جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « گازهای گلخانه ای » در نشریات گروه « برق »

Reduction of fossil fuel reservoirs along with the environmental crisis associated with the fossil fuel combustion cause find the renewable and green resource of energies. Ethanol is an alternative fuel that is used as fuel in combination with other fuels and improves combustion efficiency and exhaust gasses properties. In this paper, combustion in automotive engines using different blends of gasoline-ethanol are studied to investigate the emissions of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. The simulation results showed that the blend of ethanol - gasoline significantly reduces exhaust emissions contain carbon dioxide, and sulfur oxides. The highest percentage of reduction in emission of greenhouse gasses is observed for 10% (V/V) of ethanol; however, by increasing engine speed, emission of carbon dioxide increases due to increased fuel consumption, while, unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emissions initially increases with increasing engine speed, and decreases by increasing the engine speed and temperature. Therefore, a mixture of gasoline-ethanol can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels.

Environmental issues, especially climate change, due to increased greenhouse gas emissions in recent decades, have become a global issue. Power generation sector has 30.2% share of CO2 emission that it's the biggest environmental pollutants in Iran. Scenario analysis method based on the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning system (LEAP) model was used for an analysis of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the electricity sector of Iran. Business As Usual (BAU), increasing the efficiency of power generation, nuclear and renewable energy and combine efficiency and renewable energy and nuclear scenarios represent different development paths which are possible in Iran’s electricity sector due to various policies. The simulations are applied until the year 1420, while 1390 is set as the base year. In the Business As Usual Scenario, greenhouse gas emissions grew by 5.8% annually between 2006 and 2030, while electricity output grew at an average of 6.6% per annum in this period. In the other three scenarios, greenhouse gas emissions control policies are considered. Thus, the greenhouse gas emission reduction between the BAU and increasing the efficiency of power generation, nuclear and renewable energy scenarios, and combination scenario is 198438, 228877, 360898 thousand CO2eq tons.

In recent decades, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly CO2, has led to catastrophic environmental impacts such as global warming. In addition to natural emissions, human activities are among the most important causes of CO2 emission. Meanwhile, energy consumption possesses the biggest share in CO2 emission. Various sectors, including industry, transportation and building, consume energy which each one has a significant role in air pollution and GHG emissions. According to official statistics, buildings own more than one third of the world energy consumption. Therefore, the role of huge buildings, as big energy systems would be very important. In this paper, a model for CO2 emission caused by energy consumption in a large building is provided and the emitted CO2 from a real building as a case study is then calculated.

The present research aim’s to investigate of the relationship between the social acceptance of solar energy systems and their effective factors in Tabriz. The general view governing the research is quantitative and according to the purpose of research is type of applied and in terms of the amount of supervision and control is method of field and in terms of information collection is descriptive and causal، communication. And also، the methodology on the base of it’s nature is method of survey. For implementing this aim، 384 persons were chosen among the Tabriz citizen’s by using the single stage cluster random sampling. They were asked to response to the questionnaire of provided. The amount of influencing of effective factors in accepting of using solar system by people investigated through descriptive and inferential test. The results show that social acceptance of solar system of Tabriz citizen’s is affected by five factors such as: education، income، occupation، marital status and their knowledge.

During the oil and gas extraction and their refining processes at the refinery complexes، a large amount of gases are not used and then they will be sent to the Flare networks. These burnt gases cause pollution and will waste the country’s economic resources. If the Flare Gases Recovery Systems (FGRS (are employed، then we can recover the wasted energy and prevent the emission of greenhouse gases like CO2، SOX and NOX. In this paper، firstly، the FGR system process is demonstrated in order to recover burnt gases. Furthermore، the simulation of the desired system was carried out through conducting the case study in the gas processing plant. The simulation results indicate that if the flare gas recovery system is used when the refinery is in the normal operation condition، the recovery of 530 (m3. hr-1) of sweet natural gas، 12 (ton. hr-1) of gas condensates would be possible. Following environmental studies، it was found that by using the above-mentioned system، producing 300 (Kg) per day of NOx، 2142 (Kg) per day of CO and 43 (ton. hr-1) of SO2 would be prevented.

There are no power generation systems without environmental impacts. Environmental impacts are in all stages of power generation process including resource extraction, facilities production, material transportation, power use and waste disposal. Some of the environmental impacts are air pollution (pollutant emissions like PM-10, SO2, NOx, CO, toxic pollutants such as Hg and etc.), greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, land use, impact on ecosystems (fauna and flora) and impact on human health. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology could characterize environmental impacts in all stages of life cycle of power generation. Different power generation systems could be comprised by LCA too. Considering the importance of GHG emission and climate change, this paper attempts to comprise GHG emissions in life cycle of different kinds of power plants (including fossil fuels power plants, nuclear power plants, photovoltaic power plants, wind power plants, hydropower and biomass power plants).