جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « فعالیت حرکتی » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

Parkinson's disease is associated with motor and cognitive disorders, so we investigated the administration of Eclipta prostrata hydroalcoholic extract on learning, memory, motor activity and oxidative stress in Parkinson's model.

50 adult Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control group, parkinsonian group and three groups treated with eucalyptus perstrata extract in three different concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Induction of Parkinson's model was done by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). One day after the last gavage, motor tests were done. The shuttle box test was used to evaluate learning and avoidance memory. Oxidative stress was evaluated by malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and thiol content.

7 days after the lesion in the MFB, after the administration of apomorphine, the rats turned 360 degrees in the right direction at a rate of more than 10 revolutions per minute. In the movement tests of the parkinsonian group, maintaining balance in rotarod (p<0.001), catalepsy (p<0.001), muscle stiffness (p<0.001), stride length (p<0.001) and avoidance memory (p<0.001) showed a significant difference to the control group. Also, Eclipta prostrata extract significantly improved all kinds of movement disorders caused by Parkinson's disease, and in doses of 50, 100, and 200, it improved memory in Parkinsonian rats (p<0.001). Also, the extract significantly increased the amount of thiol (p<0.001). and glutathione peroxidase (p<0.001) and decreased MDA in hippocampus and striatum tissue (p<0.001).

In general, we showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Eclipta prostrata administered in the animal model of Parkinson's has a favorable effect on memory, learning, motor activity and oxidative stress of the brain.

Impaired motor functions were reported in cholestatic animals. This disorder in the function and death of motor neurons is highly dependent on changes in the environment around astrocytes and the blood-brain barrier, which is moderated by the aquaporin 4 protein. For this reason, the effects of cholestasis on motor cortex histology and morphology and aquaporin 4 protein levels were investigated in this study. Samples were stained by hematoxylin-eosin method. Histological changes in cortical brain were investigated. The amount of AQP4 protein in control, sham, and experimental groups were tested by immunohistochemistry. The thickness of motor cortex in cholestatic samples increased in comparison with the control and sham groups. Also, cholestasis caused wrinkle chromatic nuclei. On the other hand, tissue necrosis was detected in cholestatic group compared with sham and control groups. Reduction of cells densities in some cortical layers has been observed, which is probably indicative of cholestasis-induced cell death. AQP4 expression significantly decreased in BDL (p <0.05), but not in other groups (P<0.05). In this study, the pathology of motor cortex, which has also been associated with the decrease of neurons, could be considered the cause of motion abnormalities and AQP4 level reduction in cholestatic rats.

Locomotor activity is an important physiologic phenomenon. In previous study we showed that the matricaria chamomilla (chamomile) hydroalcholic extract acts differently in male and female mice. Since sex hormones are important in most of physiological phenomenons, so in this study, the role of sex hormones and chamomile hydroalcholic extract were investigated on motor activity behavior in absence of sex glands in adult male and female NMRI mice. Gonadectomized male and female mice were divided to groups of seven mice including, receiving hydroalcholic extract of chamomile (30 and 50 mg/kg i.p), testosterone (2 mg/kg S.C.), estradiol benzoate (0.1 mg/kg S.C.), and progesterone (0.5 mg/kg S.C.). Motor activity monitor system was used to evaluating locomotor activity parameters in all groups. Results showed that: Testosterone in presence and absence of chamomile hydroalchlic extract had no any effect on motor activity parameters in testctomized male mice. Estradiol benzoate in presence and absence of chamomile hydroalchlic extract increased locomotor activity parameters in ovariectomized mice. Progesterone also did not change locomotor activity in presence and absence of estradiol benzoate and /or chamomile hydroalcholic extract in ovariectomized mice. It seems the both chamomile hydroalcholic extract and estradiol enhance some locomotor activities and probably act through same system and modulate or potentiate the effect of each other. Also it seems there are interaction between estradiol and progesterone and also between chamomile extract and progesterone.