جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « suspension of rights » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

A comparative study of emergency law with a look at the management of COVID-19 disease; from legal foundations to imposing criminal interventionGiven that one of the main functions of the political system is to protect citizens and ensure their security in the face of various accidents and dangers, regulating the mechanism of governing society in emergency situations is considered as a right and duty of the government. Emergencies change the normal course of life and require appropriate action. However, in a democratic political system, government actions in emergencies also need to be bound by law and procedures designed to manage the situation. Emergency rights are governed by regulations, management structure and procedures, and how the law is enforced in an emergency. In this article, with analytical-interpretive method, in examining the question that according to the models of dealing with the emergency situation in the law of the studied countries, is there an efficient legal system in Iranian law for managing emergency situations? The findings of the study indicate that although the existence of the mechanism of the Supreme National Security Council solves the problem of prescribed regulations and unforeseen conditions and the formation of the National Corona headquarters and the implementation of its resolutions are justified by the same logic, but according to Article 79 of the Constitution, and Benefiting from the experience of different countries, it is necessary to formulate emergency law. Comprehensive and efficient regulations that, by their automatic implementation, while managing the affairs of the country in an emergency situation, have the authority to make special regulations appropriate to the emergency situation and are responsible for regulating violations and determining the responsible body to ensure the certainty of law enforcement.

State of emergency is one of the inevitable realities of any political system. The how governments confront with state of emergency and legal framework of this confrontation is an important challenge in Public Law in different countries. Although Iran is subject to natural and abnormal crises, it has no coherent laws in its legal system and Article 79 of the constitution of Iran stipulating the state of emergency is abandoned. This article examines how one of the modern legal systems, especially Canada, confronts with state of emergency as a preliminary studies to predict desirable legal status of that confrontation in Iran. So it is answered in this article that how Canadian government confronts with annoying issues disrupting security, and how legal system of Canada recognize the State of Emergency. This study expresses Canadian emergency regime by a descriptive-analytical view in the historical context. According to a preliminary study of some laws of the Canadian Parliament, it was assumed that in emergencies, Canada would also by enacting and enforcing a parliamentary law declare a state of emergency with a variety of emergencies over a given period of time with limited powers of government.  But the study of historical behavior of Canadian government has shown that the conditions in our hypothesis are in the laws, but not in practice; and other mechanisms such as the suspension of a part of “the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms” and in particular the enacting of "anti-terrorism legislation" have been enforced federally in the post-9/11 period.