جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « apiaceae » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

Seseli is an important genus of the Apiaceae family with many aromatic species. These plants are widely used in traditional medicine, but there is little information about their phytochemical compositions and biological activities. An ecotype of Seseli transcaucasicum (Schischk.) Pimenov & Sdobnina, about which there is little phytochemical information, grows in the Hezar-Masjed Mountains of northeastern Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity and antioxidant properties of ethanolic and methanolic extracts from the leaves and seeds of this plant. Cytotoxic activity against MCF7 and HSkMC was determined by the MTT method, and the antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated by the DPPH and PFRAP methods. The results showed that the methanolic extract of seeds had the greatest effect on inhibiting the growth of cancer cells at 48 and 72 hours, with IC50 values of 54.35 and 50.52 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the methanolic extract of the seeds had the greatest effect on the degradation of DPPH free radicals with an IC50 value of 44.64 μg/ml, and this inhibitory effect was comparable to the effect of ascorbic acid. The antioxidant effect of iron reduction of the different extracts was significantly lower than that of ascorbic acid. However, among the extracts, the reducing power of the methanolic seed extract was better than the others. Considering that the methanolic seed extract had the most lethal effect on cancer cells, it seems that the extract that has stronger antioxidant power also has stronger anticancer properties.

In this investigation essential oils of the wild and cultivated Eryngium caeruleum M.Bieb. were analysed by GC and GC/MS, and screened for their antimicrobial activities. At least seventy-three ingredients were identified in both specimens that limonene (16.4-32.3%), β-bisabolol (10.3-17.3%), δ-3-carene (6.6-9.4%), cis-limonene oxide (3.1-7.8%), (E)-β-farnesene (4.4-4.8%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (2.4-2.9%) were the major components. Also, the antibacterial and the antimycotic activities of these oils were reported against six bacterial and fungal strains. The antibacterial analysis displayed that both oils presented high activity versus all the tested Gram-negative strains in a range of MIC values from 4 to 8 mg/ml. The antifungal test results proved moderate activity against Candida krusei and Candida albicans (MIC values 1 to 4 mg/ml). Our results, have been proved that cultivation and domestication of this plant seems improved the microbial test results for the cultivated sample. These are aspects that turn this plant into useful crops for domestication and commercialization. Results of this investigation propose that it is noteworthy to grow this herb by the farmers in Babol, Mazandaran, Iran for pharmaceutical, therapeutic and food targets and natural bactericide agent.

The chromosome number of Ferula stenocarpa (2n=22) and Ducrosia flabellifolia (2n=22) belonging to Apiaceae, Rindera lanata (2n=48) from Boraginaceae, and Ziziphus spina-christi (2n=24), Z. nummularia (2n=24) of Rhamnaceae and also a hybrid between them (Z. nummularia × Z. spina-christi 2n=24) from the Sahara Sindian Region (southern Iran) are reported. The chromosome numbers of Ferula stenocarpa and Rindera lanata are reported here for the first time and Ducrosia flabellifolia, Z. nummularia, Z. spina-christi, and Z. nummularia × Z. spina-christi are reported for the first time from the Iranian population.

Twelve plant species belonging to seven families were collected from the wetlands of Kermanshah Province. Chromosome numbers for Sinapis arvensis L. (2n = 18), Rumex cyprius Murb. (2n = 18), Calamagrostis pseudophragmites var. tartarica (Hook. f.) R.R. Stewart (2n = 42) and Scandix stellata Banks & Sol. (2n = 20) are reported for the Flora of Iran for the first time. The karyomorphological parameters and Stebbins class were determined for all species.

The genus Bunium (Apiaceae) comprises about 50 species spreading in Asia, Europe and North Africa. The genus Bunium comprised 14 species in Iran. It has various biological activities related to digestive and urinary tract disorders. In traditional medicine, it has been used in chronic stomach diseases, colitis, jaundice, chronic cholangitis, swelling and kidney stones. Aerial parts of Bunium kuhitangi Nevski and Bunium microcarpum (Boiss) Freyn & Bornm. were collected from Golestan provience,  Gorgan, Golestan Park, on June 2020, essential oil extracted by water distillation method (Clevenger-type apparatus) for 3 h to obtain the essential oil. Chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by Gas chromatography (GC), Gas chromatography and Mass spectrometry (GC-MS), simultaneously. Main components from B. kuhitangi . were 9-epi-(E)- caryophyllene (35.38%), α- copaene (8.38%) and δ- selinene (7.35%) and main components for B. microcarpum. were 9-epi-(E)- caryophyllene (73.61%), γ- cuprenene (8.37%) and  a-cadinene (5.75%).  β-caryophyllene is a pale yellow oily liquid with an odor midway between odor of cloves and turpentine.   To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the chemical constituents of B. kuhitangi. from Iran. In this study, it was aimed to clarify the chemical profile of essential oil obtained from B. kuhitangi and B. microcarpum.. and to determine its main compounds.

Ferula L. as one of the most economically important genera of Apiaceae comprises many species with numerous aromatic and bioactive compounds used in traditional and modern medicine. Based on these features of Ferula that were subject to phytochemical studies, we compare recent molecular phylogenetic findings inferred from nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrDNA ITS) and cpDNA regions (rps16, rpoC1 introns and rpoB-trnC intergenic spacer) with the secondary metabolites inferred from available phytochemical data to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within the Iranian species of the genus. Totally 40 species including six species of Leutea and 34 species of Ferula belonging to three subgenera and seven sections in Iran were examined by phytochemical data that inferred from above 150 publications. Phytochemical compounds were typified in nine groups as 40 binary characters. The last phylogenetic tree was pruned for those Iranian species and the phytochemical data were mapped over. The phytochemical analyses indicate that the major chemical components such as organic sulphur, monoterpen and sesquiterpene compounds have concentrated within five sections of subgen. Narthex of the Ferula genus and the economically important species mostly placed closely within the sections Merwia and Scorodosma.

Pimpinella kurdica (Apiaceae) is described as a new record to the Flora of Turkey (C9, Hakkâri). The detailed morphological and fruit anatomical characters, along with distribution map are given.

The divergence time of the largely Asian element, the genus Ferula L. (subtribe Ferulinae, tribe Scandiceae, Apiaceae) was initially analyzed using nrDNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data followed with three regions of cpDNA (rps16 and rpoC1 introns and rpoB-trnC intergenic spacers) from 141 representatives of subtribe Ferulinae (Ferula, Dorema, Leutea) and relatives. Further analyses of the biogeographical history of the Ferula group were carried out using BEAST, S-DIVA and BBM in RASP on all datasets. The results suggested that the initial split within Ferulinae occurred during Early Pliocene about 4.8 Ma and earlier ancestor of Ferula group has been originated mostly in Armeno-Iranian province. One descendent giving rises to the Ferula clade and another descendent subsequently underwent further divergence to account for Leutea lineages about 1.8-2 Ma. The rapid diversification within Ferulinae clade has occurred since the Middle Pliocene. Subsequent diversification of the Ferula clade intensified in the Irano-Turanian region during the late Pliocene in the Central Asian zone and toward west in Mediterranean zone during early Pleistocene. The ancestor of Chinese group of Ferula spread from Central Asia to eastern Asia in the Pliocene (2.2-4 Ma). The ancestor of the Mediterranean group of Ferula occurred in the West Mediterranean with high marginal probability. These diversifications likely corresponded with the Himalayas-Tibetan plateau uplift-driven climatic changes and aridification of Central Asia and also after refilling the Mediterranean basin and Zanclean flood during the Pliocene respectively.

Middle Asia is one of the major centers of origin and diversity of the family Apiaceae. Secretory system and other anatomical peculiarities of many endemic Apiaceae are still poorly investigated. Comparative anatomical study of plant secretory structures has a great theoretical and practical importance in relation to taxonomy, ecology and pharmacology. The paper provides the results of structural investigation of the secretory system of five endemic and medicinal species of Apiaceae from Middle Asia (Sphaerosciadium denaense, Ferula foetida, F. varia, F. kyzylkumica, Dorema sabulosum). It was revealed that different representatives of the family Apiaceae growing in various habitats have a secretory system represented with terpenoid keeping schizogenous secretory ducts. Desert plants (F. foetida, F. varia, F. kyzylkumica, D. sabulosum) have larger secretory ducts producing more of terpenoids, than a mesophilous relic mountain species S. denaense. The most characteristic structural features of secretory system of S. denaense are small diameter of lumen, small epithelial cells, and the absence of ducts around the xylem of the medullary bundles in the stem and petioles. The structural features of secretory system are specific to each of the investigated plants. The topography and dimensions of secretory ducts are a diagnostic character applied in species identification.

This research involved in and coordinated multidisciplinary and complementary natural resources in the area of sustainable soil and plant nutrient management as well as economic benefits of edible herb production systems. The main concern was selection of the right growing media to achieve optimum yield and growth rate while avoiding application of synthetic fertilizers.Froriepia subpinnata is a medicinal and edible endemic vegetable which grows naturally in the north of Iran. In order to evaluate the effect of compost tea, vermicompost, and mycorrhizal symbiosis on morphophysiological traits of Froriepia subpinnata, a factorial experiment was conducted in Sari, Mazandaran based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The factors included Glomus moseae at two levels (inoculated and non-inoculated), vermicompost at two levels (without application and application at 2 tons/ ha), and compost tea at two levels (no application and application at 1.5 liter/ ha). Results showed that the impact of dual interactions of vermicompost and mycorrhizal symbiosis were significant on the length and diameter of flowering stems, flower diameter, leaf width, and plant fresh weight at p

The present study reports somatic chromosome numbers of 7 species belong to 6 familiesfrom Iran.The chromosome numbersofEpilobium palustre (2n=36), Geranium pyrenaicum (2n=26), Sium sisarum (2n=20), Veronica beccabunga (2n=18)were reported for the first time for the flora of Iran. Ferula persica (2n=22)and Tragopogon jesdianus (2n=12)are reported for the first time. The report for Bromus scoparius (2n=28) is the second count for the species in Iran. Ideograms are depicted for each species.

Three new specie including Pimpinella gilanica (Apiaceae), Potentilla humilis (Rosaceae) and Verbascum gilanicum (Scrophulariaceae) are described. In addition, three new records including Aethusa cynapium L. (Apiaceae), Hypochaeris glabra L. (Asteraceae) and Turritis laxa (Sibth. & Sm.) Hayek (Brassicaceae) are reported as new records for the flora of Iran.

The essential oil from the seeds of Cuminum cyminum L. was isolated by hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The yield of the oil was found to be 3.0% (on dry weight basis). A total of twenty six components, representing 96.7% of the oil were identified. Cuminaldehyde (49.4%), p-cymene (17.4%), β-pinene (6.3%), α terpinen-7-al (6.8%), γ- terpinene (6.1%), p-cymen-7-ol (4.6%) and thymol (2.8%) were the major components in the oil.