جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نورون » در نشریات گروه « علوم پایه »

Psychological dependence on substances is the desire to consume substances or something that has pleasurable effects and produces satisfaction. Various substances cause this dependence. Previous studies indicate the possible effect of risperidone on the brain reward system and the involvement of different receptors in conditioned place preference (CPP). Therefore, the present study was designed with the aim of investigating the effect of risperidone on the induction of psychological dependence and the number of hippocampal neurons. For this study, 40 male Wistar rats with a weight range of 230-280 grams were used. Risperidone was injected intraperitoneally with doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg. At the end of the hippocampus experiments, the animals were taken out and fixed by formalin, then cut and after staining, they were used for histological evaluation and neuronal counting. The results of this study showed that the administration of risperidone with a dose of 2 and 4 mg/kg causes a significant increase in CPP (p < 0.05). Also, in histological evaluation, no neuronal destruction was observed in all risperidone groups (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg). According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that risperidone in higher doses causes an increase in conditioned place preference and learning and dependence and should be considered in treatment.

Human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) contain a cell population that are capable of self-renewal and show similar properties to mesenchymal stem cells. The aim of this research is to show that these cells can differentiate to different cell lineages. In this study, endometrial tissue obtained from patients cells were extracted enzymaticaly. The released cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 with 10% FBS. The flow cytometry analysis was done for CD105, CD90, CD146, CD31 and CD34 in the third passage. The adipogenic, osteogenic, neurogenic and endothelial differentiation was evaluated in the third passage after 21 days of induction with differentiation media. The flow cytometry analysis showed that EnSCs were positive for CD90, CD105 and CD146 and were negative for CD31 and CD34. Moreover, results showed that the hEnSCs can differentiate to osteocyte and adipocyte. This was confirmed by alizarin Red and oil-Red O staining. Immunocytochemistry assey show that the markers including Nestin, MAP2 and CD31 has been expressede in differentiated cells into neuron and endothelial. Results showed that hEnSCs appear to be able to provide a source of different kinds of cells that will be able to be used to further study the cellular differentiation processes and cell therapy.

Mouse P19 embryonic carcinoma (EC) cells are pluripotent and can be differentiated into a population consisting largely of neurons and glia cells using a concentration of 510-7 M of retinoic acid (RA). Thus، P19 EC cells are a good model system to study events occurring during the critical phase of neuronal differentiation in vitro. Honey bee venom (BV) from consists of mellitin، phospholipase A2، apamin and several other bioactive substances. Studies have shown that mellitin and phospholipase A2، two major components of BV، play an important role in differentiation of neurons and enhance neurite outgrowth in PC12 cell line. The purpose of this experiment was to examine effects of bee venom and RA on the induction of neuronal differentiation in P19 cell line. The cells were seeded at a density of 3104 cells/ml in α-MEM containing 2. 5% FBS and 7. 5% calf serum، and incubated at 37°C in humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2. Primary results obtained from morphological examination showed that six days after treatment with 510-7 M RA، P19 cells produced processes and gradually obtained neuronal phenotype until day 10 of culture and then all cells died on day11. P19 cells treated with 1، 3 μg/ml bee venom produced processes on day 6 and neurons appeared. Then they exceeded to total size until day 10 and produced elongated processes but all cells died on day 11. Using bee venom and RA together had the same but more pronounced differentiating results. It can be concluded that applying bee venom with RA have an additive effect on cell differentiation and proliferation.