جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شیراز » در نشریات گروه « عمران »

In recent years, Road detection and road extraction from satellite images with the advancement and development of deep learning algorithms in the field of semantic segmentation has received more and more attention of researchers. In this regard, most of the studies have been done in the field of Road detection and road extraction using optical images and in these studies, few studies have been performed using radar images worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use a deeply Refined Deep Residual Convolutional Neural Network (RDRCNN) to evaluate and compare the accuracy of road extraction from Sentinel 1 radar images in Tehran and Shiraz metropolitan areas in equal conditions in terms of number of educational samples, validation and architecture. It is the same. In this study, to extract the road using DNN, the VV-VH color combination of Sentinel 1 radar images from 8 different cities (Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Shiraz, Tabriz, Urmia, Baghdad and Beijing) was used. Finally, the RDRCNN model with a residual connected unit (RCU) and a dilated perception unit (DPU) was used for road training and extraction. The research findings indicate that the RDRCNN model has performed almost the same in the process of identifying and extracting roads in the two cities of Tehran and Shiraz, and in general, the above model has performed slightly better in the city of Shiraz. In terms of accuracy evaluation metrics, for Tehran images, the criteria were Recall 57.66%, accuracy 51.29%, F1 score 54.43% and overall accuracy 92.78%, and for Shiraz images Recall criteria 60.77%, accuracy 54.71%, F1 score 57.40% and overall accuracy of 95.63% were obtained. The findings of this study show the low accuracy of road training and extraction from Sentinel 1 radar images for two metropolitan areas of Iran. In general, by comparing the results of this study with previous studies, it can be seen that one of the most important reasons for the low accuracy of the results is the low width of roads in Iranian cities; However, due to the lack of necessary studies in the field of road extraction with Sentinel 1 radar images, it is not possible to comment definitively on the results and it is suggested that more studies be done in this field.

The role of cities in providing shelter is not hidden, and providing suitable housing has a special position in the classification of citizens' needs and is considered one of the most important features of achieving the development of spatial justice. Considering that providing affordable housing in big cities is one of the important slogans of most governments in Iran, but what is less discussed is the role that local institutions and Islamic councils of cities can play in providing housing. Also, considering the 45.2% share of renters from the total population of Shiraz, which has created a special situation among the metropolises of the country, and the sharp growth of housing rent in Shiraz, which is higher than other metropolises such as Isfahan, Mashhad, Tabriz and Ahvaz in 2019. It highlights the need for special attention and playing a role by local institutions, such as the council and the municipality, to support the renters, and in this regard, this article tries to explain the issue of providing rental housing for low-income earners by emphasizing the metropolis of Shiraz.

One of the main problems that most cities face is natural perils, which always threaten human habitation and the life of men and can cause extensive damage, and giving solutions to increase the resilience of urban societies can cause a decrease in risk in historical contexts. in this regard, the existence of dense and historical context in the 8 shiraz city region (historical context) has caused this region to be particularly vulnerable to disasters and natural hazards. the aim of this study is to reconnoiter and evaluate resilience indices in the historical context of shiraz to provide effective strategies in order to increase the resilience level. the present study is an applied research and the descriptive-analytical method has been used to analyze resilience indices. also, Using Kendall's W test in SPSS software and assigning a proper weighting to each of the indicators, the resilience maps are prepared in GIS software and analyzed. Therefore, the results of data analysis show that the grading index with a weight of 6 has the greatest effect on reducing the resilience of the historical context of Shiraz, followed by indices of “building antiquity, building quality, building structure, permeability” with weights of “4.7, 3.52, 2.91, 2.37” are effective in reducing the resilience of this region and the index of the number of floors with a weight of 1.49 has less effect on reducing the resilience of the region.

Traffic accidents are considered as the main cause of death among young people in the world and the biggest problem in developing countries such as Iran.  Planning to reduce pedestrian accidents requires proper information. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the accident points in terms of pedestrian accidents in the second trimester of summer 2017 in Shiraz. This is a cross-sectional study. Data from pedestrian crash statistics were extracted from the pre-hospital emergency database. Valid items with interstitial address in Shiraz. The map of the roads of Shiraz was designed according to the scale and coordinates. The latitude and longitude of each address was calculated and implemented on the map. After recording the points where pedestrian accidents occurred, the operation optimization method and the density analysis of points were applied. Such a map of the frequency of pedestrian accidents and the density of incident points were made at the city of Shiraz. After analyzing the map and examining the distribution of the age and sex of the injured, the frequency of pedestrian accidents was obtained in different months. A map of pedestrian accidents occurred in summer 2012 in Shiraz. The main accident occurred at the Shiraz level in the city center and the lowest density in the south and southwest region. Considering the significant level of 0.1, the highest accident density was in areas 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8 of Shiraz municipality. 74.4% were injured and the rest were women. The most pedestrian accident occurred in July and the lowest frequency was in August. The age group was 16-44 years and over 65 years old and the average age of pedestrians was 35.6 years.The density of pedestrian accidents in the city center was significantly higher than in the south and southwest of Shiraz. The need to investigate the causes of an accident, including human error, vehicle defects, and road problems, such as lack of lighting, are felt in accidental areas. With the presence of police special forces at incident and measures such as the construction of pedestrian bridges, the pedestrian accidents can be greatly reduced.

Urban land use planning which is one of the main components of urban planning typically defined as a multi-objective planning problem in optimal use of urban space and existing facilities. Among numerous land use maps، urban planners are usually interested in choosing the map which is contiguous to the optimal land use map of an interested vision. Reference point multi-objective optimization algorithms provide possibility of introducing the optimal values for different objectives as a reference point and producing optimal solutions near to reference points. In this study، the implementation and efficiency of Reference-Point-Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (R-NSGA II) for urban landuse allocation is investigated and a method for chromosomes coding is proposed. Maximizing compatibility of adjacent land use، land suitability، accessibility to roads and main socio-economic centers، and minimizing resistance of land use to change are defined as the main objectives. Then the optimal values of objectives were introduced to the algorithm as reference points. Consequently، planners will be able to select within proposed land use maps according to their priorities. The results of land use allocation modeling for Shiraz city in 2011 indicate that the decision maker is able to choose a better decision with more reliability comparing to situations with a single solution. This achievement indicates proposed model ability for simulation of different scenarios in land use planning