جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "آنتوسیانین ها" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of the combined coating of calcium chloride and Aloe Vera gel on the physical, qualitative and biochemical characteristics of the grape fruit of Yaqouti variety. A factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized design with 2 factors of foliar treatment as the first factor (calcium chloride (0, 2 and 3 mM) and Aloe Vera gel (25 and 33%)) and the time as the second factor (0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 days after the start of storage) was performed in 3 replications. After the treatment, the fruits were transferred to the refrigerator with a temperature of 4±0.5 °C and a relative humidity of 90%. In this study, TSS, pH, TA, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin, total phenol content, weight loss, tissue firmness and storage life of grapes were investigated at different time stages. The results showed that weight loss, TSS, and pH increased with increasing storage time in all treatments, while fruit tissue firmness, ascorbic acid, phenol, and total anthocyanin decreased. After 32 days of storage, the amount of weight loss, TSS and pH were higher in untreated fruits (control) than other treatments, with an average of 23.06%, 19.79% and 2.81%, respectively. While the firmness of the fruit tissue, ascorbic acid, phenol and total anthocyanin in the fruits treated with calcium chloride and aloe vera gel were significantly higher than the control fruits. The combined application of calcium chloride and aloe vera gel before and after harvesting showed better effects in improving the quality of grapes, and in total, the interaction of 3 mM calcium chloride with Aloe Vera gel coating 25 and 33% was the most effective treatment in maintaining the qualitative and biochemical characteristics of grape fruit during storage.

Colchicum speciosum is a medicinal plant rich in colchicine and phenolic compounds. In this study, the effect of different concentrations of nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers were investigated on phenols and colchicine accumulation in the corm of C.speciosum from three regions in Mazandaran province (Philband, Kelerd and Sangdarka). Five fertilizer treatments were performed. The results showed that all nitrogen and nano-nitrogen treatments caused a significant increase in corm phenol in the plants of the Philband region. Comparison of the mean flavonoids of plants in three regions in different treatments showed that the use of nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers has significantly reduced flavonoids in plant corms of all studied plants. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer (1.1 mg / l) caused a significant increase in corm anthocyanin in all three populations. Nitrogen fertilizer with higher concentration also increased anthocyanin to some extent, while nano-nitrogen at different concentrations did not have a significant effect on the amount of anthocyanin in corm. Comparison of corm colchicine in nitrogen and nano-nitrogen treatments with control showed that nitrogen fertilizers in both concentrations decreased and nano-nitrogen fertilizers increased the amount of corm colchicine. The present results showed that the response of plants collected from the three regions to the different fertilizers was not the same.

The raspberry (Rubus ulmifolius subsp. Sanctus) is the perennial shrub in the genus Rubus of the Rosacea family. It is a medicinal and edible fruit throughout much of Khandaracy region of Urmia. Raspberry fruits are most important in food and medicinal sciences due to their excellent antioxidant activity and various flavonoids and proanthocyanin content. In this research, after harvesting fruits from the Khandaracy region of Urmia in the late summer, pH level by pH meter, organic acids by titration with 0.1 molar NaOH, Soluble solids using a refractometer, total phenolic content (by using Folin–Ciocalteu assays), total flavonoid content (aluminum chloride method), antioxidant capacity by two methods (DPPH and FRAP), total anthociyanin content (pH differential method), L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and (guaiacol peroxidase) G-POD enzymes were determined. The results showed that level pH, organic acids and soluble solids were respectively 3.13, 1.14, 12.6, also values of total phenol content, total flavonoid, antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin content were 26.44 mg GAE.ml-1 Extract, 1.99 mg Qu. ml-1 extract, 55.29 % and 63.78 cyanidin-3-glucoside ml-1 Extract respectively. The results of this study showed that raspberry fruit has high content of polyphenol compounds and has significant antioxidant activity, so it can be used in food and pharmaceutical industries.

In order to the beneficial effects of fulvic acid and iron in the improvement of growth and flowering characteristics of plants, in this research, the effect of fulvic acid and iron nano chelate was investigated on morphological and physiological characteristics of Gerbera cv. Dune. This experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with two factors fulvic acid with 4 concentrations of 0 (control), 50, 100 and 250 mg/L as drench and iron nano chelate at 4 concentrations of 0 (control), 1, 2 and 4 gr/L as foliar application, with three replications in greenhouse conditions in pot and in hydroponic conditions. The treatments and interaction effects of fulvic acid and iron nano chelate increased measured indices compared to control. All of the treatments caused to increase leaf length significantly and petal anthocyanin compared to control. The highest leaf number (40 leaves) and leaf anthocyanin (8.37 µM/g F.W.) was observed in treatment of 250 mg/L fulvic acid and 4 g/L iron nano chelate. The highest rosette diameter (93.66 cm) was obtained in the treatment of 100 mg/L fulvic acid and 2 g/L iron nano chelate. The highest soluble sugar and guaiacol peroxidase enzyme activity were observed in the concentration of 250 mg/L fulvic acid or the concentration of 2 g/L iron nano chelate. For increasing catalase and ascorbate enzyme activity, 50 mg/L fulvic acid and 4 g/L iron nano chelate were the best treatments. In general application of fulvic acid and iron nano chelate in ornamental plants can have a positive effect on the plant.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate metabolites content (primary and secondary) and antioxidant activity of different organs of Ipomoea tricolor weed including stem, leaf, and fruit leaf, individually and in combination. The weed under study was first collected at fruit stage and divided into organs. Antioxidant activities of various organs of Ipomoea tricolor were measured according to the method of DPPH. Results showed that mixed organs of Ipomoea tricolor and then leaf had maximum total phenol contents in that order. In case of anthocyanins, the highest levels were obtained from leaf while the lowest content of both secondary metabolites were found in the stem. Results also showed that leaves had maximum soluble sugars and proline contents. Correlation coefficient of data showed a significant positive relationship between anthocyanin contents of various organs of Ipomoea tricolor and their soluble sugar and proline contents. According to the findings, content of protein and starch in various organs significantly decreased with an increase in the secondary metabolite contents of anthocyanins. Mean comparison of antioxidant activity of various organs of Ipomoea tricolor showed that leaf and fruit had the highest and lowest antioxidant activities for inhibiting free radicals, respectively. Regarding the effect of the type of Ipomoea tricolor weed organ on the quantity of metabolites especially secondary compounds like phenols and anthocyanins and also antioxidant activity, the plant, especially the leaves may be introduced as a notable candidate for oxidative decomposition of free radicals, improving the nutritional value of food, or as a natural herbicide due to its high biomass.

In order creation tolerant stimulate signal to drought stress in Peppermint, experimental for factorial in a randomized completely design by three repeat in was conducted researcher greenhouse Faculty Agriculture University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2015. Treatments include drought stress in three level (85, 55 and 35 percentage of field capacity) and spraying H2O2 in four level (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mM) and characteristics including photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, total and b/a), pigments auxiliary (carotenoids, anthocyanin, flavonoids and phenolic compounds) and pigments fluorescence index (Fv/F0, Fv/Fm, F′v/F′m, qP, qNP and ˚PSII), SPAD and dry weight plant. The result showed, main effect drought stress and H2O2 had effected significant in examined characteristics. Stress cause reduce photosynthetic pigments, pigments auxiliary (except carotenoids), increased fluorescence index (except Fv/F0 and qP) and decrease dry weight plant (25%). Generally can say stress because reduce plant photosynthetic capacity and reduce production biomass, spraying concentrations of moderate H2O2 also can be used as a signal to improve photosynthetic systems operate.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activity and determining content of alkaloids, total phenols, anthocyanins, catalase, peroxidase activity as well osmolytes in vegetative,flowering and fruit stage of Chelidonium majus. Smples were collected from marginal fields of Chamestan district of Noor which is located in Mazandaran province firstly, and then collected samples were botanically authenticated.. Results showed that root of C. majus in various phenological stages had a more alkaloids and total phenols content over aerial organs in similar stages. It was also observed that the highest alkaloids and total phenols in root were obtained in vegetative and flowering stages respectively. Anthocyanins content in root and aerial organs were increased with an increase of phonological stages. Also, the measurement of soluble sugars in C. majus showed that the highest amount of this compound was in all phonological stages at the root more than the aerial parts. The maximum amount of proline was observed in the aerial parts at the vegetative stage. According to the results, enzyme of catalase and peroxidase had positive correlation with antioxidant activity. Overall, antioxidant capacity in inhibition of free radicals significantly were increased with an increase of alkaloids and total phenols content from underground and aerial organs of C. majus in various phonological stages. Overall, root of Chelidonium majus in vegetative stage had the appropriate amount of alkaloids; it may be used as a suitable source for the preparation of pharmaceutical compounds.

Medicinal plants are rich sources of secondary metabolites. Lepidium sativum possess active compounds and secondary metabolites, including polyphenol, anthocyanin, flavonoid compounds, which are of special pharmaceutical and economic importance. Melatonin as bio-stimulator compound has a regulatory role on the amount of secondary metabolites and plant tolerance to environmental stresses. In this study, the effect of exogenous melatonin on secondary metabolites production on Lepidium sativum plants was carried out in a completely randomized design with 5 melatonin treatments (0, 5, 10, 50 and 100 μM) and 3 replications. After applying the treatment, the growth rate and content of the photosynthetic pigments, the leaf water content, as well as the content of flavonoids, anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds were investigated. Seed treatment with melatonin, especially at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM, improved the growth parameters and content of photosynthetic pigments. High levels of melatonin also increased the plant's secondary metabolites, including anthocyanins, carotenoids, and plant phenolic compounds. These effects can confirm the role of melatonin as a growth regulator and its impact on plant growth and resistance.

Ultraviolet radiation as one of important stressful environmental factors, has deleterious effects on plant physiological processes and growth. Plants confront with this conditions that produce ROS, via specific physiological mechanisms. This study to investigate the effect of UV-C radiation on the physiological responses in radish (Raphanus sativus L.cv), the plant with one year old and belong to brassicaceae . This experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with different three varieties of plant radish seeds that cultured hydroponically in green house. After two weeks, seedlings were treated with UV-C for a period of 10 days for 3 minutes / day with daily dose of 12KJ/m2. The results of the evaluation showed that in all studied variations, UV-C lead to reduction in shoot and root dry weight and leaf area. The radiation also reduced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll), sugar content and total soluble proteins. The total phenol, total amino acids and UV absorbing compounds such as anthocyanins and flavonoids, were increased under effect of UV-c radiation. By considering to obtained results, we concluded that in the variation of assayed metabolites, UV- C treated red radish plants had highest compatibility than other studied varieties.