جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « temporal coming-into-being » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

In the history of Islamic thoughts, Kalām specialists mostly believed in temporal coming-into-being of the universe, and on the other side, Islamic philosophers mostly believed in temporal eternity of it. But in contrast, “Mulla Sadra” as an Islamic philosopher, on the basis of the “renewing creation” based on the “substantial motion”, believed in temporal coming-into-being of the universe in every moment; but meanwhile, he rejects the temporal finitism. In this paper, after reconsidering the concepts of “temporal coming-into-being” and “temporal finitude” of the universe, I criticize the most important arguments against the temporal finitism, using the framework of Mulla Sadra’s transcendent philosophy. So I show that one can accept Mulla Sadra’s philosophical framework and his “renewing creation”, but reject his arguments against temporal finitism. Finally, I argue that not only there is no contradiction between transcendent philosophy and temporal finitism, but also this framework helps a lot for a coherent and valid explanation of both the temporal coming-into-being of the universe and the temporal finitude of it. Accordingly, I have introduced a new picture for temporal coming-into-being, in which the universe has both temporal beginning and renewing creation. One could call this theory "The temporally finite renewing universe". This model in addition to enjoying the benefits of the fruitful framework of transcendent philosophy, helps to solve some of the interdisciplinary problems and possible conflicts.

The theory of coming into being through perpetual duration (eternal creation) was provided by Mirdamad about the issue of temporality and eternity of the universe. He believed that the attribute of "eternality" is specific to eternal existence of the most High God, and the existence of every creature (whether immaterial or material) is precedented by non-existence through perpetual duration and qualified by coming into being through perpetual duration. Subsequent philosophers like Mulla Hadi Sabzevari understood and interpreted coming into being through perpetual duration on the basis of causal relationship between degrees of being, in which the non-caused precedes the existence of the caused in the level of existence of cause, and admitted that attributing such a coming into being to the caused does not contradict with eternity of the non-caused. On the other hand, some statements made by Mirdamad to explain and clarify his theory indicate that such interpretations do not refer to what he meant by coming into being through perpetual duration; rather, he meant actual preceding non-existence which precedes the existence of the universe without being qualified by any real or imaginary quantity and causes separable posteriority for the existence of every creature from the existence of creator, not temporal preceding non-existence because non-existence through perpetual duration contradicts with the existence of consequent and is generally removed and negated by generating the existence from generator. The present paper rereads and reanalyzes the theory of coming into being through perpetual duration in order to elucidate it and prove the contradiction between Mulla Hadi Sabzevari's interpretation of coming into being through perpetual duration and what Mirdamad really meant by it.

Temporality or eternality of the universe is an interdisciplinary issue have been discussed in theology, philosophy, and mysticism. This paper concerns, in detail, theories and various arguments of Muslim theologians in respect to temporality and eternality of the world. Besides, it deals with various theories, bases and philosopher and theologian arguments, from one hand, and disputes of recent theologian who have philosophical tendency, from other hand, with ancient theologians. Finally, this article indicates to point of view of Mulla-Sadra that considers ascribing theory of eternity to ancient grate philosophers as false opinion, establishing that, following divine prophets, they have accepted temporality of the material world and substances. Mulla-Sadra accepts this theory and endeavors to reconcile views of philosophers and theologians as well.

he issue of temporal eternity and coming into being of the universe deals with the question whether the universe existed from the pre-eternity or has had a temporal beginning, which have long discussed by Muslim and non-Muslim. The present paper conducts a historical analysis of the issue in the history of theology with emphasis on views of the most famous theologians from different schools. It seems that the history of this issue dates back to ancient Greece and it has been discussed in the history of theology since its beginning. Although it is thought that theologians have unanimously emphasized on the temporal coming into being of the universe, the historical reanalysis of the issue shows theologian's different approaches in this regard.