering from these damages, irremediable damages may inflict them after the earthquake. This study is intended to investigate the effects of earthquakes on vital arteries and the relations of the effects of earthquakes on infrastructures, and the role of these events on social crisis management. Furthermore, it is aimed at designing a causal model identifying the relation between earthquakes and increasing social crises, and providing a new classification for vital arteries system in order to pave the way for reducing social crises. In order to gain the ability to perform well in different situations before, during and after earthquakes regarding social crises, it is necessary to establish coordination among activities. To achieve it, the researchers suggest that a central headquarter, called the crisis headquarter, be established on the basis of necessary and efficient strategies together with the ways to implement and train them.

  During the past years, some areas of the country have been affected by environmental crises such as floods and earthquakes. The large numbers and the extent of destruction have increased the necessity of proper crisis management and coherence among management factors. Logistics and its management is one of the most important factors. This research considers the importance and position of logistics management during a crisis and provides appropriate strategies in this regard. The main objective of this research is to study theoretical literature on describing common methods and research perspectives on logistics management in times of crisis; and also provides directions and perspectives for future studies in the field of logistics management during the crisis. The domain of this research is defined as 7.2 Richter scale earthquakes in Kermanshah in November 2017. The methodology of this study is a descriptive (qualitative) research by collecting data as a functional purpose. Interviews, collaborative observations, documentation, questionnaire and etc. are used as qualitative data to better understanding and explaining social complex phenomena. The emergence of qualitative research relates to a human factor. Findings: The studies and analysis of the interviews showed that logistics in the field of crisis management, especially for earthquakes, has a significant role; because of this outstanding role in the earthquake crisis, logistics may have a significant impact on the success of crisis management measures. Accordingly, logistical measures in crises such as earthquakes includes activities such as equipment supply, warehousing and maintenance, fleet management, tools and materials and individuals transportation’s management, asset management, facility management, security, information and management and communications

Background and Today, governments and communities are trying to improve the conditions for life in risk areas, by improving resilience to natural disasters such as earthquakes. Knowledge management or In other words increased levels of knowledge and awareness in local communities is one of the major categories in the field. In this regard, Studies and Crisis Management Center of the City of Kerman due to the earthquake the city and the need to build resilient communities, has taken essential steps, to hold their local education in the city.
The study that was carried out in the neighborhood Sarasiab of Kerman, is functional in terms of purpose, Descriptive- survey in terms of data collection and correlation in terms of way. The questionnaire used in this study were made by researchers and their validity was confirmed by professors and experts after necessary amendments and proposals, in addition to Cronbach's alpha, reliability showed acceptable values. Finally were distributed randomly among the members of Kerman in the neighborhood Sarasiab. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test hypotheses of research and for comparison the variable average used of the single-sample t-test, ANOVA and Tukey test.
Finding: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship between knowledge management related to earthquake and social factors of resilience, additionally, sub-hypotheses were confirmed. Also, the mean variables of interest in this study between groups in sex, age and education showed that knowledge management and social factors resiliency average does not differ between sex groups, but is differ among age and education groups that used Tukey test to see these differences.
According to the results of research and the role of knowledge in promoting resilience, recommended that responsible organizations for disaster management, including research centers and Red Crescent Societies, according to the unpredictability of earthquakes, strengthen the program and educational classes at the community level to promote resiliency.

While Natural disasters occurred, human is unable to impact directly upon it and their lifr are endangered. During the natural hazard, Responding of any urban textures against natural disasters has a direct effect on capabilities of residents fleeing and Finding of Shelters, rescue services and forces assistance, purging and reconstructing and temporary accommodation. In addition to historical and cultural value, worn urban textures are exposed to earthquakes for reasons such as lack of technical standards, building construction, urban networks inefficient more than other urban textures. Crisis management in city especially worn urban textures need to know the extent and distribution of vulnerability. In the present study, we have assessed the vulnerability of Minab worn textures against environmental hazards (earthquakes), with the descriptive-analytical method. We have also used effective indicators of physical, demographic and environment to identify vulnerable zones. Research findings show that 54 percent of the land in Minab worn textures are exposed to medium, high and very high vulnerability and located mainly around the center of the old city.

Earthquakes have always affected human communities, leaving irreparable damage. Therefore, getting prepared to deal with such crisis through identifying vulnerable spots and eliminating them are effective strategies in reducing the damage caused by an earthquake. Many Iranian cities are located in the areas with medium or high relative risk of earthquake. The city of Gorgan with a population, over 330,000 and an area of 3600 hectares in 2012 one of the cities located on earthquake-prone zones with high relative risk of earthquake. Poor positioning of infrastructure plays major role in increasing the vulnerability of the cities during an earthquake. In this paper, the extent of vulnerability in Gorgan was considered through calculating, combining and analyzing factors such as access to medical centers, the distance from fire stations, access to temporary accommodation spaces and the distance from gas stations and gas pressure reduction sites using fuzzy logic model and Arc GIS software. Based on the final map, the distribution of infrastructures in Gorgan has not been accomplished well. The buildings in the western and southern parts of the city, including neighborhoods in the path of nahaarkhoran and Kashani Boulevard are more vulnerable compared to the other parts regarding the distance from infrastructures. This can be met by positioning urban facilities and urban equipment in the mentioned areas. Proper distribution of urban infrastructures in metropolitan areas of cities, including neighborhoods in the path Golshahr, belt road and Imam Reza road protects these areas from earthquakes so that they will suffer less destruction in the event of an earthquake.

Unexpected natural incidents entitled as disasters, involve all sectors and organizations of a society in addition the minds of the authorities. The need to control the disaster and solve it on the one hand and dispatching trained and skilled manpower in the affected areas on the other hand, puts a challenge for disaster managers. However, the number of volunteers dispatched to the affected areas does not exceed the number of fingers. The aim of this study was to identify strategies for dispatching and retention of human resources in the affected areas. This was a descriptive-analytical study. The statistical populations were 220 employees working in the institutions which are obliged to participate in the affected areas. The data were gathered by researcher-made questionnaire: its reliability and validity was verified. T-test was used to analyze the data by SPSS19 software. Feeling useful and effective and obligation and fearing of losing job were the key factors in dispatching and retaining manpowers in affected areas. Manageing due to the organizational levels of staffs and their work experiences can use some factors to dispatch man powers to the affected area which will not be achieved unless with a pre-planned program.

The purpose of this study is to assess earthquake risk analysis of Izeh urban catchment area located in the North East of Khuzestan province using the Multi-criteria models. The parameters used in this study include: the distance from the fault lines، seismic attributes such as magnitude of the earthquake، the geological structure and depth to the water table. In the first stage، five layers of the sesmic charachteristics were produced and classified by GIS 10 software. Then، the pairwise comparison method was employed، and the experts’ opinions were weighted. The results of this study are two zoning map based on WLC and AHP methods. The results of the model indicate that the model based on the AHP and WLC، 10. 92 and 16. 58 Percents of the class area are at very high risk of earthquakes. By evaluating the models according to field observations; it is indicated that WLC model has better performance than AHP model for the seismic hazard zoning in the study area.

Natural disasters have constantly been a big challenge in sustainable development. In order to reach this development, using vulnerability reduction patterns and models is very essential. Therefore, disaster risk reduction is of great importance and should find its proper place in national policies of every country in order to provide an appropriate condition for effective risk reduction in various levels. In this regard, promoting preparedness of the society for encountering future events and their capacities to resist the heavy pressures of disasters needs a comprehensive and widespread planning. This review article uses literature review related to resilience to introduce different resilience model. The society's capacity is called "resilience" in human science which will be addressed in this paper. Its definitions and few resilience models are also presented. At the end, suggestions are made for developing, maintaining and obtaining resilience in disasters.

District 22 of Tehran Municipality with an area of 10,000 hectares is one of the main districts considered as a physical structure for the future of Tehran esp. the eastern part of Tehran. This issue, in turn, shows the attention needed for crisis management issues in this district. One of the most important measures to be taken in parallel with crisis management is making decisions for relief operations. The objective of this study is to find appropriate location for establishing relief teams during earthquakes in area 1 of Tehran Municipal District 22.

In this respect, effective parameters and factors in establishing such location during earthquakes were gathered. Gathering data was done through field study and literature review. Then, the area considered for site location was studied. To analyse the data gathered from relief centers Geographical Information System (GIS) was applied; the derived maps showed the facilities and limitations of the supposed area. Therefore, appropriate buildings for establishing relief teams were identified. In order to find the optimal location among the established present locations, hierarchy analysis model (AHP) was used.

After analysing the effective criteria in site location for relief centers and preparing site maps for appropriate locations for establishing relief teams, we came to conclusions and recommendations were given.

Most of the crises have been aggravated by adverse climatic conditions, escalating human death toll. Regarding past experience of crises, minimum temperature factor is of remarkable importance among different climatic determinants since crises occurring in bad temperature circumstances create double needs for victims and influence rescue and relief efforts. Being aware of climatic conditions and minimum temperature, in particular, could be therefore helpful in prior planning for disaster and organizing the victim's priorities as well as relief and rescue teams so as to reduce the damages and tolls of temperature fall. Raw data gathered from climatology weather stations to recognize and determine minimum temperature changes in Charmahal and Bakhtiari province during various months of the year and to plan for managing disasters especially preparatory, rescue and relief provisions. After statistical calculation, the minimum amount of average temperature was obtained and segregated for all the 12 months of the year and zoning map of temperature for each month was achieved through processing by geographical information system (GIS) software. According to segregated zoning maps of minimum of monthly average temperature, temperature intervals of each month of the year were specified with which the minimum and maximum temperature for each month could be determined. The highest minimum average temperature of Charmahal and Bakhtiari province varies from -2.8 degrees centigrade to 22.6 degrees centigrade. The warmest month of the year relates to July (Tir to Mordad months) with the average temperature of 22.6 degrees Centigrade, in contrast to the lowest minimum average temperature of Charmahal and Bakhtiary province ranging from -21 to 5.3 degrees centigrade in Day and Bahman months. Finally the warmest and coldest months of the year were ranked.

One of the regions in Iran that is exposed to natural disasters, especially earthquakes, is Tehran. Due to their extent and intensity, these incidents destroy urban buildings and infrastructures and finally cause damage to people and make them homeless. It is quite clear that the demand for emergency shelter and people recovering to ordinary life are the main primarily actions after an earthquake. In this regard, a successful management in preventing the consequences of a post-disaster phase, we should have executive plans for rapid rescue and relief, providing temporary shelter and other demands for earthquake victims. Therefore, Tehran disaster mitigation and management organization, has equipped 9 parks in Tehran for accommodating people temporary residence for potential earthquake victims.