جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Probiotic » در نشریات گروه « ریاضی »

Probiotics as alternatives to chemicals and antibiotics have proven to be effective in promoting successful aquaculture. They can improve water quality, increase tolerance to stress, generate high-quality livestock, etc. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of adding Lactobacillus rhamnosus PTCC 1637 to water on the intestinal tissue of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. This experiment was performed in three treatments including 1: days 1 to 7; 2: days 1 to 20; and 3: days 1 to 60, by adding the bacterium at 106-107 CFU/mL into the water and also a control group. The above mentioned concentrations of the bacterium in group 1 were added on days 1, 3, and 5; in group 2, at every two days; and in group 3, from 1 to 20 on every other day, then from 20 to 60, once in four days. At the end of the experiment, intestinal alteration was examined. The results showed that the highest length (247.2 µm) and width of intestinal villi (70.6 µm) were related to the hatched egg group from 1 to 60 days (hatched egg part), while the lowest in the control group. There was no significant difference between the average width and length of the intestinal villi in other treatments compared to the control group. In general, the use of bacteria in the eyed eggs group (days 1 to 60 at a concentration of 107 CFU/mL) showed a more favorable result than in the alevin and fry groups. Finally, the direct addition of probiotics to the water effectively improved intestinal morphology in O. mykiss.

The present study was performed to examine the effects of probiotic addition to diet containing soybean meal (SBM) on growth and intestinal histomorphometry of rainbow trout. A total of 300 fry with mean initial weight of 20.05 ± 0.20 g were distributed to 12 tanks for 90 days. Experimental diets were included control (SBM 0 + probiotic 0), SBM 0 + probiotic 1, SBM 20% + probiotic 0, SBM 20% + probiotic 1, SBM 40% + probiotic 0 and SBM 40% + probiotic 1. On the 30th day, the highest body weight increasing rate (BWI %) and specific growth rate (SGR) were observed in diet containing SBM 0 (0 and probiotic 1) and SBM 20% + probiotic. On the 60th day, adding probiotic to SBM 0 and SBM 20% led to the highest BWI (p < 0.05). The lowest values of final weight, BWI (%) and SGR were achieved in SBM 40% without probiotic (p<0.05). Feed efficiency ratio was elevated in diets containing SBM 40% (p<0.05). On the 90th day, final weight, final length and SGR were highest in fish fed SBM 0 (0 and 1 probiotic) and SBM 20% containing probiotic (p<0.05). According to intestinal histomorphometry, on the 60th day, the highest villus height was found by supplementation of probiotic to SBM 0 (p<0.05). Epithelium thickness was significantly reduced by increasing SBM level to 40% (p<0.05). The greatest mucous thickness and goblet cells were observed  in SBM 0 (0 and 1 probiotic) and SBM 20% containing probiotic groups (p<0.05). According to results on the 90th day, villus height was significantly decreased by SBM level increasing (p<0.05). Epithelium thickness, mucous thickness and goblet cell in diet containing SBM 40% were lower than those in the other treatments (p<0.05). Considering present study, addition of probiotic to SBM 20% is beneficent to improve growth rate and intestinal histology.

This study carried out to increase production efficiency Persian sturgeon fingerling. For this experiment, in four treatments, 600 Acipenser persicus fingerling (10.76 ± 0.74 g and 14.49 ± 0.7 cm) were introduced into 12 fiberglass tanks with 300 liters water. The fingerlings were reared for 60 days. The diets with 150, 300 and 450 mg of 4 bacterial strains Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Weissella cibaria and Enterococcus faecalis (powder per 1-kg of pelleted diets to make certain concentrations 1.5 × 109 (T2), 3 × 109 (T3) and 4.5 × 109 CFU/g (T4). The diet of the control group (T1) was also free of probiotic bacteria. The results showed that there was no significant difference in growth indices in different treatments (p>0.05), but the maximum and minimum mean final weight were observed in juveniles of T2 and T1, respectively. The results of liver enzymatic indices and LDH, IgM and lysozyme activity and the number of colonial intestine bacterial flora showed that the minimum and maximum values of these indices were observed with significant differences in T2 and T1, respectively (p < 0.05). The maximum and minimum number of intestinal lactic acid (probiotic) bacteria also occurred in T2 and T4 with a significant difference respectively (p < 0.05). In spite of the fact that a diet containing probiotics could not have a significant effect on growth indices in Persian sturgeon fingerling in the weight range of 10-60g, but the diet of containing probiotics with 1.5×109 concentration (T2), significantly improved the safety, enzymatic and bacterial flora of the intestine.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics isolated from the intestine of Beluga (Huso huso) fingerlings on growth factors, activity of digestive enzymes and carcass composition of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) larvae. Three hundred and sixty larvae with an average weight of approximately 200 mg after one-week adaptation to the new conditions, were fed with supplemented diets with blend of Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in concentrations of 1.5 × 106 (T1), 3 × 106 (T2) and 4.5 × 106 (T3) CFU/100 g diet, respectively for 45 days. In control group, larvae were fed with diet without any supplementation. The experiment was carried out in a completely random design. At the end of the experiment, the results revealed that the highest final weight (35 ± 0.12 mg) and specific growth rate (0.94 ± 0.66%/day) were measured in T3. The highest feed conversion efficiency (46.52 ± 19.02%), protein efficiency ratio (0.37 ± 0.41), lipid efficiency ratio (1.22 ± 1.34), retained protein (0.0018 mg/day) and net protein utilization (0.0058%) were found in T3, while the lowest feed conversion ratio (2.34 ± 0.61) was obtained in T3. All of the above factors had significantly difference with control group (p<0.05). The maximum level of carcass crude protein (72.33 ± 0.68%) and crude lipid (13.43 ± 0.32%) were measured in T3. The  dry mater, crude energy and carcass ash levels did not exhibit significant differences in all the treatments compared to the control group (p>0.05). Amylase and lipase levels in the body extracts raised in the experimental treatments in comparison with the control group. However, only the amylase level displayed significant difference in comparison with control (p<0.05). The experiment indicated that the blend of Bacillus and yeast at different concentrations displayed different effects on carcass analyses and feeding indices in this fish and the best results were obtained in T3 (4.5 × 106 CFU/100g diet).

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic bacteria Pediocucus acidilactici encapsulated with alginate and resistant starch (Hi maize) coated by chitosan, on growth indices, intestinal flora and carcass composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout fingerling with an average weight of 18.41 ± 0.32 g were fed with diets including: encapsulated probiotic, free probiotic, diet containing capsules free of bacteria (positive control) and control diet containing no probiotics for 60 days. The results exhibited that there were no significant differences in growth rate, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio in different groups. The highest number of lactic acid bacteria was found in the fish received the encapsulated bacteria while the lowest was in the control group (p<0.05). Maximum carcass protein and fat contents were observed in encapsulated bacteria treatment and maximum carcass ash was in control group (p<0.05). Totally, the results suggest that encapsulated P. acidilactici improves the growth performance, body composition and bacterial flora of rainbow trout.

A 33-day feeding experiment was conducted to assess the effects of supplemented diets with sturgeon intestinal bacteria as probiotics in feeding of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) larvaewith average weight 200 ± 10 mg. These probiotics were isolated from gut of ten healthy fingerlings of Beluga (Huso huso) with average weight of (5.51 ± 0.31 g). Four diets (S1¡ S2¡ S3 and S4) were prepared containing similar ingredient composition and were supplemented with blend of three probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis¡ Bacillus subtilis and yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at four different levels (0¡ 1.5×106¡ 3×106¡ 4.5×106 cells per 100 g of diet¡ respectively). At the end of experiment¡ the Silver carp larvae fed probiotic supplemented diet had an improved and growth feeding performance compared to fish larvae not fed probiotics. Rearing of silver carp with feeding by experimental diets of¡ S2 and S3 (3×106 and 4.5×106 cells 100 g) resulted in better growth and feeding parameters in compared with the control. These probiotics resulted in a significant increase (P

In this study, the effects of probiotics bacilli on the feed efficiency and carcass quality in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fries were studied using a commercial product Protexin Aquatech. A blend of five strains of probiotic bacilli (Basilus licheniformis, B. subtilis, B. polymyxa, B. laterosporus and B. circulans) was used through the supplementation of diets for 60 days. Fish fry with an average weight of 463 ± 32 mg were used. The experimental diets were supplemented with mixture of the five bacilli at concentrations of 1×106 (D1) 1×107 (D2) and 1×108 (D3), (CFU per 100 g food), and a control (probiotics-free diet). The feeding rate was varied between 5 and 8% of body weight. The results indicated that D2 treatment had significantly better growth and feed conversion ratio than the control group and D1 treatment. Results showed that in the experimental treatments, probiotics had a significant positive effect on protein efficiency ratio, lipid efficiency ratio and protein productive value compared to the control treatment (P