جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ضمانت » در نشریات گروه « مالی »

The Gam Sukuk is one of the newest innovations of the Iranian monetary and financial system in financing the real sector of the economy. This new financial instrument can boost the availability of working capital finance for Iranian firms. The Gam Sukuk provides the base for using the potentials of the private sector and capital market to finance the economic businesses.    The main question of the current research is: “What are the jurisprudential foundations and operational model of using Gam Sukuk based on the views of the Iranian Central Bank Shariah Board? Moreover, what are the other related solutions? The results obtained through an analytical-descriptive approach show that based on the Shariah Board Fatwa, the Daman (guarantee) contract can be used for issuing this kind of Sukuk. In this regard, banks will have two roles: issuing Sukuk and guaranteeing that, and can receive separate fees for these duties. Also, the Gam Sukuk can be issued based on two other Islamic contracts which are Sulh and Taweez. When these two contracts are used to justify Gam Sukuk, the bank's obligations appear as on-balance sheet items and hence the bank is considered a debtor. However, in the Daman (guarantee) contract the bank's obligations are off-balance sheet items and the bank is not viewed as a debtor. This is one of the merits of Gam model.

Today, the role of capital markets in financing projects and businesses has more than ever been recognized by economic policy-makers. In spite of designing various instruments of financing, the capital markets’ share in financing is far from policy- makers’ expectations. So to let capital markets attain their desirable place in financing economic enterprises, investigating and removing the hindrances in the process of issuing sukuk is essential. The present study intends to examine alternatives to guarantee in the process of issuing Islamic securities due to the former’s delaying effect on fulfilling the task and its impact on the ultimate costs of financing, then to provide solutions from experts’ viewpoints.    Based on the existing literature, warranty replacements were identified. In the next step, questionnaires based on the obtained factors were distributed among capital market experts. The criteria were then ranked based on TOPSIS method.    The results indicate that determining the top companies for issuing securities without guarantors, supervising the issuer’s revenues by an intermediary agent, issuing securities together with permission for their sale, sinking fund, Sukuk  guarantee fund, and bond ratings, act as substitute guarantees respectively in the process of issuing sukuk  for the capital market.