جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « vancomycin » در نشریات گروه « شیمی »

  Vancomycin is an antibacterial drug used to treat intestinal infections caused by Clostridium difficile, which can cause bloody or watery diarrhea. Clostridium difficile infections are among the most common infections in patients who have recently taken antibiotics for a long time or have been hospitalized. This drug is also used in the treatment of staph infections that cause inflammation of the small intestine and colon. Vancomycin powder 1 g intraarticular intraoperatively administered during total knee arthroplasty. It was not applied selectively so that an inclusion bias brought on by limited application to certain indications could be disregarded  Vancomycin is bactericidal and works by inhibiting the construction of the cell wall and blocking glycopeptide polymerization. The spectrum of effect of this drug includes many Gram-positive organisms, including those that are resistant to other antibiotics. This drug is effective in infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin. Also, this drug is effective for treating infections caused by streptococcus pneumococcus resistant to penicillin. Intra-articular injections for the treatment of joint problems is a term used to directly inject a drug into the joint with the aim of reducing pain. Corticosteroids (steroids) were the first drugs used for this purpose. Vancomycin is used in limited cases, including in the prevention and treatment of endocarditis and other serious infections caused by gram-positive cocci (such as staphylococcus resistant to penicillins). Oral vancomycin is not effective in the treatment of systemic infections, but it is used orally in the treatment of pseudomembranous colitis caused by antibiotics.

Bone infection (Osteomyelitis) is an inflammation of the bone that usually results in infection. Nowadays, in situ forming systems are investigated for the osteomyelitis treatment. These systems are in the form of viscous liquid, but they become solid or semi-solid and the drug is released slowly after injection into the infection site. The aim of present study was the long-term release of vancomycin using a PLGA system loaded with drug-containing chitosan nanoparticles. The in situ formulations formed in this study were composed of three main components: polymer, water-miscible solvent, and active pharmaceutical ingredient. PLGA 504H polymer and PEG 250DME solvent with a polymer to solvent ratio of 3:1 was used to prepare the in situ forming system. Chitosan nanoparticles were designed using gelation ionic method by designing the experiment of chitosan nanoparticles with encapsulation efficiency of 51% and drug loading of 25%. Then, by adding different ratios of released drug to loaded drug through nanoparticles in the system, their release profile was examined. The results revealed that adding chitosan nanoparticles reduced burst release by 44% and increased the release time. In this system, the drug can be added to the polymer solution in different proportions of the free form and the drug-containing nanoparticle. Furthermore, in this system, it is possible to use the combination of different drugs in free form or loaded in nanoparticles to improve the treatment process in the system. The use of biodegradable polymers eliminates the need for surgery in the use of this medicinal system. Moreover, this system is biocompatible and non-toxic due to the non-use of organic solvent in the preparation of the system and the use of PEG 250 DME solvent.