جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شکل رویشی » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

Protected areas (PAs) are one of the effective tools for biodiversity conservation. ‘Darmain Hunting Prohibited Region’ was introduced as ‘Darmian and Sarbisheh Protected Area’ in 2008. This region is suitable for breeding wild sheep due to its numerous hills and diverse vegetation. This area with about 80000 hectares is located 68 kms east of Birjand, among the three cities of Darmian, Sarbisheh, and Birjand. Its minimum altitude is 2100 meters above the sea level and its maximum altitude is 2870 meters. The aim of this study was to identify the genus and plant species and to determine their biological forms and geographical distribution. The purpose of this study was to identify the plant family and species and to determine the life forms and plant geographical distribution in the study area. Also, the Functional Diversity, Relative Diversity (RDi), and Family Importance Value (FIV) were determined. The results showed that there were 26 plant families, 69 genera, and 94 plant species in the rangelands of this protected area. The largest families were Asteraceae (22 species) and Poaceae (8 species). The life form consisted of 45% Hemicryptophytes, 20% Therophytes, 17% Chamaephytes, 10% Geophytes, 7% Phanerophytes, and 1% Parasite. In terms of geographical distribution, 61 species with the most abundance (65%) belonged to the Irano-Turanian region and 1 species with the least abundance (1%) belonged to the Euro-Siberian region. In terms of the functional diversity, the plant species based on vegetative form (76% Forb, 17% bush, and 7% shrub) and life cycle (81% perennial and 19% annual) were classified. Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Apiaceae families with 65.18%, 21.38%, 16.72%, and 13.11% Family Importance Value (FIV) were the most important families in this area, respectively.

Abstract Identification of the flora in mining area is necessary for biodiversity conservation as well as vegetation restoration. In this study, flora and functional groups of plants were evaluated in Sungun copper mine, East Azarbayjan province, one of the most important sources of copper in Iran. The vegetation was assessed in the mining area including mine wastes, the area that affected by acid mine drainage and outcrops. The results showed that the greatest number of species and plant families were found in outcrops with 73 species from 21 families. The most frequent plant families were Poaceae (20.55%) and Asteraceae (16.43%). In the area that was affected by acid, mine drainage Astraceae (20.93%) and Poaceae (20.55%) were dominant but in waste dumps the Asteraceae (23.64%) and Fabaceae (14.55%) were the main plant families. Some species were restricted to specific area such as Rhamnus cathartica, Fumaria bracteosa, Equisetum flviatile in acid drainage affected site, Chenopodium album, Atriplex tararica, Hyoscyamus arachnoideus in mine wastes. Carex stenophylla, Hypericum dogonbadanicum and Allium kotschyi were also found to be unique. It was also found that in all three sites the most dominant life forms were hemicryptophytes. There was not any species from phanerophyte in waste dumps. Forbs and perennials were the dominant species of the area and the most of the flora belonged to Iran-Turanian region. We found a potential of species particularly nitrogen fixing species in this area that could be beneficial for vegetation restoration.

Plant biodiversity in central Zagros region is important from different aspects and has been in the research spotlight. In this study, flora of Mt. Sheet located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, between Shahrekord and Saman cities, with 1.100 hectares and 2110 to 2660 meter elevation above sea level, is investigated. Results showed that the vegetation of this area consists of 204 species, 143 genera and 35 families. Asteraceae (31 species, 15.1 %), Brassicaceae (30 species, 14.7 %), Poaceae (19 species, 9.3 %) and Fabaceae (18 species, 8.8 %) were the most important families regarding the number of species. The largest genera were Astragalus (13 species), Euphorbia (8 species), Centraurea (7 species) and Scorzonera and Salvia (5 species each). Determination of Raunkiaer life-forms showed that 51 % of the species (104 species) were Hemicryptophytes, 28 % (57 species) were Therophytes, 15 % (30 species) were Cryptophytes, 5 % (11 species) were Chamaephytes and 1 % (2 species) Phanerophytes. 150 species (74 %) belonged to Irano-Turanian region, 19 species (9 %) to EuroSiberian-Mediterranean-IranoTuranian regions, 17 species (8 %) to EuroSiberian-IranoTuranian regions, and 17 species (8 %) to Mediterranean-IranoTuranian regions. According to available literature, 30 species were located in low risk class and one species as vulnerable. Conservation status of 173 species was reported as “Data Deficit” (class DD). Comparative evaluation of this flora and other 16 floras in this region showed the presence of 17 unreported species from this region, and the multivariate analyses of presence/absence data determined the relative position of this flora among other floras in this region and further divided the floras into two clusters. Our results showed also the application of multivariate analyses in floristic studies.

Aquatic plants have positive and negative effects on the human and other organisms. They affect ecological progresses of water environment and provide ecological niche for different taxonomical groupes like bacteria، epiphytes and others as well. We decided to investigate them in part of north of Iran. In this investigation، at the first specimens were collected from sampling sites، e. g. stagnant water stops and irrigated farms in different seasons. Then they were identified and after that، they were devided to three groups (helophytes، hygrophytes and euhydrophytes)، acording to their habitat and water requirements. The results revealed the existence of 135 aquatic plant species that 83 species were hygrophytic، 23 species were helophytic and 29 species were euhydrophytic. Llife forms of helophytes and hygrophytes include 21. 69% helophytes، 33. 96% threophytes، 20. 75% hemicryptophytes، 16. 03% geophytes and 7. 54% phanerophytes. Growth forms of euhydrophytic plants include 17. 24% Lemnid، 13. 8% Magnopotamid، 6. 9% Nymphaeid، agnonymphaeid، Myriophyllid، Elodeid، Batrachiid and Parvopotamid as well as 3. 45% Peplid، Ceratophyllid، Hydrocharid، Parvonymphaeid، Ricciellid، Salviniid، Charid and Magnozosterid.