جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تشی » در نشریات گروه « محیط زیست »

In recent years, Hystrix indica as the biggest rodent in Iran has been in conflict with humans regarding the destruction of gardens and agricultural products, and the population of this species has been decreased due to illegal hunting and the use of pesticides and chemical poisons. Meanwhile there is not effective information which provide the possibility of developing a management and conservation plan for this species, so the aim of this study is to investigate the structure and genetic diversity of Hystrix indica in Fars province habitats.

15 quill and tissue samples of this species were collected in the Fars province habitats. After DNA extraction, mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was amplified in 13 samples by polymerase chain reaction and 912 nucleotide pairs of this gene were sequenced and edited for each sample.

Based on the Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Phylogenetic Tree, all the studied samples are related to the same clade and belong to Hystrix indica species. Among the studied samples, only two different haplotypes were identified and the haplotype diversity was equal to 0.282 and the nucleotide diversity was estimated to be 0.00029.

the results showed that haplotype diversity of Hystrix indica is low in Fars province, so it is suggested to avoid further environmental crises like disruption of its food chain, while conducting demographic studies in order to develop a conservation and management plan for this species.

Porcupine (Hystrix indica) is the largest rodent found in Iran and causes a lot of damage to protected areas and forest plantations every year.

investigation of the environment and damage to trees in Sefidkouh forest of Doureh Chegini city of Lorestan province was performed using transect method and marking damaged trees between 2011-2015, which finally, damage to damaged trees with different criteria and characteristics were determined. Also, three conventional methods of fencing, hedging and crimping were used to control the porcupine damage.

The study of porcupine damage to trees showed that it had an increasing trend during the years under study and among the existing tree species (Persian oak, fig and almond) only oak trees were damaged. The highest damage of porcupine was observed in spring on trees with a diameter class of 25-50 cm. Also, the most damage to tree trunks was observed at a height class of 40-60 cm, and the thickness of the bark of tree trunks fed by porcupine was between the two classes of <1 cm and 1-1.5 cm. Among the direct and indirect damages caused by porcupine, peeling the tree has caused the most damage to the stems.The results of Spearman correlation between the variables of degree of damage with tree form, diameter class, bark thickness, time of damage showed a positive and significant relationship between the degree of damage caused by porcupine to Quercus brantii trees with diameter class, time of damage and there was negative and significant relationship between the degree of damage with the thickness of the bark and the form of the tree. The results of mechanical control of the porcupine had significant difference in the three methods of hedge fencing and crimping, so that the fencing method was effective in controlling this rodent.

Porcupine causes damage to oak trees, especially in the protected areas of Zagros forests due to the conservation and protection conditions of these forests and mechanical control methods are effective in controlling the damage of this rodent.

Awareness of the factors affecting the habitat desirability of species and also the distribution of desirable habitats are essential issues in planning for dynamic and sustainable management and conservation of species which consequently might lead to balance in ecological relationships of habitat. Regarding  the lack of field research on the ecological status of the Porcupine (Hystrix indica)  and its unique characteristics in morphological, behavioral and its effects on the sustainability of the ecological status of the country's habitats, in this research we are trying to  model the habitat of this species as the  largest rodent species in the country from October 2017 to December  2018, during 30 rounds of accurate field monitoring in Khojir National Park to determine the most important habitat variables affecting species distribution. In this study, 130 points of presence were recorded by GPS based on direct and indirect indices obtained from species activity. MaxEnt method was used to model the habitat suitability of Hystrix indica. The AUC value was 0.9, which indicates a good accuracy of Maximum entropy's model. The results showed that the type of vegetation, geographical direction, altitude, slope and distance from the road have the greatest impact on the presence and activity of the species, respectively. The results of this research can be used as an efficient tool to identify the factors affecting the presence of the species and also help to the proper management of Porcupine in the study area and other habitats of this species.