جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اثرات محیط زیستی" در نشریات گروه "عمران"

As the population and urbanization increase, policymakers consider urban water management more often; however, these policies can positively and negatively affect the urban water system. In recent years, following the increase in the water crisis in Isfahan province, pressure management has been applied to reduce access to water as a new water demand management policy in different cities of this province. The present study investigates the environmental effects of such policy in the new city of Baharestan (Isfahan province) during the 2018-2036 period, using a life cycle approach and different percentages of available water shortages. SimaPro software is used to conduct the life cycle assessment for processes such as network failure and energy consumption at the pumping station. The life cycle assessment is performed based on the conditions of the study area. The results show that significant part of the environmental effects in the water supply and distribution network is caused by network failures, which, compared to energy consumption, have many effects on most midpoint and endpoint environmental effects. So that the endpoint environmental effects of network failures are, on average, 2.2 times greater than that of pumping systems. The water distribution network and pumping system can minimize their environmental impact by implementing a pressure management policy. With pressure management, the endpoint environmental effects in both short-term and long-term scenarios are reduced by 14.7% and 20.2%, respectively.

Considering the goals of sustainable development and increasing environmental pollution, attention to the environmental effects of each product has increased more than ever. In the meantime, the building industry plays a major role in environmental pollution, as a major part of the urban waste comes from the industry. The most important factor affecting the amount and nature of environmental impacts is the type of building system. Life cycle analysis is a method used to assess environmental impacts along with all stages of the life of a product from cradle to grave. It is a method for designing sustainable structures, identifying environmental impacts of materials throughout the life cycle, providing financial and environmental details for choosing between different options by the relevant user, and the ability to select different indicators for assessing the life cycle of the application. In this research, a framework for evaluating the environmental life cycle of buildings is described. Due to the fact that in most buildings in Iran there are steel or concrete frames, the environmental impacts of two types of steel and concrete buildings in Isfahan have been estimated and compared. The analysis of the life-cycle analysis is carried out in four stages of the production and processing of materials, materials, construction, operation and end-of-life. Environmental impacts are categorized in the form of potential warming groups, acidification potential, water nutrition, reduction of fossil fuel resources, air pollutants, human health, photochemical smoke formation potential, ozone depletion and toxic emissions. . The analysis of effects is performed during the steps of classification, determination of the coefficient of influence and normalization and weighing. This analysis is performed in steps of classification, determination of the coefficient of influence and normalization and weighting. In the stage of classification of resources or contaminants that are similar in terms of environmental effects, Commitment and the determination of a single index for the effects defined in the groups through the process of determining the coefficient of influence of each work belonging to a group, normalization (converted to a comparable and comparable scale), and ultimately weighing the effect based on the importance of the type of effect is obtained. Weighing in these methods is performed as a triangle of weighting Showed that the highest pollution was related to the production of materials and in particular the manufacture of steel. The percentage of the raw materials used was generally more than 95%. Steel structures have been contaminated with most of the environmental impacts, including global warming, suspended particles, acidification, nutrition, and smog emissions. The impact of concrete building on greenhouse gas and particulate emissions is much higher and contributes significantly to the production of steel in the production of cancerous and toxic substances. It also showed that due to the increased importance of the release of carcinogens and toxic substances in The whole effect is more and more severe on human health and environmental degradation, and the greater role of steel in the release of these contaminations, the environmental contamination of the steel structure for the release of toxic carcinogens and toxic chemicals such as chromium multiplicity, is much greater than the concrete structure.