جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی » در نشریات گروه « محیط زیست »

Due to the lake of water resources, rivers are known as the most important sources of water supply for various purposes. Gamasiab River is one of the largest sources of water supply for drinking, agriculture and industry in Kermanshah, Iran. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality of Gamasiab River using different indicators. For this purpose 15 stations along the Gamasiab River in 2018 were selected. Different parameters of nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, potassium, sodium, electrical conductivity, pH and total dissolved solids were measured in spring and summer. The results of the WQI index were calculated using the WHO global standard. Due to the results, WQI index in the spring and summer have been estimated 9/16 and 3/16, which were less than WHO standard and placed in the highest category of drinking water quality. Assessing WAWQI index indicated high Quality of water in the spring season for drinking, irrigation and industry (21.29), Also, the results of the WAWQI index categorized Gamasiab River in good level for drinking, irrigation and industry (27.09). According to the results of the NPI index in the spring season with a value of -0.91 and in the summer season with a numerical value of -0.9, the water of the Gamasiab River is in the clean and unpolluted category in terms of nitrates. The results of Wilcox's classification for electrical conductivity in different stations showed that in spring and summer in all stations, water salinity is average and its quality is good.

In this study, the water quality of the Karun River as one of the most important rivers in the country due to the presence of large pollutants in the province of Khuzestan, as well as passing through large industrial cities such as Ahwaz, using physicochemical parameters and water quality indicators as well as remote sensing techniques and reviewed. The quality of the river was evaluated in six stations of Arab Assad, Valiabad, Bamdge, Mollasani, Ahvaz and Fars province using the remote sensing techniques in the ARC GIS environment at annual scale to study the water quality of the river. In this study, the physicochemical parameters include TDS-SO4-SAR-PH-Na-Mg-K-HCO3-EC-CL-Ca in 2013, 1393 and 1394. Also, Karoon River Water Quality Indicators (NSFWQI and WQI) were calculated using the DOFC-PH-BOD-Temperature-Phosphate-Nitrate-Turbidity-TDS parameters at the stations and analyzed in the ARC GIS In this study, the water quality of the Karun River as one of the most important rivers in the country due to the presence of large pollutants in the province of Khuzestan, as well as passing through large industrial cities such as Ahwaz, using physicochemical parameters and water quality indicators as well as remote sensing techniques and reviewed. The quality of the river was evaluated in six stations of Arab Assad, Valiabad, Bamdge, Mollasani, Ahvaz and Fars province using the remote sensing techniques in the ARC GIS environment at annual scale to study the water quality of the river. In this study, the physicochemical parameters include TDS-SO4-SAR-PH-Na-Mg-K-HCO3-EC-CL-Ca in 2013, 1393 and 1394. Also, Karoon River Water Quality Indicators (NSFWQI and WQI) were calculated using the DOFC-PH-BOD-Temperature-Phosphate-Nitrate-Turbidity-TDS parameters at the stations and analyzed in the ARC GIS environment. The results of zoning of physicochemical parameters showed that the waters of the Karun River have become more alkaline from 1392 to 1394. The amount of electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble solids (TDS), sulfuric acid (SO4), sodium permeation ratio (S.A.R) increased in 1993, compared to 92 years ago, and have been growing in 94 years. The percentage of sodium, potassium, chlenvironment. The results of zoning of physicochemical parameters showed that the waters of the Karun River have become more alkaline from 1392 to 1394. The amount of electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble solids (TDS), sulfuric acid (SO4), sodium permeation ratio (S.A.R) increased in 1993, compared to 92 years ago, and have been growing in 94 years. The percentage of sodium, potassium, chlorine, bicarbonate and calcium also increased in 1993 and decreased to 94 in 94 years. These changes are more apparent near the Mollaani and Ahwaz stations, which are urban areas. The zoning results of the NSFWQI and WQI index are down from 92 to 94, and are getting worse and ranked bad. Although the water quality in the year 93 was slightly better than in the year of 92, it returned to decline in 94 years. Based on the zonations of the worst condition of water quality, they are also intermediate between the stations of Mollasani to the end of the river boundary. In this study, the importance of remote sensing studies, in particular, interpolation techniques in the ARC GIS environment, was identified due to reduced cost of studies in water quality assessment.In this study, the water quality of the Karun River as one of the most important rivers in the country due to the presence of large pollutants in the province of Khuzestan, as well as passing through large industrial cities such as Ahwaz, using physicochemical parameters and water quality indicators as well as remote sensing techniques and reviewed. The quality of the river was evaluated in six stations of Arab Assad, Valiabad, Bamdge, Mollasani, Ahvaz and Fars province using the remote sensing techniques in the ARC GIS environment at annual scale to study the water quality of the river. In this study, the physicochemical parameters include TDS-SO4-SAR-PH-Na-Mg-K-HCO3-EC-CL-Ca in 2013, 1393 and 1394. Also, Karoon River Water Quality Indicators (NSFWQI and WQI) were calculated using the DOFC-PH-BOD-Temperature-Phosphate-Nitrate-Turbidity-TDS parameters at the stations and analyzed in the ARC GIS environment. The results of zoning of physicochemical parameters showed that the waters of the Karun River have become more alkaline from 1392 to 1394. The amount of electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble solids (TDS), sulfuric acid (SO4), sodium permeation ratio (S.A.R) increased in 1993, compared to 92 years ago, and have been growing in 94 years. The percentage of sodium, potassium, chlIn this study, the water quality of the Karun River as one of the most important rivers in the country due to the presence of large pollutants in the province of Khuzestan, as well as passing through large industrial cities such as Ahwaz, using physicochemical parameters and water quality indicators as well as remote sensing techniques and reviewed. The quality of the river was evaluated in six stations of Arab Assad, Valiabad, Bamdge, Mollasani, Ahvaz and Fars province using the remote sensing techniques in the ARC GIS environment at annual scale to study the water quality of the river. In this study, the physicochemical parameters include TDS-SO4-SAR-PH-Na-Mg-K-HCO3-EC-CL-Ca in 2013, 1393 and 1394. Also, Karoon River Water Quality Indicators (NSFWQI and WQI) were calculated using the DOFC-PH-BOD-Temperature-Phosphate-Nitrate-Turbidity-TDS parameters at the stations and analyzed in the ARC GIS environment. The results of zoning of physicochemical parameters showed that the waters of the Karun River have become more alkaline from 1392 to 1394. The amount of electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble solids (TDS), sulfuric acid (SO4), sodium permeation ratio (S.A.R) increased in 1993, compared to 92 years ago, and have been growing in 94 years. The percentage of sodium, potassium, In this study, the water quality of the Karun River as one of the most important rivers in the country due to the presence of large pollutants in the province of Khuzestan, as well as passing through large industrial cities such as Ahwaz, using physicochemical parameters and water quality indicators as well as remote sensing techniques and reviewed. The quality of the river was evaluated in six stations of Arab Assad, Valiabad, Bamdge, Mollasani, Ahvaz and Fars province using the remote sensing techniques in the ARC GIS environment at annual scale to study the water quality of the river. In this study, the physicochemical parameters include TDS-SO4-SAR-PH-Na-Mg-K-HCO3-EC-CL-Ca in 2013, 1393 and 1394. Also, Karoon River Water Quality Indicators (NSFWQI and WQI) were calculated using the DOFC-PH-BOD-Temperature-Phosphate-Nitrate-Turbidity-TDS parameters at the stations and analyzed in the ARC GIS environment. The results of zoning of physicochemical parameters showed that the waters of the Karun River have become more alkaline from 1392 to 1394. The amount of electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble solids (TDS), sulfuric acid (SO4), sodium permeation ratio (S.A.R) increased in 1993, compared to 92 years ago, and have been growing in 94 years. The percentage of sodium, potassium, chl

This study was conducted to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals (Lead and Cadmium) levels in the water of the Damavand River. Samples were collected from 10 stations over a three month summer period in 2015. parameters were measured according to the standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater and the institute of standards & industrial research of Iran guidelines. Temperature, pH and turbidity were measured in situ. There were no significant differences between temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, BOD, calcium, magnesium, sulphate, nitrate and phosphate in the stations at 95% confidence level. Significantly (P<0.05) highest level of COD was for station 10 (24.47±7.45 mg/lit) and the lowest one was in station 4 (8.34±5.56 mg/lit). Significantly lowest levels of lead and cadmium were obtained at station 1. There were no significant variations (P>0.05) between lead levels in the stations 8, 9 and 10 and also between cadmium concentrations in the stations 8 and 10; these stations had the highest levels of the heavy metals. result was due to effluents from industrial units in the downstream of the river. were significant differences between temperature, pH, BOD, calcium, magnesium, sulphate and phosphate in the months at 95% confidence level

Corrosion and precipitationare physicochemical processes that reduce the amount of water flow in water transfer pipes and the effective life of water supply facilities, increase the energy consumption for water transfer, and cause some diseases among consumers. The present study was conducted to investigate the corrosion tendency and precipitationalong the Gorganroud River from highlands to the Gorgan Gulf.

In this study, the results of the analysis of 11 physicochemical parameters (Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Bicarbonate, Sulfate, Chloride, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, temperature, and pH) of the Gorganroud River during a period of 10 years were used (2004-2014).First, the annual mean changes in the qualitative parameters of water samples during the statistical period of the studied stations were investigated. Then, triangular diagrams were used to assess the Gorganroud River hydrochemical at the studied stations. Next, changes in water hardness as an important qualitative parameter in the industrial, agricultural, and drinking sectors were investigated along the Gorganroud River. Saturation indices were used to predict and the probability of precipitation or dissolution of some carbonate minerals (such as calcite, dolomite) and evaporites (such as anhydrite, gypsum, and halite) along the Gorganrood River. Then, the trend of changes in Langelier, Ryznar, Puckorius, Larson-Skold corrosion indices, corrosion ratio, and the calcium carbonate precipitation potential of Gorganroud River at four stations was investigated. Next, a one-way ANOVA test was used to investigate the significance level of indices in the studied stations. Finally, the relationship between mineral saturation indices and corrosion indices was investigated.  

Based on the accumulation and distribution pattern of the samples in the triangular diagram, the dominant water type in the Gorganroud River is bicarbonate on the margin of heights, and as it enters the plain and the chloride ion concentration increases, it tends to reach full maturity, the sodium chloride type. Hardness increased along the water movement path. The results of saturation indices showed that the river’s water is supersaturated with carbonate minerals and undersaturated with evaporite minerals. Based on Ryznar, Puckorius and Larson-Skold indices, Gorganroud River water tends to cause corrosion. However, the precipitation rate increased from the margin of highlands to Gorgan Gulf. The results of the calcium carbonate precipitation potential and Langelier Index indicated that Gorganroud River tends to precipitation over the study area. Investigation of the relationship between saturation indices with corrosion indices and calcium carbonate precipitation potential showed linear relationships between qualitative indices and saturation indices. The results of the statistical test showed a significant difference between the calculated indices in the studied stations.  

Although based on the hydrochemical results the main factor controlling water chemistry of the Gorganroud River was the water-rock reaction, factors such as saline water intrusion of Gorgan Gulf in the lower part of the river and inflow of untreated effluents into the river caused rapid hydrochemical evolution of the river and reached the sodium chloride type. Increasing the number of physicochemical parameters along the river path in addition to increasing the water hardness, has reduced corrosion and increased precipitation rate. Statistical results showed a clear linear relationship between saturation indices and corrosion and sequestration indices in water.

Chabahar Bay is a semi-closed environment in the southeastern coast of Iran, with two important ports of Konarak and Chabahar in its margins. The connection of this Bay to the Indian Ocean through the Oman Sea causes this region to be affected by the Monsoon phenomenon, especially the southwest Monsoon, in the late spring to late summer. On the other hand, with the expansion of various industries and increasing marginal population, it is expected that aquatic environment and, as a result, sensitive ecosystems such as coral habitats and mangroves, as well as water desalination plants affected by human activities. In this research, the effects of the Monsoon phenomenon on physicochemical parameters, nutrient concentration and Chl a will be studied. Also, the possibility of the effect of loading nutrients through the ports of Konarak and Tiss will be examined by comparing the results from these ports with the adjacent stations in the Bay.

Sampling from 4 stations in the Bay in two depths (0.5 m beneath the surface and 1 m above the bottom) was performed using five liters Niskin bottle in three replicates. Physicochemical parameters were measured by relevant portable probes at the sampling site. In the laboratory, the reagents were prepared for colorimetric detection according to the instructions (MOOPAM, 1999), and the amount of nutrients were measured by spectrophotometer in a quartz cell with a path length of 2 cm. Statistical analysis were performed using PRIMER 6 and STATISTICA 10 software.

According to the acquired results, the concentration of phosphate, nitrite and nitrate, as well as chlorophyll a, are higher in the post-monsoon period and are in the order of post-monosoon > pre-monsoon> monsooon. In the case of silicates, this trend is different and is as pre-monsoon> monsoon≈post-monsoon. Comparison of inter-annual results shows that the phosphate, nitrate and nitrite values in year 2017 were more than the corresponding values in 2013-2014. Chlorophyll a indicates a positive correlation with the nutrient concentration, which indicates that the primary production is controledl by the nutrients availablity. The pH and DO values have a positive correlation and both are generally less in the pre-monsoon than the post-monsoon in both sampling periods of 2013-2014 and 2017.

Comparison of the results between 2013-2014 and 2017 shows that there is a difference in nutrients and physicochemical parameters due to differences in the intensity and duration of the monsoon in different years. High concentrations of nitrate, phosphate and nitrite in the post-monsoon season are due to the monsoon-induced upwelling and the emergence of nutrient-rich waters. Lower silicates in the post-monsoon season than the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons seems to be the result of the silicate depletion by diatoms that blooms during this period, as the Chl a in the post-monsoon is greater than the preceding seasons. Finally, the comparison of nutrients in two marginal seaports with adjacent stations in the Bay shows that the amounts are significantly higher. However, they are still not at the stage to intensely elevate the nutrients levels in the Bay.

In recent years, the incidence of many cases of algal blooms have been reported in the southeastern coasts of Iran, which led to the loss of mass mortality of marine fish in this area. The aim of this study was to use regression trees to investigate the effects of physicochemical parameters and nutrient concentration on algal blooms. During the one-year study period, sampling was done in 6 stations along 2 transects in the coastal waters of Pasabandar and Beris. The trend of changes in pH, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate concentration, nitrite, phosphate, and silicate with the community of dominant phytoplankton genera was recorded. Overall, 40 phytoplankton genera were identified and more than 95% of the total number of observed cells belonged to 14 genera of phytoplankton. Results showed that increase in the pH, temperature, salinity, phosphate, nitrate and silicate were the effective parameters to bloom of Gonyaulax, Leptocylindrus, Mesodinium, Chaetocerus, Prorocentrum, Rhizosolenia and Nitzschia, respectively.

Phytoplankton in the structure and function of freshwater ecosystems play an important role. Quality and quantity of phytoplankton depend on in part on water the load nutritious. Therefore, the use of phytoplankton in different ecosystems, water is used to measure water quality or water pollution.

The river of Bijar city in Gilan area, which is one of the most important rivers in the country, in addition to the main source of drinking water supply in the region, is important for various uses in agriculture. 48 samples were taken for a wet year from July 2015 to June 2016 in 4 designated stations along the main tributary of Bijar city and the effect of physicochemical factors on the composition and frequency of phytoplankton in different seasons were studied and analyzed.

The results of the study of biological River Bijar, indicates the presence of 5 branches and 57 Genus in the region. The frequency of Bascillariophyta branches on other branches were dominant in all seasons.

Using Spss software and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, it was found that the collected data for all parameters have a normal distribution and the number of phytoplankton has a significant correlation with temperature, pH and nitrogen.

Rivers are important as one of the main sources of water supply for uses including agriculture, industry, and human consumption. This study evaluated the water quality of the Beheshtabad River (Shalamzar Spring - Jointing to Koohrang River) located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, using the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI). Using standard methods, this study determined nine water quality parameters: nitrate (NO3), temperature (T), phosphate (PO4), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), electrical conductivity (EC), total solids (TS) and pH, at five selected stations along the river for three months, July to September 2015. Results showed that water quality fluctuated between medium and good quality during the investigation. In addition, according to the mean values of WQI, water quality was classified as medium quality for the three months. Water pollution increased from upstream to downstream in the end of summer because of agricultural fertilizers and wastewater discharge from upstream fish farms and recreation service centers

Band-e AliKhan Wetland is located in 35 km south of Varamin in Tehran province as a freshwater seasonal wetland, which unfortunately has dried up in the last few years due to reduced precipitation. This Wetland is a habitat for the native bird’s breeding and migratory birds overwintering, and without it the lives of these birds will be compromised. This habitat has ecological, economic, social and environmental benefits. For many years, it has been the site for discharging the industrial wastewater upstream, including the Charmshahr Industrial Estate and at present, it is just the main entrance to this wetland. There are few studies on the impact of wastewater on the soil quality of wetland. In the present study, the topsoil of the north and the south of wetland to a depth of 15 cm were sampled and physicochemical parameters and some heavy metals were measured. The highest amount of chromium and zinc was observed in the northern part of the wetland.
In this study, based on the results, which indicates the alkalinity, the limestone intensity and the clay content of the wetland, it can be concluded that because the metals are active and transferable in acidic environments, these conditions make the stabilization of metals in the bed and immobility of them. Therefore, In the case of securing the water resources of wetland and also the prevention of industrial wastewater and agricultural drainage discharges, there is a great hope for the rapid restoration of the wetland and the return of Self-purification.

Vermicompost is one the valuable fertilizer which produced by certain species of earthworms during the process of biological degradation of organic wastes. This fertilizer is an odorless and highly nutritious and organic product with high capability of soil amendment. the proposes of the study were; the product of Vermicompost by Eisenia foetida earthworms and cow manure, the investigation of change physicochemical and biological parameters in the vermicompost production process, and also, the description of optimal production point for worms.The relationship between the parameters in vermicomposting correlation test using spss software version 22 was used. the parameters including temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, moisture content, number cocoon and worm, cocoon and worm weight, percentage of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were measured in the four months of composting, The results showed that in studied conditions the number of cocoon 7/3 equal, weight cocoon 7/2 equal, the number worms of 1/2 equal and weight worm 2/08 was equal. EC Product 3/4 Ms/cm, carbon percent 11/8, the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen 4/18 g/kg and 0/2 g/kg, respectively. Microbial contamination due to organic waste through the digestive tract of earthworms, and analyze them dropped. Considering results, biological parameters such as the number of cocoons, weight of cocoons and the number of worms, weight of worms, in during of Composting process significantly increased. So physicochemical and biological conditions which established in this study lead to appropriate production of vermicompost and optimize the worm production.