جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "industry" در نشریات گروه "شیمی"

Epoxidized vegetable oils are promising candidates as raw material substitutes for industrial applications. The Chemical modification of epoxies appears to be a pathway towards achieving this goal of replacing raw materials with industrial products. In this study, oil was extracted from cottonseed using a Soxhlet extractor, yielding 35% cottonseed oil. The results obtained in the cottonseed oil characterization were determined as follows: an iodine value of 114.7gI2/100g, acid value of 0.66mgKOH/g, saponification value of 191.2mgKOH/g, specific gravity of 0.923g, peroxide value of 10.42mEq/kg, pH 4.1. The oil was epoxidized using 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide as the oxygen donor and glacial acetic acid as the oxygen carrier in the presence of sulphuric acid as catalyst. The fresh oil and the products of the epoxidation reaction were characterized using FT-IR analysis, the results of which indicated the disappearance of the carbon-carbon double bond peak at 1655 cm-1 and the appearance of the epoxide peak at 785 cm-1. The analysis also showed the strength of the synthetic epoxy, cotton epoxy cured in 21 minutes versus commercial epoxy cured in 8 minutes. Vegetable oils that have undergone epoxidation are interesting alternatives to replace raw materials in industrial applications. Epoxies can potentially be chemically altered in order to replace raw materials with industrial goods. The following conclusions were drawn from the cottonseed oil characterisation results the specific gravity is 0.923g, peroxide content is 10.42mEq/kg, pH is 4.1, iodine value is 114.7gI2/100g, acid value is 0.66mgKOH/g, and saponification value is 191.2mgKOH/g. FT-IR analysis was employed to characterize the fresh oil and the epoxidation reaction’s products.

Soil pollution has increasing risks for human health and environment. Heavy elements are considered among the most important pollutants in the environment, which have been highly concerned in the last few decades. The accumulation of heavy elements in the soil, especially in agricultural fields, is gradual and the concentration of heavy elements can reach a level that threatens human food security. Every year, thousands of tons of these elements, which are caused by urban, industrial, and agricultural activities, enter the soil. The study of different researchers inside the country shows that the intensification of industrial activities, on one hand, and the non-compliance of environmental issues and standards by some of the industrial owners, on the other hand, has caused environmental pollution in some areas of the country. Soil is one of the important components of earth's bio-travel and plays an important role in the health of humans and animals. Soil not only plays an important role in the production of food and clothing, but also has a significant effect on maintaining the environmental quality. Therefore, soil contamination by chemicals is one of the most important biological issues. In the last few decades, with the progress of industry, the amount of toxic elements in the soil has been increased. Municipal and industrial effluents, solid wastes from various urban, industrial and agricultural activities, various fertilizers, and chemical poisons are important sources of soil pollution with toxic elements.

This study has examined risk management planning in the field of Information Technology in industrial companies. Today, information is considered a valuable factor along with other factors of production. With rapid technological change, globalization and the expansion of efficient domain are among the requirements for achieving competitive advantage. Information technology in the fields of hardware, software, volume and data type and telecommunication networks is rapidly evolving and changing. Most managers of organizations have become aware of the importance of using this technology in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations and greater customer satisfaction. In addition to failing to meet the projected benefits, it is likely that the failure of this IT will not be limited to the financial and economic disadvantages of managing the subtleties of project execution and may continue to IT as long as an organization fails. Regarding the process of risk management or information security risks, there are methods and methodologies which define steps to evaluation process and risk treatment according to the considered approach. But in most of these methods, some basic principles and concepts are considered the same.