جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "fertilizer" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

The present study investigates the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on growth indices, chlorophyll content, protein of the aerial parts, and the amount of potassium and phosphorus in the roots and aerial parts of Euphorbia tirucali. Plants obtained from seven-month cuttings, spent a period of four months in soil without fertilizer (control) or in twelve treatments including biofertilizer containing Azotobacter crococum, urea fertilizer and four common types of NPK fertilizer in two concentrations of 2 and 4 g / l in complete randomized blocks in the greenhouse of the Islamic Azad University of Gorgan from the beginning of March 2019.The growth indices including the dry and fresh weight of the plant, roots and shoots as well as the ratio of fresh and dry weight of the root to the plant have been studied.The results of the present study showed that, contrary to expectations, chemical fertilizers, especially urea, mostly reduced the growth indices and especially the growth of the root system. Biofertilizer also did not improve growth indices compared to the control. Also, the use of these fertilizers did not increase the protein content of the aerial parts. Despite the increase in root potassium in some treatments or the increase in phosphorus transfer from root to shoot in most treatments, the correlation study showed that changes in root potassium or shoot phosphorus content were not correlated with growth changes. However, increase in shoot phosphorus showed a significant positive or negative correlation with shoot chlorophyll a and b content, respectively. Changes in chlorophyll content also had a negative correlation with root system development. The need to reconsider the cost of nitrogen fertilizer for this plant is a practical result of the present work.

In order to evaluate the foliar application of iron and zinc on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Orlando Tangelo, an experiment was performed on 5-year-old trees in a garden in Manojan city in Kerman province. Experimental factors included zinc and iron each at 3 levels (0, 1 and 2 per thousand). Results showed that the application of iron and zinc significantly increased the flowers and fruits. The highest flowers and fruits were observed in trees treated with iron in combination with zinc (2 per thousand). Application of iron and zinc had no significant effect on fruit size (diameter and length and length to diameter ratio) and juice volume. The fruit weight decreased as a result of fertilizer application. But no significant difference was observed between the control and iron (2 per thousand) in combination with zinc (1,2 per thousand). The highest pulp to peel ratio was obtained in treated tree with 1 per thousand (3.58) and 2 (3.25) per thousand zinc. The lowest TSS / TA ratio (1.34) was observed in fruit treated with iron (2 per thousand). Except for iron (2 per thousand) along and in combination with different concentrations of zinc, other treatments significantly increased the ascorbic acid content. Although application of zinc (1 per thousand) alone and iron (1 per thousand) along and combination with zinc (2 per thousand) increased the total phenol, but did not show a significant difference with the control. The application of all treatments improved the fruit color. The highest a* (more orange color) was observed in iron (1 per thousand) combined with zinc (1 and 2 per thousand). Generally, application of zinc and iron had an effective role in increasing the number of flowers and fruits of Orlando Tangelo and improving some quality characteristics such as increasing the ratio of pulp to peel and ascorbic acid of the fruit.

Indiscriminate population growth, especially in urban areas and the emergence of metropolises, population concentration and involuntary human intervention in nature, the wave of consumerism along with the advancement of technology has led to the production of diverse solid waste with a wide range in the world. Many of the wastes produced, especially from industrial activity, have entered the air and soil due to population growth, urban development, and ultimately pollution. Nowadays, the development of new methods of managing resource utilization and the use of low-input farming systems in order to achieve sustainable agricultural goals and environmental protection has become particularly important. Sewage sludge is rich in organic matter and essential elements needed by plants such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The use of sewage sludge as fertilizer in agricultural fields, in addition to having economic advantages, is also a good option to solve its environmental problems. The main limitation of wastewater sludge consumption is the presence of high concentrations of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium. The use of sewage sludge in agricultural fields should be done by considering all its beneficial and harmful aspects, and maintaining the health of consumers of agricultural products should be a priority in all programs. This article tries to examine the useful and harmful aspects of the use of sewage sludge in agriculture.

This study was performed in order to encourage farmers to apply more organic fertilizers, and introducing fish liquid fertilizers as a highly beneficial fertilizer to increase in plant performance.. The experiments were designed based on a completely randomized design including 2 factors, 6 treatments and 4 replications on eggplant in the greenhouse of university of Hormozgan. The results of analysis of variance showed significant differences in the traits of shoot length, shoot diameter, radicle length, chlorophyll content and leaf width among treatments at a probability level of 1%. The mean comparisons using Duncan's multi-domain test showed that the fish liquid fertilizer treatment (0.001) and (0.0001) had the highest effects on the studied traits, respectively. The utilization of fish liquid fertilizer treatment (0.001) improved shoot length (10.275 cm), root length (8.25 cm), shoot diameter (3.425 mm), leaf width (2.025 cm), and chlorophyll content (1.5388 mg g-1 FW) of eggplant seedling. It can be concluded that applying of organic fertilizers such as fish liquid and macro-algae fertilizers, not only enhanced crop performance, but also plays an important role in achieving sustainable agriculture due to reducing the environment pollutions.

This study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of supplementary irrigation and application of Zn and K fertilizers on physiological characteristics of chickpea. The experiment was conducted in a split plot-factorial using randomized complete blocks design with three replications at campus of agriculture and natural resources، Razi University، Kermanshah، Iran. Supplementary irrigation in two levels (W1= non irrigation and W2= supplementary irrigation at podding stage) was considered as main-plot; on the other hand، combination treatments of Zn fertilizer in four levels (Zn1=0، Zn2=20، Zn3=40 and Zn4=60kg/ha) and K fertilizer in three levels (K1=0، K2=50 and K3=100kg/ha) were considered as sub-plots. The results showed that the effects of irrigation on all studied physiological characteristics were significant excluding chlorophyll-a and RWL. Likewise، the effect of Zn fertilizer on all parameters was significant. Moreover، the effect of K fertilizer on all parameters was significant excluding chlorophyll SPAD. Based on the results، supplementary irrigation increased the chlorophyll-a، chlorophyll-b، chlorophyll-ab and relative water content (RWC). Under drought stress condition، proline content and storage protein were more than supplementary irrigation treatment. In the same way، application of K fertilizer improved all parameters excluding RWC. Application of 40kg Zn fertilizer improved all parameters in chickpea. In irrigation condition and already application of Zn and K fertilizers as much as optimum amount plant had a good physiological status and produced highest yield، too.