جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « tourism » در نشریات گروه « زمین شناسی »

Today, tourism has gained more and more importance as one of the rapidly growing economic sectors and it has become a fundamental source and driver of socio-economic development in many cities, both in developed and developing countries. Tourism allows sustainable employment and enhancement of the quality of life. However, Iranian cities have not yet succeeded in making use of the resources and potentials of tourism, in spite of all ancient heritage and numerous unique natural attractions. The present study aims to provide a pattern for tourism development and sustainability by using quantitative methods (T test, Friedman, binomial, Wilcoxon, Pearson, Path Analysis) as well as SWOT and QSPM techniques to evaluate factors affecting tourism in the city of Zirab, north of Iran (as a case study). In the next step the relationship between tourism with urban sustainability is analyzed.

Methods and Materials:

The research method is descriptive and analytical and in terms of purpose it is applied -developmental. The method of data collection is document study and field survey. We have used questionnaire, observation and experts’ views on tourism planning, through field surveys. In library studies, all the documents related to the subject of the research have been investigated. The data of the questionnaire was analyzed by SPSS software using T-test. Research indicators consist of economics, social, managerial-institutional and environmental dimensions.

Discussion and Conclusion:

The results show that the unique natural and social attractions and cultural traditions of Zirab and its location (this city is located in the tourism axis of Tehran – Mazandaran) are the most important positive factors (strengths and opportunities) affecting the tourism of this city. On the contrary, lack of integrated tourism management, changes in use of agricultural land due to the development of villa construction, poor marketing and advertising in the tourism sector, the risk of increasing natural hazards due to human intervention in nature, the prevalence of construction in pristine areas, increased traffic and contamination caused by passengers and the presence of strong regional rivals in the tourism sector are the most important negative factors affecting this city. In addition, analyses showed that although tourism had positive impacts on Zirab city in most management, physical and economic variables, it has caused major environmental problems such as change of use and increased pollution. Also, real estate prices have increased and since the physical development has occurred in this city as a result of the construction of villas in pristine areas, the historical and cultural heritage of the city has declined and traffic congestion has increased.

Considering the multidimensionality of these problems which are mostly derived from the current structural activities as well as the way tourism is developing, it is recommended that a link be established between ecotourism, structural elements of Zirab city and sustainable tourism development approach, which eventually lead to the urban sustainability. Within this linked network, tourism development can play a significant role in Zirab sustainability, since it is not a partial approach. Tourism is clearly linked to the place where it occurs and it will establish relationships with local resources, activities, products, corps and services. At the same time it will result in local people’s participation in both planning and development of tourism in Zirab City.

Tourism is one of the most important accomplishments that has played a special role in the development of human activities in recent decades. As economists call it, tourism is a sort of invisible exports. In fact, tourism is considered an industry today. Jiroft County in Kerman province is no exception. It has the potential and many natural attractions. The tourism industry can be very supportive of the development of Jiroft. Achieving these advantages and requirements will not be possible until the proper planning and contexts are provided. The first step in planning for tourism development in Jiroft is identifying its strengths and bottlenecks. In this regard, the present study aims to review and analyze the most important opportunities and challenges for ecotourism development of Sardoyeh in Jiroft County. These are necessary for strategic planning process, which is an important and essential step for planning tourism development and consequently sustainable regional and national development.

This study aimed to determine the appropriate strategies for the development of tourism in Sardoyeh area of Jiroft County in order to answer the following questions: What are the potentials and limitations of rural tourism development in the region? What strategies and solutions can be identified for developing this type of tourism in the region? In this research, descriptive-analytical method and field and documentary information was used. SWOT strategic model was used to identify weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats. The QSPM model was used to offer the most important strategies in the field of tourism development in the Sardoyeh region. The statistical population of this research is Jiroft County and the sample population includes 25 experts related to tourism in Jiroft County.

Surveys showed that despite the great potential of Sardoyeh, there was no proper planning for the development of ecotourism in the region. Investigation of internal and external factors using SWOT model showed that although the study area has high potentials, tourism industry in the region faces serious challenges and threats. Based on the analysis, 4 conservative strategies are presented, with the first priority being "applying appropriate management practices to attract private and public funds" with the highest score based on the QSPM matrix score.

It can be concluded from the results, that decreasing internal threats and weaknesses and using existing opportunities and strengths are necessary, while external opportunities must be used to address the weaknesses. Therefore, these plans and strategies can address many of the threats and disadvantages of ecotourism development in Jiroft County, thus moving towards ecotourism development and taking an important step towards sustainable regional and national development.

Nowadays, sustainable rural development has a particular place in the development policies of countries responding to the challenges of classical development approaches such as poverty, unemployment, inequality, and environmental degradation. To overcome the unsustainability, diversification of the rural economy, based on the discovery, creation, and use of opportunities in the non-agricultural economic sectors of these areas is emphasized. According to the vast human and natural potentials of villages, the development of sustainable tourism in rural spaces, known as sustainable rural tourism, is a relatively new and growing opportunity to inject sustainability into these areas. Recognizing and benefiting from these opportunities is dependent on empowered and risk-taking villager entrepreneurs who are familiar with market potentials and demands, marketing practices, business models, income generation, etc.Besides, an appropriate environment is essential to improve their entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurship in the field of rural tourism. In this respect, sustainable entrepreneurship, which emphasizes the simultaneous creation of economic, social and environmental values, is a key strategy to achieve sustainable development. Therefore, in an entrepreneurial and sustainable-oriented context, sustainable rural tourism is capable to promote sustainable rural development through creation of innovative business opportunities in various fields such as accommodation, tourism, food, handicrafts, etc. Based on the behavioral or environmental entrepreneurship theory, such a context is influenced by numerous economic, social, environmental, physical, and institutional factors that need to be identified and prioritized for effective policymaking. Therefore, the study seeks to find factors which are effective in rural tourism sustainable entrepreneurship in settlements of Goleyjan rural district.

This is a fundamental, descriptive-analytical article. Documentary and field study methods were used for data gathering. The research instruments were observation and questionnaire. The statistical population is all residents of Goleyjan rural district (24304 persons) and the sampling method is stratified random, based on proportional sampling per size. The number of the sample was calculated by Cochran’s formula (379 persons). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, binomial and Kruskal–Wallis tests and IDW interpolation technique by SPSS and GIS software.
 

According to the results, the mean of the factors affecting sustainable rural tourism entrepreneurship development, including economic, physical, infrastructural, social, environmental and institutional were 3.55, 3.50, 3.48, 3.46 and 3.46, respectively. Also, the results of the binomial test (criterion mean = 3) showed that the majority of respondents (97%) expressed the importance of the mean of these factors to be above average. The priority of economic factors, as well as the importance of all other four factors (environmental, social, economic, and institutional) for the development of entrepreneurship in rural tourism, are in line with the research results of Raknoddin et al. (2014). The results of zoning the importance of these factors in Goleyjan indicate that the economic dimension was the most important in the village of Isardeh and the least important in Chalaasar. Other social, institutional, infrastructural, and environmental dimensions had the highest average in Agha Moghim Mahale Village. In general, the average importance of these dimensions in different villages were not the same. Finally, the average importance of these dimensions in different villages were not the same.

This study investigates to determine the factors affecting sustainable rural tourism entrepreneurship development and their priorities. Regarding the more important economic, social, environmental, physical, and institutional factors, the planning and action, according to spatial priorities is essential. Ignorance of any of them can slow down the process of developing sustainable entrepreneurship in the rural tourism sector of the study area. Given the importance and priority of the economic dimension, it is necessary to promote public and private sector investment, expand financial support, provide facilities and pay off loans with low-interest rates. Furthermore, regarding other factors, developing extensive education in sustainable entrepreneurship and tourism fields, providing entrepreneurial advice and up-to-date information in business to villagers, reducing the required steps for setting-up a business, developing information and communication infrastructure, banking and tourism services and infrastructures are important.

Tourism development and enjoyment of its capacities is an important step in economic flourish. In this regard, serious and purposeful attention to the urban tourism especially in metropolitans such as Tehran which has high capacity in this case can lead the economic flourish of city and increase of income for public and private sectors, and promotion of living level of citizens. The existence of historical, natural, commercial, religious, therapeutic, sporting, and important scientific, cultural, social and political attractions have special capabilities that can play an important role in the development of tourism in Tehran. However, so far, little has been done regarding the optimal use of these capabilities. Considering the existing capacities in this metropolis, in the event of proper planning and management of urban tourism, Tehran becomes one of the most important tourist centers of the world, as a result of economic growth and attracting vast financial resources, creating employment and raising the level of income of citizens The inhabitants of this city are far from waiting. To meet this goal, it is unavoidable to evaluate the current conditions and recognize the foregoing challenges. The purpose of this research is to analyze and evaluate the effect of tourism on economic development of Tehran. This research is practical in goals, descriptive- surveying in terms of research methodology, and the data was collected using the library and questionnaire method. After collecting the factors, a preliminary questionnaire containing a number of specific factors was provided to 15 experts of the tourism industry in Tehran including academic professors, researchers and experienced experts of this industry. The purpose of this work was to verify The factors are the completion and addition of new factors to the opinion of the experts of the field of tourism. After completing the final questionnaire and performing the validity and reliability test, a questionnaire was provided to the sample group for response. In order to measure the validity of the questionnaire, the opinions of the professors and experts in the fields of geography and tourism management were used and for the reliability evaluation, the Kronbach Alfa method was used. Statistical population of research is the inhabitants in Tehran among which the researcher- prepared questionnaire was distributed and collected. Enjoying Cochran formula, 384 persons were chosen as the sample of statistical population, data analysis and use of statistical tests were carried out using SPSS software. The development of urban tourism in Tehran, which is the source of new developments in the field of economy, increasing the influx of international and domestic tourists and injecting new currency into the commercial and commercial cycle of Tehran, increasing the production of goods and services and increasing the level of citizens' income and creating Job opportunities and new investment in tourism will result in tax revenues from activities related to the tourism industry. Based on the results, growth of tourism and income resources of this industry may be an effective and important factor on economic development and income stability of Tehran. Also, tourism development is impressed by some factors such as infrastructures and facilities, information and advertisement. If the conditions are met for the development of urban tourism in Tehran, the attraction of international and domestic tourists to the city will increase and as a result new money will be injected into the urban economy. Activities and investments in the tourism sector will expand and produce goods and services. For many unemployed youth, employment will be directly and indirectly created, and the income and quality of life of households in the city will be somewhat improved. To achieve this goal, the government should play a policy and purely sovereign role and delegate the role of the executive to the private sector with the necessary support and supervision.

Today, tourism is considered as one of the most sustainable economic resources of different regions,; the Qasarshirin district in Kermanshah province is a suitable place for the development of war tourism which results in economic prosperity and job creation. This descriptive-analytical study of the area seeks to introduce tourism as a potential opportunity for economic development in Qasr-e-Shirin region, and to gather information to prove it through library and field research. The data was analyzed using 311 questionnaires in three groups (residents, managers, tourists). The SWOT strategy was used. The results show that the collection of internal environment (strength, weakness) is 3.2 and the set of environmental points (opportunity and threat) is 2.1 which consist of conservative strategy (ST). Therefore, according to SWOT table, strategies including the use of local forces for employment and activities in the opportunities created, recognizing the threats of this type of tourism and trying to eliminate it, creating museums and exhibitions of this kind of tourism, training local community , attracting private sector investment, creating a supportive package in the form of this type of tourism, determining target areas for this type of tourism in neighboring countries, and strengthening the social and collective participation and development of productions related is necessary for the development of war tourism.

Geomorphotourism is one of the tourism branches base on nature which have high potentials for tourism planning by combining ecological, historical and cultural inheritances. In the other words, geomorphotourism introducing the geomorphological landforms to tourists by keeping the local identity. In this relation, this research tries to study the tourism capabilities of Sirjan geotops using Fassoulas and Comanescu models. The used values in Fassoulas model consist of scientific, ecological and protective, cultural, aesthetics, economical and utilization potential values and in Comanescu model consist of management, yield economic, cultural, aesthetics and scientific values , that each of these values have some sub-standard that have been determined from 1 to 10 for Fassoulas model and 20 for Comanescu model by standard score system. The results of this research indicate that geotop of Sirjan salt desert with 18.8 score in Fassoulas model and 0.78 in Comanescu model have the maximum score for tourism development. Also, according to results, the troglodytic geotop with 12.2 score in Fassoulas model and 0.34 in Comanescu model , have the minimum score among studied geotops. According to research results, the maximum score of Sirjan desert geotop relate to scientific value and aesthetic and suitable access this salt desert.

In many countries, the government purposefully act to support the public by granting direct and indirect subsidies to tourism industry in ordrt to Juice up it and it’s related activities or even for getting it out of the crisis.In the other words the benefits of subsidy in addition to the economic and social sectors allocate to tourism and ecotourism and lead to further development of local stakeholders and local tourism as well as development of rural settlements. This is an issue that deserves attention in our country there after subsidy cuts and has caused a part of the recession, damage to the tourism industry and residents, stakeholders and suppliers of these activities, both at the local level and at national level, in most tourist areas of the country, especially rural settlements.This research is conducted using descriptive-analytic method to study the consequences of organizing subsidies in empowerment of tourism stakeholders and development of rural settlements in the area of study. To explain and to determine the relationships between the effevtive and Impressionable componens the einferential statistical methods like Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression were used.The results indicate that cash subsidy has significant impact on the development and empowerment of local stakeholders of tourism in some dimensions. Among the impact factors of variables on the development of rural settlements in connection with tourism, characteristics of self-reliance variable with 0.507 impact factor has the most effective impact on empowerment of local stakeholders and consequently the development of rural settlements. After that variable, the variables of trust and confidence with 0.453, responsibility and sense of place with 0.346 and Participation and decision-making with 0.054 impact factor, impact on the empowerment of local stakeholders and the rural settlements development as well as the tourism destination of area of study.