جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "apiaceae" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

 Seseli olivieri (Apiaceae) is an exclusive species of the Alborz Mountains, Iran. In this research, the effect of environmental conditions on the vegetative traits and essential oil compounds of this species was investigated. For this purpose, three habitats with different heights were selected and the vegetative characteristics of this species were measured. In each habitat, soil samples and flowering branches of this species were collected and analyzed in the laboratory. The relationship between the functional traits of this species and environmental factors was determined using CA and PCA. Variance analysis of functional traits and soil parameters showed a significant difference between the three habitats. The highest values of vegetative traits were related to Tuyeh habitat. In Tange Kavard habitat, the main effective substances were Apiol and cis-Cadina-1(6),4-diene; in Enzo habitat, Apiol and Bornyl acetate; and in the Tuyeh habitat, Bornyl acetate and α-Pinene. Among the environmental factors, altitude, annual precipitation, annual temperature, minimum temperature of the coldest month, minimum absolute temperature, lime and nitrogen had the most significant correlation with the functional traits of this plant. Based on the IUCN criteria, the conservation status of this species was determined in the critically endangered.

Plants are one of the important sources of fatty acids. Types of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are widely used in food industry, health, plant ecophysiology and chemotaxonomy. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the oil content, fatty acid profile and chemotaxonomic relationships of some plant species of the Apiaceae family in Iran. Oil extraction was done by soxhlet method and compounds were separated by gas chromatography (GC) after derivatization in the form of methyl ester. Species cluster analysis was done with distance algorithm between two data and Euclidean similarity matrix using PAST 3.17 software. Based on the results, the average oil yield of plant species was estimated between 5.1% and 26.18% and there was a high positive correlation between the altitude of the habitats and the oil yield. Petroselinic acid (C18:1(n-6)) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3(n-3)) were the main compositions of fatty acids of all species. Oleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid were detected only in Ferula and Pimpinella species, respectively. The percentage of total omega-3 fatty acids varied from 10.42 to 17.99 among species. Smyrnium cordifolium, Ferulago angulata, Tetrataenium lasiopetalum and Conium maculatum were rich in petroselinic acid (60-78%). Chemical dendrogram based on 18 fatty acids with high similarity coefficient distinguished Ferula species in one group and Conium in a separate group similar to botanical classification. The results show that the fatty acid composition of the seeds of some genera of the Apiaceae family, together with the morphological and molecular characteristics, can be used as a tool to solve the taxonomic complexities between the tribes and genera of the Apiaceae family. to be used in the flora of Iran.

In this research, the presence of effective compounds and antibacterial properties of extracts of three species from the Apiaceae family (Zeravschania membranacea, Zeravschania aucheri, and Anthriscus nemorosa) in the protected area of Kosalan in Kurdistan province has been investigated.In this study methanolic extract of the plant was prepared in different concentrations. Qualitative assessment for secondary metabolites was performed using several pharmacognosy tests from the literature. Evaluation of the antimicrobial property of the studied plants was done by disk diffusion and dilution methods. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of extracts were determined on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using dilution method. Based on qualitative test results, the presence of the highest number of secondary metabolites in Zeravschania aucheri, including tannin, saponin, phenol, glycoside, flavonoid, and phlobatannin. Although the presence of phenol and flavonoid was confirmed in all species, the alkaloid test was positive only in Zeravschania membranacea. The results of the antimicrobial tests showed that the most zone of growth inhibition of bacteria was related to the Zeravschania membranacea extract at a concentration of 400 mg on the Staphylococcus aureus strain (12 mm) and the Zeravschania aucheri extract did not cause sensitivity to the proliferation of all three studied strains at different concentrations. Presence of alkaloid compounds in Zeravschania membranacea could be a reasons for inhibiting the proliferation and growth of bacteria. Also, Zeravschania membranacea extract showed the lowest levels of MIC= 12.5 and MBC= 25 on Staphylococcus strain.

Ferula ovina (Apiaceae) is a perennial rangeland medicinal plant found in the mountainous area of Iran. Due to seed dormancy at maturity and dispersal as well as climate changes in the area, the population of this species has been reduced. Accordingly, in the present study the effects of smoke treatments (aerosol smoke and two methods of smoke extract preparation) on seed germination characteristics of this plant were investigated. Treatments with smoke from the burning of wheat straw were applied after varying periods of cold stratification. Cold stratification changed the level of seed dormancy and increased the rate and percentage of seed germination. Furthermore, aerosol smoke applied after cold stratification significantly increased the rate and percentage of seed germination. The greatest increase (20%) in germination percentage compare to control was observed in seeds that had been cold-stratified for 7 days and exposed to aerosol smoke for two minutes. Smoke extracts with concentrations (1: 1000 - 1: 100 v/v) prepared by the two methods also increased the germination of cold stratified seeds. Hence, the maximum percentage of germination (80%) was obtained for seeds cold stratified for 30 days and treated with 1:1000 dilution of charred straw solution. However, undiluted smoke water decreased the percentage of seed germination after 0 and 30 days of cold stratification and led to abnormal seedling development. In general, the results of this study demonstrated that smoke treatments improve seed germination of cold stratified Ferula ovina seeds.