جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « economy » در نشریات گروه « عمران »

Reduction in project implementations is one of the most important challenges in construction management. In our country, after the revolution, there has been a significant leap forward in the construction of national civilization projects. However, despite the increase in the number of projects being implemented or commissioned, the problem facing these types of projects is the lack of start-ups and their operation on time according to the schedule. These delays also increase the cost of construction and reduce their quality. Comprehensive Quality Management (TQM) is the process by which management, with the participation of employees, customers and creditors, continuously improves quality. In other words, the final product in any industry must be tailored to the standards required by that industry to bring customer satisfaction. The construction industry is not an exception to this rule, and even the high cost of construction in this industry makes it necessary to ensure the control of the final product more than other industries. On the other hand, one of the goals and perspectives of TQM is to satisfy the customer completely with the least cost and attention to the optimal point of life cycle costs. In some cases, it increases so much that it takes the plan out of the being economic. In this article, while defining the basic topics of management, it deals with the role and position of time management, in the occurrence of delays and providing appropriate solutions to solve them. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of quality management on optimal changes in construction costs for the construction projects.

The mutual relationship between housing and economy is such that each one of them affects the other one and causes changes in the structure and functionality of each one of these variables. The fluctuations in the economic and industrial sector affect the socioeconomic conditions of cities and lead to the formation of various types of residences and constructions. The current study aims to investigate the distinct types of houses in Gorgan City in order to analyze and assess the roles of economic variables in the physical structure of urban residences and the formation of various types of houses. This study is a developmental applied study which utilizes a combination of descriptive, attributive, and correlative methods. In order to gather the required information regarding the status quo, a questionnaire made by the researchers is used as a field method. The statistical population of the study includes all the residential units in Gorgan City and the size of the sample based on Cochran’s Formula is 375 residential units. The reliability of the questionnaire is confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient which was equal to 0.82. In order to analyze the data and statistics of the study, SPSS and Excel software applications and simultaneous linear regression statistical tests were used. The results obtained from the study show that the residential buildings in Gorgan City vary with regards to typological aspects such as occupational measures, land price, the type of materials used for construction, the age of the building, and the measure related to the building’s façade. Moreover,the results obtained from the linear regression show that economic conditions are among the factors affecting the variety and formation of different types of housing in Gorgan City. Furthermore, the regression shows an effective and significant relationship between the economic conditions of the residents of these houses and the measures studied in relation to housing.

Travel time is one of the main economic parameters of transport and sometimes saving time is the biggest benefit of roads traffic modifications. In many previous studies, have been investigated the effect of reducing the time on the economic benefits resulted from implementation of projects improving public transport systems. This paper reviews the role of reduction in travel time resulting optimization of Birjand bus system on increasing of users’ economic benefits. In this study, has been discussed the city bus lines on two separated stages involving before and after of the system optimization. The results showed that waiting time of passengers in studied lines has reduced to 53.32% after the optimization. Therefore, based on completed questionnaires in routes studied of Birjand city, implementation of the optimization has 59.68% positive impact on users’ economic benefits.

Roads have different roles in the economy of cities. Roads can influence on direction of development of the city and therefore increase the cost of land and wealth distribution. In this study، it is tried to have a more clear understanding about costs and benefits of these kinds of roads، with descriptive- analytic method to find out the effects of ring roads on the economy of cities as after construction، it does not harm the economy of the city and there will be improvement on it. The importance of this research appears especially where the cities are located between the roads with service roles. In this research، the north ring road of Damghan was chosen as a sample. Data for this research was obtained through field method by gathering traffic volume counts، photographs and interviews with city managers، traffic Police and owners of service centers and also by documents. The results indicate that the best solution in current situation is organizing all of these three roads through the passengers’ goals، investments، increase in revenues of service jobs and the city and economy improvement.

Today, about 10 percent of an economy is allocated to the transportation. As freight transport has an important role in the development and growth of various economic sectors, investment in transportation can improve the other sectors. Among different methods of transport, road transport is of great importance because of the door – to – door provision (from production site to consumption place). About 25 percent of GNP is allocated to Tehran province with 1 percent of the area and 18 percent of the population of the country. Therefore, the demand for commercial goods was studied in the Tehran province’s road transport. The data was analysed by the EViews software through OLS method. The results show that the amount of freight transport from Tehran to the other provinces is a function of production volume in Tehran and it will increase by incrementing of the destination population and will decrease by increasing the distance.The freight transport demand for Tehran province is dependent to the external exchanges and public budget. Based on the finding of this study, in the short term, development of road transport infrastructures focusing on Tehran can facilitate the growth of various sectors of the country’s economy.