جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « موکوس » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

Due to the difference in the quality and quantity of proteins and enzymes in the mucus of different types of fish, therefore they have different antibacterial activity. Boleophthalmus dussumieri fish is one of the mudskeeper’s species that has been reported from Musa Estuary according to previous studies. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the antibacterial effect of B. dussumieri fish mucus against 3 standard bacterial strains (Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC BAA-747), Bacillus subtillis (ATTC 6633)) and 3 clinical bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Bacillus anthracis). After preparing the aqueous extract of mucus, its antibacterial effect was investigated in four concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml by disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and one-way ANOVA. The results showed that all the bacteria were sensitive to the mucus extract and there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the growth inhibition zone between different bacteria. It was also found that Gram-positive bacteria with an average non-growth zone of 12 mm showed more sensitivity to B. dussumieri fish skin mucus extract than Gram-negative bacteria with an average non-growth zone of 9 mm. The results of this research showed that the skin mucus of Boleophthalmus dussumieri fish has antimicrobial effect and has the ability to remove pathogenic agents in laboratory conditions.

In this study, the effect of different levels of the amino acid methionine on some growth factors, mucosal immunity and antibacterial properties of mucus in Rutilus frisii kutum was investigated. Therefore, first 420 juvenile Rutilus frisi katum with an average weight of 1.24± 0/02 g were prepared, then 35 fish were randomly distributed in 12 tanks with four treatments and three replications. They were then fed at doses of 0, 2/5, 5 and 10 mg / kg methionine for 60 days, respectively. The results of this study showed that different levels of methionine had no effect on whitefish growth indices, so that there was no significant difference between treatments containing different levels of methionine in terms of different growth indices. The highest lysozyme activity was observed at 5% level, and the amounts of alkaline phosphatase and mucus-soluble protein were observed at 10% level. The results showed that the highest antibacterial activity was related to the levels of 5 and 10% of the amino acid methionine. According to the results, it can be said that 5 and 10% levels of the amino acid methionine can be effective in improving the activity of some digestive enzymes (lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase), soluble proteins and antibacterial activity in the study species. Achieving more complete and accurate results requires more research in this area.

Nowadays, emergence and prevalence of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria has become a great global concern. So, there is an urgent need to discover new antimicrobial agents. The mucus of mudskipper fish may be a new, untapped source for antibacterial agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the mucus of Periophthalmus waltoni, isolated from Musa estuary, against four pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtillis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The effect of gender and seasonal variations on antibacterial activity of mucus was also evaluated. After preparation of the aqueous mucus extract, the antibacterial activity was assessed using disc diffusion method. Also, the minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the mucus extract was determined against two more sensitive bacteria.The results revealed that tested bacteria were susceptible to the mucus extract. Bacillus subtillis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most susceptible and resistant bacteria to the mucus extract, respectively. The gender of the fish did not make a significant difference in the antimicrobial activity of mucus, However, female fish showed slightly higher antimicrobial activity (P>0/001). It was also found that fish’s mucus has the higher antibacterial property in the spring season (P<0/001).

The intestines are an important organ in the body of rodents due to the digestion and absorption of food and water, digestive digestion, microbial activity, production of immunoglobulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the histology of the golden hamster intestine and its goblet cells using histological and histochemical techniques.

Five adult and healthy male golden hamsters with an average weight of 120 g were prepared from experimental animal. After sampling from different parts of the intestine and preparing tissue sections, tissue samples were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin, Periodic Acid Schiff and Alcian Blue methods and then studied by light microscope and the necessary micrographs for Histological studies were prepared .

In histopathological study, small and large intestine have 4 layers of mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer and serosa. The intestinal epithelium was consisted of simple columnar cells with a basal oval nucleus, that Mucus secreting goblet cells were seen among the columnar cells which both acidic and neutral mucus were secreted by these cells. It should be noted that the number of goblet cells increased from duodenum to colon and it was positive in PAS and Alcian Blue.

The results show that the anatomical and histological structure of the golden hamster intestine, despite minor differences, is very similar to that other rodents.

Determination of reproductive status and knowledge in physiological situations of fish is essential to manage brooders. So, in this study, the efficacy of skin mucosal layer was investigated as the important source of biochemical and also less-invasive method to know goldfish reproductive status. In our research, fish sampling was carried out during five months and according to the histological analysis of gonad, the fish were divided into 5 stages: primary growth (I), cortical alveoli (II), early-vitellogenesis (III), late-vitellogenesis (IV) and spawning (V). Total protein, calcium, lipids (cholesterol and triglyceride) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels of mucus and plasma were measured and compared. Protein levels of mucus were significantly increased during late-vitellogenesis (P < 0.05). Mucosal calcium levels were lower than plasma. Cholesterol and Triglyceride of mucus showedsignificant enhancing during the late-vitellogenesis (P < 0.05). ALP activity was elevated in mucus more than plasma. In histological studies, the analysis of gonadosomatic index showed significant positive correlation between this factor and plasma protein as well as mucus (P < 0.01). ALP was the appropriate indicator to distinguishing vitellogenesis and spawning stages. In summary, the results of this study indicated that the biochemical factors in mucus is measurable and be considered as a less-invasive tool and alternative blood for monitoring the endocrine response, reproductive indices, and sexual stages, especially in the vitellogenesis stages.

Nowadays, the use of natural immunostimulants has been increased for the enhancing immune response in fish to cope with diseases. Probiotics are known as the microbes that are beneficial to the host and are used as an alternative to chemicals and antibiotics in fish farming. The effects of Pediococcus acidilactici and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on total immunoglobulin, total protein, albumin and globulin were studied for 42 days in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with an average weight of 30 ± 10 g. Fish were divided into 4 groups with two replicates after two weeks of adaptation. The first group was fed on diet supplemented with Pediococcus asidilactici bacteria at concentration of 107 CFU/g, the second group received Saccharomyces cerevisiae at concentration of 107 CFU/g, the third group fed on diet supplemented with combination of Pediococcus asidilactici and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae at a concentration of 107 CFU/g, and the fourth group was considered as a control group. The results of this study showed that the use of supplements increased the total immunoglobulin parameters, total protein, albumin and globulin in the mucus of common carp, but these changes were not statistically significant compared to the control group, according to Duncan test (P≥0/05

In this study, we investigated the effects of herbal supplements of Carum carvi and Trigonella foenum graecum on soluble protein and antibacterial activity of mucus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. Fish with a mean weight of 2.457±0.057 g were divided randomly into 7 treatments (one control group and the experimental groups treated with diets that contained different percents of caraway and fenugreek (0.5, 1 and 1.5%) with 3 replicates and a density of 15 fish per replicate. After 8 weeks feeding, the epidermal mucus protein level and antimicrobial activity against two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Seratia marcescens) were measured. Results showed that protein levels of mucus significantly increased in fish fed diets that contained 1% herbal supplements compared to the control and other treatments (P>0.05). In addition, we observed significant differences in antibacterial activity of mucus in fish fed with caraway and fenugreek compared with the control group (p

A high population of the sea anemone inhabit in the intertidal zone of the Hormoz Island. The tidal zones generally are characterized by severe environment stresses (vis, UV and high temperature), that can increase the intracellular oxidation and free radicals as well. Oxidation and free radicals is paved by the animal defensive mechanisms, including accumulation of antioxidant compounds and enzymes. In this study, carpet anemones sampled from intertidal zone of the eastern city of Hormoz Island (IRAN). Extraction was performed by using of PBS and methanol 40% solvents: 2 g dry weight of the mucous, by 2 replications, and 10 g wet weight of the oral plate, by 6 replications, from 6 samples. Different concentrations of extracts were made for antioxidant tests. The antioxidant properties of extract were measured by DPPH and FRC methods. Results showed that a correlation is between the antioxidant activity and the concentration of extracts in two methods. In DPPH assay, IC50 values was 1.469±0.208, 1.85±0.016 for mucus extract by PBS and methanol 40%, respectively, and it was 0.733±0.06, 0.444±0.036 mg/ml, for oral plate extract by PBS and methanol 40%. Our results showed that the antioxidant activity of oral plate was significantly higher than mucous in this anemone.