جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بازآفرینی » در نشریات گروه « محیط زیست »

One of the most significant and complex social transformations in the world over the past half-century has been urbanization, which has led to changes in the physical and economic structure of cities and has increasingly highlighted the importance of revitalizing dilapidated and inefficient urban fabrics. Urban regeneration utilizes the existing potentials in dilapidated areas and the extensive participation of public and private institutions with the least possible budget to restore social life and economic prosperity to the urban fabric.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The method of data collection is based on library resources and questionnaires. The statistical population of this research includes experts and elites in the field of urban planning. To identify and formulate regeneration strategies for urban neighborhoods, the SWOT model was used. To rank the output strategies of the model, the QSPM model was used in the framework of internal and external position evaluation. After analyzing the information, a futures research questionnaire was prepared and after being answered by the experts, the Mactor software was used to identify the key actors and their roles in relation to the mentioned strategies.

The research findings showed six strategies in a defensive mode in order of priority. In the analysis of the behavior of key actors towards the mentioned strategies, the role of the municipality, including planning, institution building, financing and implementation, and quasi-governmental organizations with the most impact, of which the Astan Qods and the Oqaf have been the most key and influential actors in the various social, economic, cultural, political and spatial-physical fields. In the following, the level of insistence of the actors (their agreement) with the mentioned strategies in the field of neighborhood regeneration showed that the actors have the most insistence on strategies such as using the location of the neighborhood in terms of access and building prices to create new jobs and use of fallow and abandoned lands to respond to the neighborhood's shortages, especially green spaces. The least of which was the use of an educated, young, and specialized population of the neighborhood in planning and revitalizing the neighborhood and paying more attention to the permeability of the neighborhood through the organization of the street network. Also, according to the distance between the actors, which showed their level of convergence, it can be mentioned that the municipality, quasi-governmental organizations (Astan Qods, Oqaf, etc.) and the Urban Renewal and Development Organization have a significant convergence with each other.

With the cooperation and close communication between municipalities as the main axis of executive actions in urban management and quasi-governmental organizations, including the Astan Qods and the Oqaf, it is possible to witness the acceleration of the regeneration of inefficient and dilapidated urban fabrics. In addition, the insistence of the actors on the location of the Sarab neighborhood in Mashhad city in terms of access and building prices to create new jobs emphasizes the importance of the economic aspect in the actions of the actors about regeneration measures to achieve their ultimate goals alongside the use of existing potentials. In this regard, the convergence of the municipality, quasi-governmental organizations (Astan Qods, Oqaf, etc.) and the Urban Renewal and Development Organization indicate a relative consensus and greater overlap between them regarding the envisaged future for the strategies mentioned.

One of the new methods of intervention in old and inefficient neighborhoods is the approach of regeneration. In fact, re-creation is an attempt to revive, revive and regenerate the city, or in other words, to revive the tissues in the city, which were used for commercial and industrial purposes in the past. Now they are abandoned and unusable due to pollution and other problems, so they are not compatible with the society. Today, these lands are called brown and gray urban lands that have survived the development process. Through the control, redevelopment and regeneration of these lands, environmental pollution, problems and threats are reduced to a great extent and can attract and create new jobs, increase the quality and attractiveness of the localities, and also Creating a new urban space by maintaining the main spatial features (physical and functional). This research has been compiled by descriptive-analytical method with the aim of evaluating brown and gray lands with the approach of urban regeneration. In data collection, library and field methods and a researcher-made questionnaire tool were used, and the hierarchical analysis technique (AHP) was used as the main basis of the research analytical model for ranking and valuing economic sub-indices social, physical and environmental have been used. The findings of the hierarchical analysis model on the prioritization of the dimensions affecting the regeneration of brown and gray lands, respectively, on the price of land with a relative weight (0.431), the need for housing with a relative weight (0.285), personal and social security with relative weight (0.384), social harms such as insecurity and delinquency with relative weight (0.217), the potential and capabilities of brown and gray lands with relative weight (0.352), facilities and infrastructure with weight relative (0.230), decrease in environmental quality and increase in pollution with relative weight (0.376), decrease in environmental health and increase in diseases with relative weight (0.329) means that after calculating the weight of the sub-criteria, the ratio of CR (Compatibility) was evaluated. The condition for accepting the work result is that the CR ratio is less than 0.1. It is worth mentioning that the CR ratio in this research was 0.16, 0.06, 0.09, and 0.08 for each index, which indicates the acceptability of the result.

Today, urban decay is a grave problem in metropolises. Despite the rules and regulations passed by the lawmakers to protect areas affected by the phenomenon, and in the face of all years-long regeneration, faults and flaws in the laws have hindered the perfect implementation of the desired objectives. Given the importance of the issue, urban renovation and reconstruction are the strategies adopted to resolve the problems of the urban fabric. A novel approach in tackling the problem, regeneration facilitates the social and economic revival as well as spatial restoration of the fabric. The aim of the present study is to identify and prioritize various aspects of regeneration of the urban decay for the purpose of legal planning.

The present study is classified as a basic research in terms of the objective, and qualitative and quantitative methods were used to conduct it. Grounded Theory was the approach selected for the qualitative part, while the documentary research was carried out using content analysis and meta synthesis. The research population is comprised of experts, scholars, and university professors in urban planning. Data were collected through documentary research, opinions, definitions, and in-depth open-ended interviews. A total of 35 individuals were interviewed for the purpose of this research. Qualitative data analysis, coding, and identifying the frequency of the codes extracted from interviews were done using NVivo. Then, the heirarchies were decided using AHP method and Expert Choice progra along with paired comparison questionarre. To this, Sirus Neighborhood in Tehran was selected as the case study according to the valuation of criteria based on the issues the neighborhood is faced with. Another reason for this choice was that it had been selected as the pilot location to carry out the regeneration objectives. Conclusions and

"Physical regeneration”, "social regeneration”, "environmental regeneration”, "urban managemnet regeneration”, and "economic regeneration” were extracted from the qualitative analysis as the legal components of resilience in the process of urban decay regeneration. Meanwhile, considering social complications and the influence of the community on the neighborhood indicated that establishing ties between the neighborhood in question and other neighborhoods of Tehran and their residents is the prerequisite to the realization of regeneration objectives in the historical area. Improving the social condition in the neighborhoods with greater sense of attachment can be materialized through the improvement of social indicators, increase in the quality of life and sense of satisfaction, preventing immigration, and eventually, providing better development platforms. Meanwhile, given the importance of urban management in urban development, a holistic, integrated, and inclusive approach which draws upon social and financial condition of the residents and preventing trivial actions in housing sector can help to achieve the regeneration objectives in the improvement of resilience.

The findings indicate that planning to improve social indicators must be the highest priority of lawmakers in order that the improvement in development platform can facilitate the realization of regeneration objectives.

Water supply is considered as water democracy. Sustainable water resources management has been manifested in response to growing pressures from population growth, socio-economic development, climate change, and ecological degradation. Despite the long history of water structure engineering in Iran, there is always a lack of sustainable water resources management framework, and recreation of hidden values ​​of historic hydraulic structures. The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of the historic hydraulic structures of desert cities with water resources’sustainable management criteria and the importance of restoration, protection and recreation of this historical heritage. This is an inferential-comparative study. Information gathering tools were library studies, review of written literature, and documents. Study of the structure, performance and management system of the historical hydraulic structures of Yazd Desert City indicated that despite the weaknesses of traditional systems, these structures have been in great harmony with the sustainable management framework for water resources. Therefore, modeling and recreating the values ​​and systems governing the structure and functioning of these structures as the most fundamental factors in explaining the thought and practice of social and ecological life can provide the basis for sustainability in all its dimensions.

1. Introduction The present cities are so far from sustainability indicators and living standards. At present, no balance is observed between urban networks and natural patterns while urban networks are more dominant over ecological networks. The presence of nature in the city is considered as a vital environment to enhance the quality of biological, environmental, and landscape characteristics. The question of this study was that due to the dense and worn-out texture of some urban areas like District 3 in Isfahan where the designing a green infrastructure network is impossible due to the lack of spatial openness such as green spaces and urban spaces, what will be the solution for the current problems and future developments? Green infrastructure is a response to modern human need for sustainable development and can be regarded as an approach focusing on the protection of natural environments and their performance as well as the human need results in a comprehensive framework for environmental, social, and economic sustainability results. In this regard, regeneration is a strategy which reorganizes the economic, social, and environmental structures, leads to the restoration of environmental quality or ecological balance, and combines them within the framework of sustainable development goals. In this approach, considering landscape is similar to a vast mosaic, identification of the disturbances created in the natural process of the inherent natural patterns forming such mosaics, regeneration and design through for restoring the patterns, streams, corridors and green networks. The goal of designing the green infrastructure of many activities is based on ecosystem and human health. *AUTHOR: EMAIL: [email protected] In order to regenerate historical-natural landscapes, the current models in the field of green infrastructure planning were studied and reviewed and then in accordance with their criteria, the optimal natural-historical patch and corridors were selected. Then, the framework of strategic policies and actions in the areas of strengthening, protecting, improving and restoring the landscape was presented to enhance the quality of environmental life - landscape at the regional level after field observations in accordance with the criteria of quantitative and qualitative methods for urban green infrastructure matrix. 2. Materials and methods In this study, the combination of both quantitative and qualitative models was used with the regeneration of natural-historical landscape to increase the degree of reliability and efficiency. The studied area District 3 of Isfahan is located on the northeast part of central Isfahan in the old city of Isfahan. After examining the satellite images, the percentage of mass to space, the study of social-cultural problems, the amount of worn-out texture and its comparison with the standards and models of urban green infrastructure were used by examining the current potentials (including stream axis, etc.), this area was selected to regenerate the natural-historical landscapes and approach the naturalistic cities and sustainable development. Patch, corridor, matrix The structural elements of landscape are introduced as patch, corridor, and matrix based on Forman model. This model itself is part of AWOP model. patchs include urban parks, gardens, cemeteries, vacant lands, urban spaces, semi-private-public green spaces, etc., and corridors include rivers, canals, streams, linear parks, energy transfer paths, streets, etc. After analyzing the structural elements of landscape based on patch and corridor at the regional level, an appropriate pattern of green and open spaces network in an interconnected system at the regional level was presented. Natural- historical landscape regeneration In this method too, based on Forman model, the valuable natural- historical patchs of the region were selected for regeneration and simultaneously used in the design cycle of green continuous network. AWOP Model This model identifies the landscape elements and presents solutions after overlapping the extracted layers. Based on this model, the small patchs and corridors should be protected and then connected to larger patchs and corridors with ecological function to have a strong connection. This model is of a qualitative type and does not alone respond to the design of green infrastructure. For this reason, the patchs being selected in this method were determined with other quantitative and computational criteria through Gravity model. Then, the aforementioned layers were identified, extracted, and overlapped while the valuable patchs were highlighted and interconnected. Gravity Model Gravity model examines the ecological impact of patchs and corridors on each other based on the extent and distance between them and ultimately achieves the optimal matrix in terms of complexity, connection, and the ratio of manufacturer/user cost. After overlapping the layers in with the principles and criteria of AWOP model, the patchs and corridors were selected based on the criteria and at the same time the patchs which could be regenerated in the region and having common conditions with the model were selected. Finally, they were weighted and formulated based on the principles and criteria of Gravity model. The studied and measured items: 1. Weighing the selected non-historical patchs 2. Weighing the selected historical patchs 3. Studying the interaction of both non-historical patchs based on the extent of patchs and the distance between them 4. Studying the interaction of both historical patchs based on the extent of patchs and the distance between them 5. Valuing the selected natural- historical-traffical corridors based on ecological indicators 6. Weighing the scores of selected ecological corridors 3. Results Based on the physical, structural, functional, and other situations, several networks can be produced and evaluated in this model based on green network typology such as the combination of hierarchical and Beckman models. 4. Discussion and conclusion Cities have converted in such a way that the natural and historical layers at their surfaces have disappeared into dense urban masses. As a result, the city has suffered from lack of self-purification, climate change, and the spread of mental, physical and mental diseases. In this regard, the idea of the interconnected urban green infrastructure network is one of the raised strategies to achieve a balance between the natural and artificial environment in the city and the sustainable structure of the city. It should be noted that each of the above-mentioned methods (not only with a merely qualitative model and not merely a quantitative one) could not respond to the local needs of the region and urban management. Thus, by combining AWOP model and Gravity models, it is the best and most applicable model for responding to the research goals regenerating the past self-sustainable city. 5. Suggestions This method can also be generalized to other cities and towns with similar conditions to the sample under study such as worn-out, historical, natural textures, and so on. Based on the results, the large patch of Isfahan's Tabark Castle, which has been the oldest part of the city and the center of government in past times but has been neglected, at the same time the natural-historical landscape regeneration of the castle, that can work as the biggest ecological- landscape node in the central loop of hierarchical and Beckman patterns. Finally, some strategies can be presented separately for each zone in the framework of strategic actions in the domains of strengthening, preserving, improving, reparation and regenerating the natural and historical landscape.