جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « باغ های میوه » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

Today, human and wildlife conflict, especially big carnivores such as brown bear, is one of the most challenges and difficulties in biodiversity conservation. Increasing the conflicts have resulted in increasing the negative attitude of local people toward the wildlife and as a result of that leads to increasing poaching of carnivores, especially in an area such as Mazandaran Province which has a high density of human and wildlife. We conducted this study by identifying the area with a high conflicts between the bear and human and human assets in Mazandaran Province. Moreover, we used field observation data to diagnose the distribution of mountainous areas which are potentially exposed to bear attacks in the Province. We collected the bear damages data by questionnaire form and field surveys. Biogeoclimatic variables which were used in the analyses are elevation, distance to the village, the density of beehives, human footprint, the density of domestic animals and land use. We recorded 150 bear attacks to human and human properties which include 16 to human, 19 to domestic animals, 67 and 48 destruction of fruit gardens and beehives, respectively. According to the results, most conflicts are in the spring and autumn. The most important variables are elevation, distance to village and fruit gardens. According to the results, human-bear conflicts in the Mazandaran Province are in the elevation range between 150 to 3000 m. On the other hand, fruit gardens around the villages have a key role in attracting bears to human settlements.

The ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are powerful predators and have important role in biological control of agricultural pests. The fauna of these beneficial insects was studied in fruit orchards and rice fields of Mazandaran province during 2015-2016. In total, 22 species within 16 genera and 10 subfamilies were identified in different regions of Mazandaran. The samplings indicated that the highest species diversity was observed in Amol and Qaemshahr, and the lowest species diversity in Babolsar; also the highest population density was observed in Qaemshahr and Behshahr, and the lowest one in Babolsar and Noor regions. Among the studied species, Harpalus griseus (Panzer, 1797) had the highest distribution and Acinopus megacephalus (Rossi, 1794), Bembidion menetriesi Kolenati, 1845, Carabus roseni Reitter, 1897, Chlaenius steveni Quensel, 1806 and Calosoma maderae dsungaricum Gebler, 1833 the lowest one. Also, the highest population density was obtained for H. griseus and Harpalus fuscicornis Menetries, 1832 and the lowest one for A. megacephalus, B. menetriesi, C. steveni, Cicindela rhodoterena Tschitschherine, 1903, C. maderae dsungaricum and Zabrus spectabilis Hampe, 1852, respectively. The results indicate that Harpalus griseus and Harpalus fuscicornis are the dominant species in the most sampled regions of Mazandaran province.