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The ability of rice husk (RH) to remove four different types of dye pollutants from wastewater—methylene blue, Congo red, brilliant green, and crystal violent—using various design parameters is the subject of this article. The initial concentration of the dye, the absorbance material packing height, which was RH, the pH of the dye solution feed inlet, the treatment time, the feed flow rate, and the feed temperature were the design parameters studied to adsorb the above four dyes using RH as an adsorbent material. These parameters were varied from (1-100) mg/l, (10-100) cm, (1-8), (1-60) min, (5-100) ml/hr, and (20-55°C The results demonstrate that for brilliant green, Congo red, crystal violent, and methylene blue dyes from aquatic solution, the highest removal efficiency was (95.81, 93.44, 96.62, and 96.35)%, respectively. and while the removal efficiencies rose with increasing absorption material bed height and feeding temperature, these efficiencies declined with increasing starting concentration and flow rate. For methylene blue, brilliant green, and crystal violent dyes, the removal efficiency rose with rising pH of solution, however it reduced for Congo red dye with increasing pH of solution. The elimination efficiency of the dyes employed in this study's dyes is integrated with all operating parameters to create a general equation using a statistical model. By doing this, we can get rid of agricultural waste RH as well as hazardous dyes that have tainted the water.

In this report, a simple and eco-friendly biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using Pomegranate leaves extracts as the reducing agent from CuNPs had been investigated. The formation of copper nanoparticles was characterized by UV-Vis spectrum, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis. The UV-Vis spectra results show a strong resonance centered on the surface of silver nanoparticles (CuNPs) at 280 nm. The Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy spectral study demonstrates Pomegranate leaves extract acted as the reducing agent. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis shows nanoparticles with an average particle size ranges about 19.82-38.15 nm. The structural characterization was carried out using XRD consistent with (111), (200), (311), and (400) reflections of the face-centered cubic (fcc) phase of the CuNPs .The biologically synthesized copper nanoparticles were found to be effective in controlling the growth of human pathogens viz., Salmonella. This route is rapid, simple, without any hazardous chemicals as reducing or stabilizing agents, and economical to synthesize CuNPs.