جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ندای وطن » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

Ahmad Majd-al-Eslam Kermani, one of the most influential Iranian journalists, and Intellectuals of the Iranian Constitution, played a significant role in educating Iranians and directing their attention to the constitution, and law. Due to the unfamiliarity of Iranians with the principles and structure of the constitution and its institutions and the view of the majority of constitutionalists and politicians who sought to redefine the constitution based on their views, Majd-al-Eslam made some of the most important efforts on the structure of the new government, explaining the issue in his four publications, titled, Nedaye Vatan, Al-Jamal, Kashkul and the Mohakemat (Trials(, as well as several books and articles. The decline of the first Iranian National Parliament and its consequences caused him to write a book on the history of the decline of the parliament, the first intellectual of the constitutional era to find the root causes of its decline; no research has been carried out his on works. Based on the method of historical research, this research explains Majdal-e-Islam's views by emphasizing the book on the history of the decline of the Majlis, Nedaye Vatan magazine and other sources in order to examine the causes of the decline of constitutionalism. Findings show that Kermani considers the lack of necessary political and social contexts in Iran and the unfamiliarity of Iranians with the components of the new government and foreign interference as the most important reasons for the decline of constitutionalism. According to him, this ignorance of the structure of the new government caused the interference of each group and institution in the work of each other, and created a fundamental difference between the three important elements of Iranian society at that time, namely, the government, the nation and the monarchy.

Majd al-Islam Kermani was an intellectual clergyman and outstanding journalist of constitution period who spent his life on serving his country. He fought Qajar despotic government, writing several articles in newspapers especially Adab, even to be exiled to Kalat. But after the constitutionalists got victory and the new government established, he published four newspapers in the name of Nedaye Vatan, Al-Jamal, Kashkoul and Mohakemat to praise constitution and to reproach despotism. The gentleness in his speech, being not collaborated to radical Journalists and his special style in dealing with the state and the Court and the Shah in particular led him to be accused as a hypocrite and a profiteer. These accusations intensified by his visit to Isfahan when his repeated meetings with Bakhtiari Khans during the minor tyranny turned him in to one of the Shah’s spies and made him to desist his political and journalistic activities. In this paper, reviewing the political life of Majd al-Islam, it is tried to clarify the accuracy or dishonesty of the accusations attributed to him and their background, the opinions of his contemporary proponents and opponents and later researchers as well.