جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "botanical insecticides" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

The fumigant, repellent, contact toxicity, and phytotoxicity of essential oils from Mentha pulegium, M. piperita, Cuminum cyminum, and Myrtus communis were investigated against the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover). GC- MS analyzed the composition of essential oil. The primary constituents of the essential oils from M. pulegium, C. cyminum, M. piperita, and M. communis were pulegone (63.88%), cuminic aldehyde (28.20%), menthol (36.94%), and 1, 8-Cineole (36.13%), respectively. The LC50 toxicity values showed that the essential oil from M. pulegium was the most toxic against A. gossypii. In the contact toxicity bioassay, the essential oil of C. cyminum was more harmful than the others. All formulations, except for M. piperita had a repellent effect on adult aphids. When used at the highest tested doses, all formulations of essential oils caused phytotoxicity to the cucumber leaves. Based on our results, the essential oils of M. pulegium, C. cyminum, M. piperita, and M. communis plants could be developed into effective fumigants.

Chemical insecticides application for pest control pose serious impacts on human health and environment. Nowadays, intensified efforts to find safer and environmentally friendly alternatives have resulted in identification and production of some plant-derived natural ingredients that can use against insect pests. Amongst these plants, feverfew, Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip., from Asteraceae family is reputed to have insecticidal properties in addition to its excellent medicinal values. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the extract of T. parthenium collected from Northern Khorasan province (Northeast of Iran) for its pyrethrin content using RP-HPLC chromatography.
Flowers and leaves of T. parthenium harvested at flowering stage were dried at cool and dark place and subjected to 3 steps maceration with (30ml) chloroform and shaking for 1 hr. followed by filtration. Pyrethrin contents were then read by chromatographic method at 230 nm wavelength against the background of calibration regression equations. Our results indicated that dry flowers contain 0.46% total pyrethrin (I II), whereas leaves and stems include 0.06% pyrethrum. Pyrethrin was more concentrated in flower than stem. The wild population of T. parthenium of Northern Khorasan province demonstrates high potentiality to be commercially cultivated if it undergoes a plant-breeding program to manipulate phenotypic variation in the concentration of bioactive compounds present at harvest.